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Manual testing vs automated testing

Manual testing and automated testing are both ways of software quality assurance, accurate understanding of manual testing and automated testing is conducive to our better testing work.

Manual testing: Manual testing is when a person enters a case one by one and then observes whether the result is the same as the expected result.

Advantages of manual testing:

(1) Good exception handling ability, able to verify whether the function of the current step is correct or not through artificial logic judgment

(2) Manual test step by step tracking, able to locate the problem in detail

Manual testing finds more defects than automated testing

Disadvantages of manual testing: testing workload is large, repeated manual regression testing, very time-consuming.

Automated testing: Automated testing is the process of transforming human-driven testing behavior into machine-executed testing. Usually, after the test case is designed and reviewed, the tester executes the test step by step according to the procedure described in the test case, and obtains the comparison between the actual result and the expected result. In this process, in order to save manpower, time or hardware resources and improve test efficiency, the concept of automatic test is introduced.

Automated test comparison is suitable for projects with infrequent software requirements changes, long project cycles, and reusable automated test scripts

Advantages of automated testing:

(1) Regression testing of programs is more convenient. This is probably the most important task for automated testing, especially if the program is modified frequently, and the effect is very obvious. Since the actions and cases of regression testing are completely designed, and the expected results of testing are completely predictable, automatic running of regression testing can greatly improve testing efficiency and shorten regression testing time.

(2) More complex tests can be run. An obvious benefit of automation is that more tests can be run in less time.

(3) It is possible to perform tests that are difficult or impossible to perform manually. For example, testing with a large number of users is impossible to have enough testers simultaneously, but automated testing can simulate many users simultaneously to achieve the purpose of testing.

(4) Better use of resources. Automating tedious tasks improves accuracy and motivates testers, freeing test technicians to devote more effort to designing better test cases. Some tests are not suitable for automatic testing, but only for manual testing. After automating the tests that can be automatically tested, testers can focus on manual testing and improve the efficiency of manual testing.

(5) The test is consistent and repeatable. Since the tests are automatically executed, the consistency of the results of each test and the content of the execution can be guaranteed, thus achieving the repeatable effect of the test.

(6) Reusability of testing. Since automated testing often uses scripting techniques, it is possible to use the same use case for different tests with little or no modification.

(7) Increase software trust. Since the tests are performed automatically, there are no omissions or errors in the execution process, which depends entirely on the design quality of the tests. Once the software has passed robust automated testing, trust in the software naturally increases.

Disadvantages of automated testing:

1) Automated testing cannot replace manual testing. Its purpose is simply to free testers from the tedious and repetitive mechanical testing process, and to spend time and effort on more valuable places, thus digging more product defects.

(2) Automated testing does not have as many defects as manual testing.

(3) Great dependence on test quality

(4) High script maintenance costs

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