Shulou(Shulou.com)06/01 Report--

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Introduction

First of all, the scope of the core technology is very wide, so it is limited to the information field (science and technology Internet); secondly, it is necessary to make a division of the core technology, temporarily divided into the core theory and engineering implementation.

If chip, operating system, database and AI framework are listed as the core technologies in the information field, I think it can be made in China at present, and the level of production may be different from that of the industry, but it should also be able to be used. But it can be done because the core theories of these aspects have been mature, if in the field where the core theory is not mature, then it is difficult to say now.

The core theory part is the question of whether it can be done or not, and the engineering realization part is the question of whether it can be done or not. Whether it can be a part of basic research, this investment is very large, and it takes a long time to accumulate. At present, there are few teams in China to invest in this area; whether to do more is a commercial consideration, a clich é topic that needs ecological support.

Official cognition

Miao Wei, minister of industry and information technology, made a comprehensive interpretation of "made in China 2025" at the standing Committee of the CPPCC National Committee:

Among the four echelons of global manufacturing, China is in the third echelon (middle and low-end manufacturing), behind the first echelon of the United States (the global center of scientific and technological innovation) and the second echelon of European Union and Japan (high-end manufacturing). And the current pattern can hardly be fundamentally changed in a short period of time.

In the global ranking of science and technology, taking into account top technology companies, top universities, state-of-the-art laboratories, Nobel prizes, core patents and other aspects, China also lags far behind developed capitalist countries such as the United States, Europe and Japan. Especially in the field of information technology, China has a huge gap, and the United States dominates the world with an undisputed overwhelming advantage.

As the minister in charge of industry and information technology, Miao's speech basically represents national awareness. The first step in catching up and surpassing is to recognize and admit one's own shortcomings. In an atmosphere of blind arrogance and complacency among the people, official decision-makers can have a calm and objective understanding of the current situation of China's scientific and technological development and dare to tell the truth. It's particularly valuable and important.

Great achievements and huge gaps

High-speed rail, Sky Eye, large aircraft, Mozi, domestic aircraft carriers, manned spaceflight, deep-sea exploration, Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge, Beijing New Airport. The achievements of these great achievements reflect China's scientific and technological progress and growing comprehensive strength in recent years, and we can't help feeling that "my country has been awesome."

Relying on the world's largest single market potential and the institutional advantage of concentrating efforts on major projects, China has an unparalleled advantage in tackling key problems in large-scale projects and technologies.

But there is also something not strong in my country. Although China has Ali Tencent, which is one of the global TOP10, with millions of programmers and tens of millions of researchers, in the field of information technology, the core technology has long been monopolized and controlled by the United States, and the situation controlled by others has not been cracked, and the risk of running out of food exists at any time.

There is no real popular domestic operating system in China, the server field is monopolized by Linux, the PC field is occupied by Windows and MacOS, and mobile devices are carved up by Android and iOS.

The operating system of domestic mobile phone manufacturers is only based on Android to develop interactive interface (UI), which is built on the foundation of others, saying that it is a bit self-deceiving to be completely independent of intellectual property rights.

The field of chip technology is controlled by the three giants Intel, AMD and ARM to supply chips for global computing devices. Not long ago, ZTE went into shock because of the ban on the sale of chips, and the lesson is profound.

Chinese government departments, banks, securities, electric power communications and other lifelines of the national economy, as well as major companies are using database systems such as Oracle, which is tantamount to keeping accounts in other people's books.

China has no independent intellectual property rights of the browser kernel, domestic browsers are all based on chrome, ie, webkit and other kernel secondary development, and the Red Core browser is a complete hoax.

Almost all the basic original inventions and creations in the field of information technology, such as storage program principle, Internet, satellite communications, mobile phones and so on, are obtained by western countries.

Computer programming languages, classics, pioneer masters, and top open source projects are far behind the United States, Europe and Japan.

