Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

A brief introduction to LAMP

At present, one of the most mature enterprise website application models can provide dynamic Web sites.

Use and development environment

1. Constituent components

● Linux 、 Apache 、 MySQL 、 PHP/Perl/Python

2. Advantages of LAMP

Low cost of ●

● is customizable and easy to develop.

● is easy to use, safe and stable.

II. Introduction to Apache

Working process:

Fastcgi is a fast universal gateway interface, and the interface type is the structure of cUniverse. it is a communication protocol specification, which gives the dynamic resources in accordance with the language support program to php for processing, and the interactive ones are dynamic requests; through the php_mysql driver to find mysql for comparison, the results are converted into static resources to apache, and then returned to client.

Expand:

1. About the CGI program:

CGI makes it possible for external programs to interact with Web servers. The CGI program runs in a separate process and sets up a process for each Web request, which is very easy to implement, but inefficient and difficult to extend. In the face of a large number of requests, the establishment and demise of a large number of processes greatly degrade the performance of the operating system. In addition, the reuse of resources is limited because the address space cannot be shared.

2. About the FastCGI program:

Unlike the CGI program that creates a new process for each request, FastCGI uses a continuous process (master) to handle a series of requests. These processes are managed by the FastCGI server, not the web server. When a request comes in, the web server passes the environment variable and the page request to the FastCGI process through a socket or a TCP connection.

Compile and install httpd server

1. Advantages of compilation and installation

● has a large degree of freedom and its function can be customized.

● can get the latest software version in time

● is generally suitable for most Linux versions and is easy to port and use.

2. Obtain the source code package of the Apache server

● reference address: htp://ttpd.apache. Org / download.cgi

3. Httpd.conf configuration file parameters

Common global configuration parameters

● ServerRoot: service catalog

● Listen: IP address and port number of the monitor

● User: identity of the user running the service

● Group: the group identity under which the service is running

● ServerAdmin: administrator mailbox

● ServerName: the domain name of the website server

● DocumentRoot: the root directory of the web document (site)

● DirectoryIndex: default index page file (home page)

● ErrorLog: set the path to the error log file (see log for service errors)

● LogL .evel: the level at which logs are recorded. Default is warn.

● CustomL og: location where log files are accessed

● PidFile: the file that holds the PID number of the httpd process (PID:117)

● AddDefaultCharset: sets the character set encoding used by default for pages in a site

● Timeout: network connection timed out. Default is 300s.

● KeepAlive: whether to keep the connection, optional On or Off

● MaxKeepAliveRequests: maximum number of files requested per connection

● KeepAlive Timeout: timeout while remaining connected

● Include: additional configuration files to be included

Listen: the IP address of the monitor, the port number ServerName: the domain name of the website server, which need to be modified. 4. Experiment A, Apache website construction

1. First, share the source code package we need on the host (the source code package is compiled and can be obtained by private chat). If you really can't share it, copy the source code package directly into the virtual machine (mouse click and drag to the main folder of Linux). It's simple and fast, and the editor's test is effective.

2. Set the IP address to the vmnet1 Nic of the host

3. Mount the shared file to the mnt directory. If you drag it in directly, the file will be under the desktop master file.

[root@localhost ~] # smbclient-L / / 192.168.100.3 / / access the IP address of the host Enter SAMBA\ root's password: OS= [Windows 10 Enterprise 17763] Server= [Windows 10 Enterprise 17763] Sharename Type Comment-ADMIN$ Disk remote Management C$ Disk default share D$ Disk default share E$ Disk default share F$ Disk default share G$ Disk default share IPC$ IPC remote IPC LAMP Disk LAMP-C7 Disk share Disk Users Disk Connection to 192.168.100.3 failed (Error NT_STATUS_RESOURCE_NAME_NOT_FOUND) NetBIOS over TCP disabled-- no workgroup available [root@localhost ~] # mount.cifs / / 192.168.100.3/LAMP-C7 / mnt/ Mount to the mnt directory Password for root@//192.168.100.3/LAMP-C7: [root@localhost ~] # cd / mnt [root@localhost mnt] # ls to see if there are any of these source packages [root@localhost mnt] # cd / mnt [root@localhost mnt] # lsapr-1.6.2.tar.gz Discuz_X2.5_SC_UTF8.zip LAMP-php5.6.txt php-5.6.11.tar.bz2apr-util-1.6.0.tar.gz httpd-2.4.29. Tar.bz2 mysql-5.6.26.tar.gz

4. Unpack the underlying cross-platform toolkit to the opt directory, unzip the HTTP toolkit to the opt directory, and put the two files extracted from the cross-platform toolkit under the HTTP toolkit.

