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2025-03-31 Update From: SLTechnology News&Howtos shulou NAV: SLTechnology News&Howtos > Database >
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This article mainly explains "how to achieve oracle exp incremental backup", the content of the article is simple and clear, easy to learn and understand, now please follow the editor's ideas slowly in depth, together to study and learn "how to achieve oracle exp incremental backup"!
Oracle exp incremental backup experiment
Https://blog.csdn.net/sinat_16741503/article/details/72876092
There are three standard backup methods for Oracle databases, which are export / import (EXP/IMP, EXPDP/IMPDP), hot backup, and cold backup.
The exported spare is a logical backup, and the cold backup and hot backup are physical backups.
Exp supports incremental backups, while expdp does not.
Exp/imp incremental export is a commonly used method of data backup, which can only be implemented for the entire database and must be exported as SYSTEM.
During this export, the system does not require any questions to be answered. The export file name is export.dmp by default. If you do not want your output file to be named
Export.dmp, you must indicate the file name to be used on the command line.
Incremental exports include three types: full backup, cumulative backup, and incremental backup.
The following conditions must be met to perform an incremental backup:
1. Valid only for full database backups, and the full=y parameter is required for the first time, and the inctype=incremental parameter is required later.
two。 The user must have the system role of EXP_FULL_DATABASE.
Here are three simple uses and differences for backups:
1, full backup: as the name implies, export all data in the entire database
Exp system/oracle inctype=complete file=full.dmp log=full.log
2. Cumulative backup: export information about changes in the database since the last "full backup"
Exp system/oracle inctype=cumulative file=cumulative_1.dmp log=sys_cumulative_1.log
3. Incremental backup: back up the information that has changed since the last "backup"
Exp system/oracle inctype=incremental file=sys_cumulative_3.dmp log=sys_cumulative_3.log
For example, I set an oracle backup policy:
Saturday: full backup
Sunday: incremental backup
Monday: incremental backup
Tuesday: incremental backup
Wednesday: cumulative backup
Thursday: incremental backup
Friday: incremental backup
So when my database was corrupted on Saturday (before backup), the process of restoring the database was:
First, regenerate the database structure with the command CREATE DATABASE.
Second, create an additional segment that is large enough.
Third, full backup import (Saturday)
Imp system/oracle inctype=RESTORE FULL=y FILE= fully backs up files on Saturday
Fourth, cumulative backup import (Wednesday)
Impsystem/oracle inctype=RESTORE FULL=y FILE= accumulated backup files on Wednesday
Fifth, incremental backup import (Thursday)
Impsystem/oracle inctype=RESTORE FULL=y FILE= accumulated backup files on Thursday
Sixth, incremental backup import (Friday)
Impsystem/oracle inctype=RESTORE FULL=y FILE= accumulated backup files on Friday
Note: one drawback of backing up the oracle database in this way is that the data will be lost before the last backup to the database goes down.
-- the following is a full backup strategy script written by the blogger. After cumulative backup and incremental backup, you can modify some parameters:
#! / bin/bash
# script for oracle database backup, which backs up the whole database and executes at 1:00 every Saturday
# #
# # author-***###
# #
If [- f ~ / .bash_profile]; then
. ~ / .bash_profile
Fi
Set-e
Last_day= `date-d "- 7 day" +% Y% m% d`
# Last data backup time
Stime= `date +% s`
Echo `date + "% F% T" `# start full library backup #
Cd / mnt/sd02/oracle_bak_68/
# backup data storage directory
/ data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/exp system/oracle inctype=complete
File=sys_all_ `date +% Y% m% d`.dmp log=sys_all_ `date +% Y% m% d`.log
# declare the exp path. In some environments, the command cannot be found if an error is reported in a scheduled task.
Rm sys_all_$ {last_day} .dmp
Rm sys_all_$ {last_day} .log
# Delete last week's full backup file
Etime= `date +% s`
S = `echo "scale=0; ($etime-$stime)% 60" | bc`
M = `echo "scale=0; ($etime-$stime) / 60% 60" | bc`
H = `echo "scale=0; ($etime-$stime) / 60 + 60" | bc`
Echo `date + "% F% T" `# end of full library backup #
Echo `date + "% F% T" `end script execution time $h hours $m minutes $s seconds
-- the backup policy settings in scheduled tasks are as follows:
# script for full library backup, which is executed at one o'clock every Saturday morning
01 01 * * 6 sh / home/oracle/zcb/oracle_all_bak.sh > > / home/oracle/zcb/log/oracle_a
Ll_ `date + "\% Y\% m\% d" `.log 2 > & 1
# incremental backup scripts are executed every Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Thursday and Friday
00 01 * * 0 sh / home/oracle/zcb/oracle_incremental_bak.sh > > / home/oracle/zcb/log/oracle_in
Cremental_ `date + "\% Y\% m\% d" `.log 2 > & 1
00 01 * * 1 sh / home/oracle/zcb/oracle_incremental_bak.sh > > / home/oracle/zcb/log/oracle_in
Cremental_ `date + "\% Y\% m\% d" `.log 2 > & 1
00 01 * * 2 sh / home/oracle/zcb/oracle_incremental_bak.sh > > / home/oracle/zcb/log/oracle_in
Cremental_ `date + "\% Y\% m\% d" `.log 2 > & 1
00 02 * * 4 sh / home/oracle/zcb/oracle_incremental_bak.sh > > / home/oracle/zcb/log/oracle_in
Cremental_ `date + "\% Y\% m\% d" `.log 2 > & 1
00 01 * * 5 sh / home/oracle/zcb/oracle_incremental_bak.sh > > / home/oracle/zcb/log/oracle_in
Cremental_ `date + "\% Y\% m\% d" `.log 2 > & 1
# Cumulative backup scripts are executed every Wednesday
00 01 * * 3 sh / home/oracle/zcb/oracle_cumulative_bak.sh > > / home/oracle/zcb/log/oracle_cu
Mulative_ `date + "\% Y\% m\% d" `.log 2 > & 1
Thank you for reading, the above is the content of "how to achieve exp incremental backup of oracle". After the study of this article, I believe you have a deeper understanding of how to achieve exp incremental backup of oracle, and the specific use needs to be verified in practice. Here is, the editor will push for you more related knowledge points of the article, welcome to follow!
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