Major breakthroughs in emerging key technologies, such as big data, cloud computing, quantum computing, artificial intelligence, and blockchain, are also mostly completed by Google, Microsoft, Amazon and other American companies.

In the field of information technology, it is a basic fact that China is only a student and follower, and the core technology is not yet in its own hands. This is also in line with the national conditions of the primary stage of socialism and the level of economic development. Any remarks that exaggerate the facts and mislead the public are untenable, do not improperly belittle yourself, and do not be arrogant.

Is it feasible to overtake at the corner?

Since there is such a big gap, and the traditional technology in the information field is difficult to surpass, are there any other breakthroughs?

Recently, the term "overtaking at corners" is often seen in the newspapers. I think it is misleading. First of all, there may be no real corner overtaking, or it may be very difficult for foreigners to overtake, and foreigners are not stupid; secondly, corner overtaking is not a panacea. Overemphasis on corner overtaking may be at fault with the idea of taking shortcuts.

It was not built in a day. The core technology is the result of long-term accumulation. We need to give up the idea of taking shortcuts for quick success and quick profits.

Looking at the world, the core technology in the information field is only in the hands of a few western developed countries, and to put it more directly, it is mainly in the hands of the United States, so it is neither belittling nor surprising that China has failed to grasp the core technology in the information field, because this is also true of most other countries in the world.

Differences between China and the United States in Business and Technology

1. Us: technology-driven Business

IBM spent $34 billion on a red hat that sold license; Microsoft bought github;Google for $7.5 billion because of its ability to deploy code to azure Cloud, and spent a lot of money on DeepMind, Android, Waymo and other companies and projects.

There are many cases of such giants acquiring technology start-ups, and the United States is a typical example of technology-driven business.

two。 China: business-driven Technology

On the other hand, China's giant point of takeout and buying scrap metal is in sharp contrast to the United States. In fact, it's not that they don't want to buy good things, but they can't buy them. at present, there are few small companies in China that rely on technological advantages to survive.

China is a huge market, which is a very great advantage. We need to protect and make good use of this advantage. A large number of Chinese companies, such as Huawei and BAT, have benefited from this. This commercial success is a great achievement.

Commercial success will lead to technological progress, and technological progress will promote commercial upgrading. This interaction and influence are happening quietly. Large companies such as Huawei and BAT are using commercial profits to invest in technological research and development, and strive to narrow the technological gap with international giants.

For China, it is both necessary and feasible for business to drive technology, rather than technology-driven business. Over time, China's position in the field of information technology will certainly be greatly improved.

Why don't Chinese people like technology?

1. History owes too much.

Since ancient times, China has thought that becoming an official is the right way, and the concept of official standard is deep-rooted. Feudal society particularly respected Confucius and Mencius, reading the four Books and five Classics, learning to behave in the world, giving merit and fame in the examination, honoring his ancestors; excellent in learning, and doing learning has also become a ladder for promotion and political career.

As for technology (craftsmanship), it has always been called "carving insects and tricks". It is difficult to get into the hall of elegance, which is not something that people should ponder. Its role has been repeatedly belittled and underestimated, and it has not been recognized and respected for a long time.

Under the influence of this traditional concept, everyone went to squeeze the single-log bridge, and all their intelligence was spent on promotion and wealth, intrigue, and observation, so how can they have time to do scientific research and technological breakthroughs? I owe too many historical debts.

It was not until Xiaoping put forward that "science and technology are the primary productive forces" that he advocated science and technology at the national level for the first time. But the influence of old ideas has not been eradicated from people's minds, because this kind of consciousness is unforgettable from top to bottom.

two。 Poor technical environment

At present, China still does not pay enough attention to technical personnel, as evidenced by the impact of Zhang Xiaoping's resignation on the moon.

Unable to sit on the bench, they all want to be promoted quickly, while the technical route is relatively slow, so they think about taking management shortcuts.

Old programmers are difficult to be recognized, they can't bear to work overtime when they are old, and they are easily replaced if they can't keep up with the pace, which aggravates everyone's anxiety.