Tar zxvf apr-1.6.2.tar.gz-C / opttar zxvf apr-util-1.6.0.tar.gz-C / opttar jxvf httpd-2.4.29.tar.bz2-C / optmv apr-1.6.2 httpd-2.4.29/srclib/aprmv apr-util-1.6.0 httpd-2.4.29/srclib/apr-util [root@localhost mnt] # cd / opt [root@localhost opt] # lsapr-1.6.2 apr-util-1 . 6.0 httpd-2.4.29 rh [root@localhost opt] # mv apr-1.6.2 httpd-2.4.29/srclib/apr [root@localhost opt] # mv apr-util-1.6.0 httpd-2.4.29/srclib/apr-util [root@localhost opt] # lshttpd-2.4.29 rh

5. Install and build the environment package for the experiment

[root@localhost opt] # yum-y install\ gcc\ gcc-c++\ / / Environment language make\ / compiled into a computer-recognized language pcre-devel\ / / pcre, just like regular expressions, expat-devel\ / / supports tag-aware language perl / / perl compiler

6. Compile and install by hand

[root@localhost opt] # cd httpd-2.4.29/ [root@localhost httpd-2.4.29] #. / configure\ >-- prefix=/usr/local/httpd\ / / "\" represents a new line Specify path >-- enable-so\ / / apache core module enable >-- enable-rewrite\ / / enable rewrite function, hotlink protection >-- enable-charset-lite\ / / support character set Simplified Chinese >-enable-cgi / / Universal Gateway Interface > config.status: creating build/rules.mkconfig.status: creating build/pkg/pkginfoconfig.status: creating build/config_vars.shconfig.status: creating include/ap_config_auto.hconfig.status: executing default commandsconfigure: summary of build options:

7. the configuration file is compiled and converted into a language that can be recognized by the host, and then installed

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29] # make les-module-avoid-version mod_rewrite.lo make [4]: leave directory "/ opt/httpd-2.4.29/modules/mappers" make [3]: leave directory "/ opt/httpd-2.4.29/modules/mappers" make [2]: leave directory "/ opt/httpd-2.4.29/modules" make [2]: enter directory "/ opt/httpd-2. 4.29/support "make [2]: leave directory" / opt/httpd-2.4.29/support "make [1]: leave directory" / opt/httpd-2.4.29 "[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29] # make installInstalling man pages and online manualmkdir / usr/local/httpd/manmkdir / usr/local/httpd/man/man1mkdir / usr/local/httpd/man/man8mkdir / usr/local/httpd/manualmake [1]: leave directory" / opt/httpd-2.4.29 "

8. The Apache startup script is put in for easy management and renamed httpd.

[root@localhost httpd-2.4.29] # cp / usr/local/httpd/bin/apachectl / etc/init.d/httpd

9. Enter the parameters of vi / etc/init.d/httpd configuration file

Configuration file first line add parameter # / bin/sh#hkconfig: 35 85 21 / / 35 level autorun 85th startup 21st shutdown # escription: Apache is a World Wide Web server

10. The httpd service is added to the Service manager to facilitate opening, closing, loading, etc.

[root@localhost init.d] # chkconfig-- add httpd [root@localhost init.d] #

11. Vim / usr/local/httpd/conf/httpd.conf / / configure parameters in the configuration file

# ServerName www.yun.com:80#Listen 192.168.136.132:80Listen 80 (data find and change)

12. Create soft links for easy access

Ln-s / usr/local/httpd/conf/httpd.conf / etc/ make a soft link. Next time, just type vim / etc/httpd.conf directly into ln-s / usr/local/httpd/bin/* / usr/local/bin/ to make a soft link, so that your system can identify it.

