Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

Table of contents:

(1) understand the structure of IPv6

(2) configure IPv6

(1) understand the structure of IPv6

IPv6 is the abbreviation of Internet Protocol Version 6 (Internet Protocol version 6). It is the next generation IP protocol designed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) to replace IPv4. The number of addresses claims to be able to compile an address for every grain of sand in the world. The biggest problem of IPv4 lies in the limited network address resources, which seriously restricts the application and development of the Internet. The use of IPv6 can not only solve the problem of the number of network address resources, but also solve the obstacles for a variety of access devices to connect to the Internet.

(1.2) in order to solve the problem of shortage of IPv4 addresses, the first way we use NAT network address translation solution, for example, our company intranet uses a private address, and then through the router NAT translation, after coming out into a public network address, you can communicate with the host of the public network address in the Internet. In the second way, we use DHCP dynamic host configuration protocol, that is, dynamic address allocation, so as to achieve efficient use of IP addresses to alleviate the problem of lack of IP addresses. Using DHCP to assign IP addresses has the concept of lease, and each IP address has a certain lease term. When the lease period expires, the IP address will be reassigned according to the rules of dynamic allocation. The third way is to use IPv6 to rebuild the internet. because IPv6 has larger address space and smaller routing table, and IPv6 adds enhanced multicast support and convection control, IPv6 adds support for automatic configuration, which is an improvement and extension of DHCP protocol, which makes network management more convenient and faster, and IPv6 has higher security. The encryption and authentication options provide the confidentiality and integrity of packets, as well as IPv6 allows expansion, with a better header format, so that IPv6 technology can well solve the problem of shortage of IP addresses.

IPv4 is the binary of 32bit, while IPv6 uses the binary of 128bit. Now we divide the IPv6 into eight parts, each of which is 16bit, separated by a colon, and we know that four binary numbers can be converted into a hexadecimal number, so in the first layer we can convert 128bit binary numbers into 32-bit hexadecimal numbers. In the second layer, we can use the leading zero compression method. If a part starts with 0, we can omit 0, for example, 0001Murray-> 1, so that we can further simplify the format of IPv6 addresses. In the third layer, according to the double colon method, if there are multiple zeros, we can omit 0 and replace it with a colon, and only one double colon is allowed in the environment. In this way, we get the IPv6 address in a relatively simple and easy-to-read format.

(1.4) when we query the IP address, we will see a string of addresses that begin with "fe80". This is a special address, similar to the address in the 169.254.0.0 network segment. Generally, when we obtain the IP address through DHCP or use dial-up access to the Internet, our computer does not get the corresponding IP address. Finally, our IP address shows the status.

(1.5) sometimes there is an address that begins with "fec0" in the system, which is similar to the private address in IPv4. For example, the private address of Class A: 10.0.0.0Universe 10.255.255.255Category B private address: 172.16.0.0lash 16reply 172.31.0.0Universe 16Magi C private address: 192.168.0.0Uniplic24, 192.168.255.0and24.

(2) configure IPv6

Generally speaking, we can configure IPv6 in three ways, namely, graphical interface configuration, command line configuration and configuration file modification. First of all, we operate through the first graphical interface, we operate on the vms001 host, change the IPv6 configuration to "manual" mode, then enter the IP address and subnet mask, and then click Save and close.

# nm-connection-editor &

Then we restart the network service and query the IP address information of the network card and find that the address of the IPv6 has already taken effect.

Note: if sometimes we cannot restart the network service after configuration, we can stop the NetworkManager service and then try to restart it.

# systemctl stop NetworkManager.service--- stop NetworkManager service

(2.3) the second way we configure through the command line, we look at the vms002 host and do not set IPv6 related information, at this time we can first set the network card to obtain the IP address to automatic mode, and then set the network card IPv6 address to 2000 IPv6 IPv6 2, and finally set the network card mode to manual mode (figure 2-6). After we restart the network, the network card already has the correct IPv6 address we set (figure 2-7).

# nmcli connection

# nmcli connection show eno16777728 | grep ipv6--- queries whether the IPv6 address of the Nic is set.

# nmcli connection modify eno16777728 ipv6.method auto--- sets the IP address obtained by the network card to automatic mode

# nmcli connection modify eno16777728 ipv6.addresses 2000 rig 2 hand 64 Murray-set the IPv6 address of the network card to 2000 rig 2

# nmcli connection modify eno16777728 ipv6.method manual--- sets the mode of Nic to manual mode

Third, we configure the configuration by modifying the configuration file. We can go to the / etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ directory of the vms002 host to set the IPV6ADDR value of the ifcfg-eno16777728 configuration file to 2000 IPV6ADDR 3, and then restart the network and find that the IP address has been successfully set (figure 2-9).

(2.5) at this time, we set the address of the IPv6 on the vms002 host to 2000 ping, and then we try to ping to the IPv6 address of the vms001 host, 2000 ping, and we find that it is possible to communicate with ping normally.

# ping6 2000 ping from vms002 host to vms001 host

-this is the end of this article. Thank you for reading-

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