Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

SATA

SATA, whose full name is Serial Advanced Technology Attachment, is a hard disk interface specification jointly proposed by Intel, IBM, Dell, APT, Maxtor and Seagate.

SATA hard disk adopts a new design structure, which has many advantages over IDE hard disk because of its fast data transmission and space saving.

1. SATA hard disk has higher transmission speed than IDE hard disk. At present, SATA can provide the peak transmission rate of 150MB/s. In the future, it will reach 300 MB/s and 600 MB/s. Then we will get a transfer rate of nearly 10 times faster than the IDE hard drive.

2. Compared with the PATA40 pin data cable of the IDE hard disk, the SATA cable is small and thin, has a long transmission distance, and can be extended to 1 meter, which makes it easier to install the equipment and wiring in the machine. Because of the small size of the connector, this kind of cable effectively improves the air flow in the computer and the heat dissipation in the chassis.

3. Compared with IDE hard disk system, the power consumption is reduced. The SATA hard drive works with a voltage of 500mV.

4. SATA can be backward compatible with PATA devices by using multi-purpose chipsets or serial-parallel converters. Because SATA and PATA can use the same drive, there is no need for operating system upgrades or other changes.

5. SATA does not need to set the master-slave jumper. BIOS numbers it in the order of 1, 2, 3. It depends on which SATA connector the drive is connected to (easy to install). The IDE hard disk needs to be set up through the jumper to set the master-slave disk.

6. SATA also supports hot swappable and can be used like a USB disk. IDE hard drives do not support hot swappable.

SAS

SAS (Serial Attached SCSI), namely serial connection SCSI, is a new generation of SCSI technology, which is the same as the popular Serial ATA (SATA) hard disk. It uses serial technology to obtain higher transmission speed, and improves the internal space by shortening the connection line. SAS is a new interface developed after parallel SCSI interface. This interface is designed to improve the performance, availability and scalability of the storage system, and to provide compatibility with SATA hard drives. The interface technology of SAS is backward compatible with SATA.

In terms of interface standards, SATA is a substandard of SAS, so the SAS controller can directly control the SATA hard disk, but SAS can not be directly used in the SATA environment, because the SATA controller can not control the SAS hard disk.

SSD

SSD is a technology that abandons traditional magnetic media and uses electronic storage media to store and read data. it breaks through the performance bottleneck of traditional mechanical hard disk, has extremely high storage performance, and is considered to be the future star of the development of storage technology.

The fully integrated circuit of solid state disk and the revolutionary design without any mechanical moving parts fundamentally solve the need for the stability of data reading and writing in the mobile office environment. The fully integrated circuit design allows solid state drives to be made into any shape. Compared with traditional hard drives, SSD solid-state electronic disks have the following advantages:

First, SSD does not need mechanical structure, complete semiconducting, no data search time, delay time and disk seek time, fast data access speed, data reading ability above 100M/s, the highest up to 300M/s

Second, the SSD all use flash memory chips, durable, shockproof and anti-falling, even if the collision with hard objects, the possibility of data loss can be reduced to a minimum.

Third, thanks to the absence of mechanical parts and FLASH flash memory chips, SSD has no noise and low power consumption.

Fourth, it is lightweight, 20-30g lighter than a conventional 1.8in hard disk, which makes it possible for portable devices to carry multiple SSD. At the same time, because of its complete semiconducting and no structural restriction, it can be designed into a variety of special electronic hard disks with different interfaces and shapes according to the actual situation.

Performance evaluation

Operating system ubuntu 12.04

Test tool fio

Taking sequential reading as an example, the command is as follows: fio-name iops-rw=read-bs=4k-runtime=60-iodepth 32-filename / dev/sda6-ioengine libaio-direct=1

Where rw=read refers to random reading, bs=4k means to specify the corresponding partition for each read of 4k filename, and here I am / dev/sda6,direct=1 to pass through the cache of linux

Next, we will test the speed of sequential read, random read, sequential write and random write of sata hard disk, sas hard disk and ssd hard disk.

Sequential reading

Test command: fio-name iops-rw=read-bs=4k-runtime=60-iodepth 32-filename / dev/sda6-ioengine libaio-direct=1

SATA

Jobs: 1 (fission 1): [R] [16.4% done] [124.1M/0K / s] [31.3K/0 iops] [eta 00m:51s]

SAS

Jobs: 1 (fission 1): [R] [16.4% done] [190M/0K / s] [41.3K/0 iops] [eta 00m:51s]

SSD

Jobs: 1 (fission 1): [r] [100.0% done] [404M/0K / s] [103K / 0 iops] [eta 00m:00s]

You can see that in the case of continuous reading of 4KB packets:

The speed of SSD can reach 404MB. Sigo IOPS can reach 103K/S.

The speed of SAS can reach 190MB, and the speed of SMPs can reach 41K/S.

The speed of SATA can reach 124MB to reach 31K/S.

Read sequentially, the overall performance of SAS is 1.3 times that of SATA hard drive, and the overall performance of SSD is 4 times that of sata hard drive.

Random reading

Test command fio-name iops-rw=randread-bs=4k-runtime=60-iodepth 32-filename / dev/sda6-ioengine libaio-direct=1

SATA

Jobs: 1 (fission 1): [r] [41.0% done] [466K/0K / s] [114 / 0 iops] [eta 00m:36s]

SAS

Jobs: 1 (fission 1): [r] [41.0% done] [1784K/0K / s] [456 / 0 iops] [eta 00m:36s]

SSD

Jobs: 1 (fission 1): [r] [100.0% done] [505M/0K / s] [129K / 0 iops] [eta 00m:00s]

According to random reading, the overall performance of SAS is 4 times that of SATA hard drive, and the overall performance of SSD is more than a thousand times that of sata hard drive.

Sequential writing

Test command: fio-name iops-rw=write-bs=4k-runtime=60-iodepth 32-filename / dev/sda6-ioengine libaio-direct=1

SATA

Jobs: 1 (fission 1): [W] [21.3% done] [0K/124.9M / s] [0 / 31.3K iops] [eta 00m:48s]

SAS

Jobs: 1 (fission 1): [W] [21.3% done] [0K/190M / s] [0 / 36.3K iops] [eta 00m:48s]

SSD

Jobs: 1 (fission 1): [W] [100.0% done] [0K/592M / s] [0 / 152K iops] [eta 00m:00s]

In the case of the same 4KB packet sequence, the score of the SSD card is 592 MB and Score IOPS is 152K. While the local hard disk is only 118MB, the Spool IOPS is only 30290.

Random writing

Test command: fio-name iops-rw=randwrite-bs=4k-runtime=60-iodepth 32-filename / dev/sda6-ioengine libaio-direct=1

SATA

Jobs: 1 (fission 1): [W] [100.0% done] [0K/548K / s] [0 / 134 iops] [eta 00m:00s]

SAS

Jobs: 1 (fission 1): [W] [100.0% done] [0K/2000K / s] [0 / 512 iops] [eta 00m:00s]

SSD

Jobs: 1 (fission 1): [W] [100.0% done] [0K/549M / s] [0 / 140K iops] [eta 00m:00s]

In the following random write operation of 4KB packets, the SSD card once again demonstrated its excellent IO performance, up to the random write rate of 549MB/S, and the IOPS as high as 140K. By contrast, the random read and write of the local hard disk is only 548KB, the Scenti IOPS is 134.

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