13. Check for configuration file syntax errors

[root@localhost init.d] # httpd-tAH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this messageSyntax OK [root@localhost init.d] # apachectl-tAH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this messageSyntax OK

14. Enable the service after a series of operations

[root@localhost init.d] # systemctl stop firewalld.service / / disable firewall [root@localhost init.d] # setenforce 0 / / disable enhanced features [root@localhost init.d] # service httpd start / / enable http service AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using localhost.localdomain. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this messagehttpd (pid 70331) already running [root@localhost init.d] # netstat-anpt | grep 80 / / View the listening port tcp 0 192.168.136.132 LISTEN 70331/httpd 22 192.168.136.1 ESTABLISHED 3506/sshd: root@pts tcp6 0 0:: 80:: * LISTEN 70331/httpd [root@localhost init.d] #

15. You can access the HTTP service on Linux, that is, the first step is to build the Apache website successfully.

B, code installation MYSQL database

1. Code and install MYSQL database

[root@localhost init.d] # yum install ncurses-devel autoconf cmake-y / / the installation environment package and Cmake toolkit have loaded plug-ins: fastestmirror, langpacksLoading mirror speeds from cached hostfile * base: mirrors.aliyun.com * extras: mirrors.nju.edu.cn * updates: mirrors.nju.edu.cn is resolving dependencies-- > checking transactions-- > package autoconf.noarch.0.2.69-11.el7

2. Extract the software package of the database to opt, and compile the environment package.

[root@localhost mnt] # cd / mnt

Tar xzvf mysql-5.6.26.tar.gz-C / opt

[root@localhost mnt] # cd / opt

[root@localhost opt] # ls

Httpd-2.4.29 mysql-5.6.26 rh

[root@localhost opt] # cd / opt/mysql-5.6.26/

[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26] #

Cmake\

-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql\ / / specify the installation path

-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8\ / / specify the character set

-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci\ / / specifies the default character set

-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all\ / / specify an extended character set

-DSYSCONFIDIR=/etc\ / / specify the configuration file directory

-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/home/mysql/\ / / specify the data file in the database

-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/home/mysql/mysql.sock / / define the sock file to connect to the database file

3. Compile and install, which can be recognized by the computer. If there is an error in error, it must be an error in the change of the configuration file or an error in the path, go back and check.

[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26] # make [root@localhost mysql-5.6.26] # make install [100%] Building CXX object libmysqld/examples/CMakeFiles/mysql_embedded.dir/__/__/client/readline.cc.oLinking CXX executable mysql_embedded [100%] Built target mysql_embeddedScanning dependencies of target mysqltest_embedded [100%] Building CXX object libmysqld/examples/CMakeFiles/mysqltest_embedded.dir/__/__/client/mysqltest.cc.oLinking CXX executable mysqltest_embedded %] Built target mysqltest_embeddedScanning dependencies of target my_safe_process [100%] Building CXX object mysql-test/lib/My/SafeProcess/CMakeFiles/my_safe_process.dir/safe_process.cc.oLinking CXX executable my_safe_process [100%] Built target my_safe_process

4. Configure the database

[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26] # cp support-files/my-default.cnf / etc/my.cnf / / put the configuration file in cp: do you want to overwrite "/ etc/my.cnf"? Yes [root@localhost mysql-5.6.26] # [root@localhost mysql-5.6.26] # cp support-files/mysql.server / etc/init.d/mysqld / / put the configuration file into the startup script cp: do you want to overwrite "/ etc/init.d/mysqld"? Yes [root@localhostmysql-5.6.26] # chmod 755 / etc/init.d/mysqld / / add execution permissions [root@localhostmysql-5.6.26] # chkconfig-- add / etc/init.d/mysqld / / add services to Service Manager [root@localhostmysql-5.6.26] # chkconfig mysqld-- level 35 on / / 35 enable [root@localhostmysql5.6.26] # echo "PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql / bin "> > / etc/profile// boot system environment variable [root@localhost mysql-5.6.26] # source / etc/profile// boot system environment variable [root@localhost mysql-5.6.26] # echo $PATH / / View system environment variable Has the command been added to / usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/bin:/sbin:/root/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/bin [root@localhost mysql-5.6.26] # useradd-s / sbin/nologin mysql/ / Creator user Do not allow it to log in to the local console [root@localhost mysql-5.6.26] # chown-R mysql:mysql / / promote the permissions of all users under the path / usr/local/mysql/

5. Load the data information into the database

[root@localhost mysql-5.6.26] # / usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db\ / / initialize database-user=mysql\ / / database user-ldata=/var/lib/mysql\ / data-basedir=/usr/local/mysql\ / database directory-datadir=/home/mysql / / database storage directory

6. Open the database

[root@localhost mysql] # vim / etc/init.d/mysqld 46 basedir=/usr/local/mysql / / indicate path 46 line 47 datadir=/home/mysql / / indicate database location 47 lines [root@localhost mysql] # vim / etc/init.d/mysqld [root@localhost mysql] # service mysqld start / / Open database Starting MySQL.... SUCCESS! [root@localhost mysql] # netstat-anpt | grep 3306 / / View listening port tcp6 0 0:: 3306: * LISTEN 6458/mysqld

