Shulou(Shulou.com)06/01 Report--

I. Historical Development

Unix, the ancestor of Linux operating system

Ken. Thomson and Dennis. Ritchie founded the Unix operating system at Bell Labs in 1969, an operating system that supports multiple logins at the same time. In order to develop this system, they invented C language. And the two won the Turing Award in 1983.

Establishment of GNU Community

In 1983, Richard M. Stallman created the GNU plan and established the GPL protocol. And take the wildebeest as the community LOGO. The community defines a very important word "open source".

The MINIX operating system was born quietly.

A Unix-like operating system created by Professor Tarenbaum for teaching use. Released in 1987, the source code of the system is sold to colleges and universities or students in the form of magnetic disks. The system inspired the creation of Linux operating system.

The birth of LINUX kernel

In 1992, Linus Torvalds built the Linux kernel based on the MINIX operating system. Linux started out as a free operating system for personal computers that support Intel's x86 architecture. Because of its open source characteristics, it combines the open source software of the GNU community and finally forms the Linux operating system that everyone uses today.

II. The release version of LINUX

Debian refers to a cooperative organization dedicated to creating a free operating system and its works. Because many kernel branches of the Debian project are dominated by the Linux macro kernel, and most of the basic tools in the operating system created by Debian developers come from the GNU project, "Debian" often refers to Debian GNU/Linux.

Ubuntu's free and open source desktop PC operating system based on linux fits well with Intel's ultrabook positioning and supports x86 and 64.

The Software and Integrated Circuit Promotion Center (CSIP) of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (CSIP), together with the University of Defense Science and Technology (NUDT) and CANONICAL, the support company of UBUNTU, a well-known international open source community, announced in Beijing that they would cooperate to establish a joint laboratory for open source software innovation and launch the open source community operating system project UbuntuKylin.

Kali linux operating system

Kali Linux is a Debian-based Linux distribution designed for digital forensics and * * testing and *.

Kali Linux comes with a number of testing software, including nmap (Port Scanner), Wireshark (packet Analyzer), John the Ripper (password cracker), and Aircrack-ng (a set of software used to test wireless Lans). Users can run Kali Linux from a hard drive, live CD, or live USB. Metasploit's Metasploit Framework supports Kali Linux,Metasploit, a set of tools for developing and executing Exploit code for remote hosts.

Red Hat Series Linux operating system

Red Hat Enterprise Edition

An enterprise operating system established by Red Hat

The latest version is 7.0

Fedora Community Edition

A community operating system funded by Red Hat, positioned as a personal operating system

The latest version can be downloaded from the official website http://fedoraproject.org

CentOS Community Edition

Community Enterprise Operating System (Community Enterprise operating system)

The latest version is 7.5

Third, install the CentOS7.5 system

Installation steps

If the above interface appears, it means that you want to turn on the virtualization function of the physical machine.

Initialize the CentOS7 system

After the CentOS7 system is installed

Advice for beginners

Turn off the firewall

This time: systemctl stop firewalld

Systemctl enable/disable firewalld

Close Selinux

This time: getenfore

Setenfore 0

Gedit / etc/selinux/config SELINUX=disabled

Learn a few commands:

User login, prompt

# indicates that the user is root

$represents an ordinary user

Cat / etc/centos-release

Date display date

Whoami displays login user name

Hostname displays hostname

Ifconfig display ip

Route-n shows routes

Alias cls='clear'

Alias ipconfig='ifconfig'

Ping-c 2 172.18.199.1

Reboot restart the machine

Halt-p or shutdown-h 0

Word list

Redhat red hat

Free open source

Enterprise Enterprise's

Root root

Boot start

Terminal terminal

Localhost local host

Info information

Total Total

Assignment:

1. Install LINUX in English and Chinese

2. Write the following command function:

Date 、 whoami 、 hostname 、 ifconfig 、 alias 、 ping 、 reboot 、 halt 、 shutdown

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