Lack of geek spirit and technical belief, I can't wait to change management a few years after graduation, and I don't want to touch the code whenever I have a chance.

Management positions can be leveraged, pay is dominant, and it is easier to get a promotion and a raise.

Many people think that programming can be done by anyone, just like picking a pawn. Being able to do it and doing it well are two different things. Can primary school students be the same as college students?

Because people are poor (China has been poor for too long), coupled with the objective impact of high housing prices and medical care, it is difficult for people to make career planning and choices entirely based on interests and interests without adequate material protection.

Counterfeiting occurs frequently, and although counterfeiting is a stubborn disease in the global scientific and technological community, several influential events in China can really be described as unimaginable, and more or less reflect some other problems such as the difficulty of innovation, performance orientation and the pursuit of fame and profit.

Why not make a domestic system?

The operating system is the jewel in the crown for the software industry. why has there been no really popular domestic operating system for so many years? as mentioned earlier, this question is not a question of whether it can be done or not, but mainly a question of whether or not to do it. The reasons for not doing it are as follows:

Operating system is a complex and huge system engineering. Several popular systems are of the order of tens of millions of lines of code, and it takes a lot of money, manpower and time to develop a new operating system.

Operating system ecology is very difficult to do. Because the system is directly oriented to consumers, if there is no application manufacturer to develop applications for the system, it cannot be pushed to the market; in addition, the system switching cost is also much higher than the database, which is why Ali's OceanBase is successful, but YunOS is not accepted by the market.

From the perspective of commercial interests, the company is unwilling to develop new systems with high investment, high risk and low return; universities and scientific research institutes are, to put it bluntly, incompetent.

Technically, it is difficult to break through the existing architecture and design shackles. Innovation is very difficult, if you follow the idea of open source system, then re-research and development is of little significance.

Today we are no longer as we have been

Although in the horizontal comparison of core technologies, there is a big gap between China and the United States. However, if compared with the previous vertical comparison, the progress is also great.

More than a decade ago, China did not have a world-class Internet giant, almost all communications equipment was imported, the mobile phone market was carved up by foreign manufacturers, and basic software such as operating systems, databases and middleware was completely blank.

Now, Ali has completed a comprehensive IOE (IBM minicomputer, Oracle database, EMC storage), crossed the valley of death of relational database, developed its own distributed database Ocean Base and used it on a large scale. Ariyun, which is filled out by engineers, has also won a place for China in this field.

Huawei has grown from small to big, from weak to strong, successfully beat A, Si, and Love to the top of the world, and won China a voice in the world in the fields of 5G communications, core chips, high-end storage and so on.

Tianhe-2 represents that China has won the top spot in the world supercomputing list for many times, and has also made many gains in the field of optical fiber communications and information security.

In addition to the considerable advances in information technology, business models and business innovations are also remarkable. Mobile payment, sharing economy, Didi Taxi, headline Douyin based on algorithm recommendation, catch up with or even lead the world in some areas. Before Copy To China, now Copy From China.

Tomorrow will be better.

Every company has its own genes, and every country has its own national conditions. Existence is reasonable, and it is necessary to objectively understand and understand the current situation.

I think it is very difficult to expect universities and scientific research institutes to make technological breakthroughs in the field of information. Information technology is facing the public, unlike national defense and aviation. If you understand it, you will naturally understand it, and you will not wake up pretending to sleep.

Pinning the hope on promoting information technology progress through technology Internet companies, or even breaking monopolies, may be an effective way. China will take a new path different from the technology-driven business of the United States.

The Chinese people are industrious and intelligent, and the new generation of young people born and raised in the post-90s and post-00s are born and raised in an era of richer material conditions, without the trouble of lack of food and clothing, so they tend to be more idealistic, more imaginative, more innovative and pioneering.

China is moving in a better direction, the business environment is getting better, and the technological environment is also getting better, which is very important. Take your time, you can't get fat at once.

Believe in the future, believe in young people.

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