7. Set a password for the database administrator: abc123

[root@localhost mysql] # mysqladmin-u root-p password "abc123" Enter password: Warning: Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.C, install PHP environment

1. Installation environment

Root@localhost opt] # yum-y install\ gd\ / / Image processing, libpng\ / support PNG images libpng-devel\ pcre\ pcre-devel\ libxml2-devel\ / / support parsing, markup language libjpeg-devel / / supports jpg image format

2. Decompress and associate database and Apache

[root@localhost mnt] # tar xjvf php-5.6.11.tar.bz2-C / optcd / opt/php-5.6.11/ [root@localhost php-5.6.11] #. / configure\ >-- prefix=/usr/local/php5\ / / specify installation path >-- with-gd\ / / gd library Image processing >-- with-zlib\ / / function library >-- with-apxs2=/usr/local/httpd/bin/apxs\ / / provide functional modules to apache >-- with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql\ / / associated database >-- with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php5\ / / associated PHP configuration >-- enable-mbstring / / functional module loading

3. Compile, install and create soft links, be careful.

[root@localhost php-5.6.11] # make [root@localhost php-5.6.11] # make installInstalling PEAR environment: / usr/local/php5/lib/php/ [PEAR] Archive_Tar-installed: 1.3.12 [PEAR] Console_Getopt-installed: 1.3.1 [PEAR] Structures_Graph- installed: 1.0.4 [PEAR] XML_Util-installed: 1.2.3 [PEAR] PEAR-installed: 1 .9.5Wrote PEAR system config file at: / usr/local/php5/etc/pear.confYou may want to add: / usr/local/php5/lib/php to your php.ini include_path/opt/php-5.6.11/build/shtool install-c ext/phar/phar.phar / usr/local/php5/binln-s-f phar.phar / usr/local/php5/bin/pharInstalling PDO headers: / usr/local/php5/include/php/ext/pdo/ [ Root@localhost php-5.6.11] # cp php.ini-development / usr/local/php5/php.ini// copy configuration file to php.ini [root@localhost php-5.6.11] # ln-s / usr/local/php5/bin/* / usr/local/bin/ make a soft link to all commands in php5 [root@localhost php-5.6.11] # ln-s / usr/local/php5/sbin/* / usr/local/ Sbin/ [root@localhost php-5.6.11] # vim / etc/httpd.conf DirectoryIndex index.html index.php / / default home page with phpAddType application/x-httpd-php .phpAddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps / / add PHP configuration file

4. Enter the configuration file, rename and PHP.

[root@localhost php-5.6.11] # cd / usr/local/httpd/htdocs/root@localhost htdocs] # mv index.html index.phpvi / usr/local/httpd/htdocs/index.php [root@localhost htdocs] # lsindex.php

5. LAMP architecture is formed.

6. Configure the database Mysql

[root@localhost ~] # cd / mnt / / our forum package is in our previous source package Private message I [root@localhost mnt] # lsapr-1.6.2.tar.gz httpd-2.4.29.tar.bz2 php-5.6.11.tar.bz2apr-util-1.6.0.tar.gz LAMP-php5.6.txtDiscuz_X2.5_SC_UTF8.zip mysql-5.6.26.tar.gz [root@localhost mnt] # mysql- u root-p / / enter the database Enter password: / / input Enter your set password abc123Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with; or\ g.Your MySQL connection id is 1Server version: 5.6.26 Source distributionCopyright (c) 2000, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or itsaffiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respectiveowners.Type 'help;' or'\ h' for help. Type'\ c'to clear the current input statement.mysql > create database bbs; / / create database Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) mysql > show databases / / View database +-+ | Database | +-+ | information_schema | | bbs | | mysql | | performance_schema | | test | +-+ 5 rows in set (0.02) Sec) mysql > GRANT all ON bbs.* TO 'bbsuser'@'192.168.102.166' IDENTIFIED BY' admin123' / / upgrade permissions to all forms in BBS database, to bbsuser users, to all terminals to log in, set password admin123Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) mysql > flush privileges;Query OK, 0 rows affected (0 sec) mysql > exit / / exit Bye

