Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

Machine vision, that is, using machines instead of human eyes to make measurements and judgments. The machine vision system means that the image is captured by the machine vision product, and then the image is transmitted to the processing unit, through digital processing, the size, shape and color are distinguished according to the pixel distribution, brightness, color and other information, and then the action of the equipment on the spot is controlled according to the result of image discrimination.

In some dangerous working environment which is not suitable for manual work or where artificial vision is difficult to meet the requirements, machine vision is often used instead of artificial vision. At the same time, in the process of mass industrial production, the efficiency and precision of product quality inspection by artificial vision is low, and the machine vision inspection method can greatly improve the production efficiency and the degree of automation of production. And machine vision is easy to realize information integration, and it is the basic technology to realize computer integrated manufacturing.

It is precisely because the machine vision system can quickly obtain a large amount of information, and is easy to automatically process, but also easy to integrate with design information and processing control information, therefore, in the process of modern automatic production, machine vision system is widely used in food and beverage, pharmaceutical, building materials and chemical industry, electronic manufacturing, packaging, automobile manufacturing and other industries.

Basic structure

Machine vision technology is a cross-discipline involving artificial intelligence, neurobiology, psychophysics, computer science, image processing, pattern recognition and many other fields. Mainly uses the computer to simulate the human visual function, extracts the information from the image of the objective thing, carries on the processing and understands it, and finally uses it for the actual detection, measurement and control. A typical machine vision application system includes image capture, light source system, image digitization module, image processing module, judgment and decision-making module and mechanical control execution module.

working principle

The machine vision inspection system uses a camera (CCD/COMS) to convert the detected target into an image signal, which is transmitted to a special image processing system, and then converted into a digital signal according to pixel distribution, brightness, color and other information. The image processing system carries out various operations on these signals to extract the feature information of the target, such as area, quantity and location, and then output the results according to the preset conditions to achieve automatic recognition function.

Machine vision characteristics

1. Machine vision is a comprehensive technology, including digital image processing technology, mechanical engineering technology, control technology, electric light source lighting technology, optical imaging technology, sensor technology, analog and digital video technology, computer hardware technology, man-machine interface technology and so on. These technologies are juxtaposed in machine vision and coordinated with each other to form a successful industrial machine vision application system.

2. Machine vision puts more emphasis on practicality, which requires it to adapt to the harsh environment in industrial production, to have a reasonable performance-to-price ratio, to have a general industrial interface, to be operated by ordinary work, and to have high fault tolerance and safety. will not destroy industrial products, must have strong versatility and portability.

3. For machine vision technicians, they should not only have the professional ability to study mathematical theory and compile computer software, but also need the comprehensive ability of optical, mechanical and electrical integration.

4. Machine vision puts more emphasis on real-time, requiring high speed and high precision, so many technologies in computer vision and digital image processing are difficult to be applied to machine vision at present. Their development speed is far faster than that of their practical application in industrial production.

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