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What is the use of Linux directory structure? in view of this question, this article introduces the corresponding analysis and solution in detail, hoping to help more partners who want to solve this problem to find a more simple and feasible way.

"everything is file" is the most important design idea in Linux system, which is similar to Git (because, after all, it was created by the same person, the idea is the same).

[common catalog description]

Catalogue

/ bin

Store binary executable files (ls,cat,mkdir, etc.), where commonly used commands are located.

/ etc

Store system management and configuration files

/ home

The root directory where all user files are stored is the base point of the user's home directory. For example, the home directory of the user user is / home/user, which can be represented by ~ user.

/ usr

Used to store system applications, the more important directory / usr/local local system administrator software installation directory (install system-level applications). This is the largest directory, and almost all the applications and files to be used are in this directory.

/ usr/x11r6 directory where x window is stored

/ usr/bin numerous applications

Some hypervisors of / usr/sbin super user

/ usr/doc Linux document

Header files required for developing and compiling applications under / usr/include linux

Configuration files of dynamic link libraries and software packages commonly used in / usr/lib

/ usr/man help documentation

/ usr/src source code, the source code of the linux kernel is in / usr/src/linux

/ usr/local/bin locally added commands

/ usr/local/lib locally added libraries

/ opt

The location where additional installed optional application packages are placed. In general, we can install tomcat and so on here.

/ proc

The virtual file system directory is the mapping of system memory. You can access this directory directly to get system information.

/ root

Home directory of the superuser (system administrator) (privileged class ^ o^)

/ sbin

Stores binary executable files that can only be accessed by root. What is stored here are system-level management commands and programs used by system administrators. Such as ifconfig, etc.

/ dev

Used to store equipment files.

/ mnt

The system administrator installs the mount point of the temporary file system, and the system provides this directory for users to mount other file systems temporarily.

/ boot

Store all kinds of files used for system boot

/ lib

Store shared libraries and kernel modules needed to run programs in the file system. Shared libraries, also known as dynamic link shared libraries, act like .dll files in windows, storing shared files needed for root file system programs to run.

/ tmp

It is used to store all kinds of temporary files and is a common temporary file storage point.

/ var

It is used to store files that need to change data at run time, and it is also an overflow area for some large files, such as log files for various services (system startup log, etc.). ), etc.

/ lost+found

This directory is usually empty, and the file "homeless" left by the abnormal shutdown of the system (.chk under windows) is here.

The Linux directory is very different from the Windows directory. The Linux directory is similar to a tree, and the top level is its root directory: /

1./bin directory

The / b i n directory contains commands required for boot startup or commands that a normal user might use (perhaps after boot startup). These commands are executable programs for binary files (b i n is b i n a r y-short for binary), and most of them are important system files in the system.

2. / sbin directory

The / s bin directory, similar to / bin, is also used to store binaries. Because most of the files are basic system programs used by system administrators, although ordinary users can use them when necessary and allowed, they are generally not available to ordinary users.

3. / etc directory

The / e t c directory stores various system configuration files, including user information file / e t c / p a s s w d, system initialization file / e t c / r c and so on. It is these files that work properly.

4. / root directory

The / root directory is the superuser's directory.

5. / lib directory

The / l i b directory is a shared library required by programs on the root file system, which stores the shared files needed for the root file system programs to run. These files contain code that can be shared by many programs to prevent each program from containing a copy of the same subroutine, so it can make the executable file smaller and save space.

6. / lib/modules directory

The / lib/modules directory contains the system core that can load a variety of modules, especially those needed to reboot the system when recovering a damaged system (such as network and file system drivers).

7. / dev directory

The / d e v directory stores device files, that is, device drivers, through which users access external devices. For example, users can access mouse input by visiting / d e v / m o u s e, just like other files.

8. / tmp directory

The / tmp directory stores the information and data generated by the program at run time. However, after the boot starts, it is best to use / v a r / tmp instead of / tmp, because the former may have a larger disk space.

9. / boot directory

The / boot directory holds files used by the boot loader (bootstrap loader), such as l i lo, and the core image is often placed here, rather than in the root directory. But if you have many core images, this directory may become very large, and it would be better to use a separate file system. It is also important to note that the core image must be within the first 10 2 4 cylinders of the i d e hard drive.

10. / mnt directory

The / m n t directory is the mount point where the system administrator temporarily installs (m o u n t) the file system. The program does not automatically support installation to / mnt. / mnt can be divided into many subdirectories, for example, / mnt/dosa may be a floppy drive using the m s dos file system, and / mnt/exta may be a floppy drive using the ext 2 file system, / mnt/cdrom CD-rom drive, and so on.

11. / proc, / usr,/var,/home directory

The answer to the question about the usefulness of the Linux directory structure is shared here. I hope the above content can be of some help to you. If you still have a lot of doubts to be solved, you can follow the industry information channel to learn more about it.

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