7. Unzip the source code package of the forum to the opt directory

[root@localhost htdocs] # cd / mnt [root@localhost mnt] # lsapr-1.6.2.tar.gz httpd-2.4.29.tar.bz2 php-5.6.11.tar.bz2apr-util-1.6.0.tar.gz LAMP-php5.6.txtDiscuz_X2.5_SC_UTF8.zip mysql-5.6.26.tar.gz [root@localhost mnt] # Discuz_X2.5_SC_UTF8.zip-d / opt/dis / / unzip the forum package to OPT creating: / opt/dis/utility/oldprg/uchome/ inflating: / opt/dis/utility/oldprg/uchome/invite.php inflating: / opt/dis/utility/oldprg/uchome/space.php inflating: / opt/dis/utility/restore.php inflating: / opt/dis/utility/update.php [root@localhost mnt] # cd / opt/dis [root@localhost dis] # cp-r upload/ / Usr/local/httpd/htdocs/bbs / put everything on the website Copy it to the apache site and name it bbs [root@localhost bbs] # cd / usr/local/httpd/htdocs/ [root@localhost htdocs] # ls / / check if there is a configuration file for this page, bbs index.php.

8. Visit the bbs page

9. Elevate privileges to program users

[root@localhost htdocs] # cd bbs/ [root@localhost bbs] # ls-l total consumption 76 RW / r / r 1 root root 2603 October 20 10:13 admin.phpdrwxr-xr-x. 11 root root 163Oct 20 10:13 api-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 727 October 20 10:13 api.phpdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 23 October 20 10:13 archiverdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 90 October 20 10:13 config-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 922 October 20 10:13 connect.php-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 253 October 20 10:13 cp.php-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 106 October 20 10:13 crossdomain.xmldrwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 21 16 October 20 10:13 data-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 5558 October 20 10:13 favicon.ico-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2110 October 20 10:13 forum.php-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 823 October 20 10:13 group.php-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1223 October 20 10:13 home.php-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 5448 October 20 10:13 index.phpdrwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 64 October 20 10:13 install-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1040 October 20 10:13 member.php-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1381 October 20 10:13 misc.php-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1757 October 20 10:13 plugin.php-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 985 October 20 10:13 portal.php-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 582 October 20 10:13 robots.txt-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1158 October 20 10:13 search.phpdrwxr-xr-x. 10 root root 168 October 20 10:13 sourcedrwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 72 October 20 10:13 staticdrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 38 October 20 10:13 templatedrwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 92 October 20 10:13 uc_clientdrwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 241 October 20 10:13 uc_server-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1691 October 20 10:13 userapp.php [root@localhost bbs] # chown-R daemon. / config [root@localhost bbs] # chown-R daemon. / data [root@localhost bbs] # chown-R daemon. / uc_ client [root @ localhost bbs] # chown-R daemon. / uc_server/ data [root @ localhost bbs] # [root@localhost bbs] # ls-l the total amount is 76Murrwtel. 1 root root 2603 October 20 10:13 admin.phpdrwxr-xr-x. 11 root root 163Oct 20 10:13 api-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 727 October 20 10:13 api.phpdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 23 October 20 10:13 archiverdrwxr-xr-x. 2 daemon root 90 October 20 10:13 config-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 922 October 20 10:13 connect.php-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 253 October 20 10:13 cp.php-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 106 October 20 10:13 crossdomain.xmldrwxr-xr-x. 13 daemon root 21 16 October 20 10:13 data-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 5558 October 20 10:13 favicon.ico-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2110 October 20 10:13 forum.php-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 823 October 20 10:13 group.php-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1223 October 20 10:13 home.php-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 5448 October 20 10:13 index.phpdrwxr-xr-x. 5 root root 64 October 20 10:13 install-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1040 October 20 10:13 member.php-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1381 October 20 10:13 misc.php-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1757 October 20 10:13 plugin.php-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 985 October 20 10:13 portal.php-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 582 October 20 10:13 robots.txt-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1158 October 20 10:13 search.phpdrwxr-xr-x. 10 root root 168 October 20 10:13 sourcedrwxr-xr-x. 6 root root 72 October 20 10:13 staticdrwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 38 October 20 10:13 templatedrwxr-xr-x. 6 daemon root 92 October 20 10:13 uc_clientdrwxr-xr-x. 13 root root 241 October 20 10:13 uc_server-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1691 October 20 10:13 userapp.php

10. Click next

11. don't fill in the information correctly, otherwise you won't be able to get in. Set a password for the administrator.

12 、. Enter http://192.168.136.132/bbs to enter the home page of the forum.

13, enter http://192.168.136.132/bbs/admin.php to enter the back-end operation, enter the password, the user name to log in, login can be arbitrary operation.

The above is a small experiment in the initial construction of LAMP architecture.

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