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This article shows you how the EMC standard structure is divided and classified, the content is concise and easy to understand, it can definitely brighten your eyes. I hope you can get something through the detailed introduction of this article.

The EMC standard is similar to the standard system framework of most other organizations, which adopts the standard classification method of the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). From a large point of view, the standard category can be divided into basic standards, general standards, product standards, in which product standards can be divided into series product standards and special product standards. Each type of standard includes emission (EMI) and immunity (EMS).

1. EMC basic standard

The basic EMC standard sets out the general and basic conditions or rules for achieving electromagnetic compatibility, which are related to and can be applied to all series of products, systems or facilities involved in EMC issues, but do not specify emission restrictions or immunity criteria for products. They are the basis or references for the development of other EMC standards, such as general standards or product standards.

The contents of the basic standards include: terminology, description of electromagnetic phenomena, specification of compatibility level, general requirements of disturbance emission restrictions, measurement, test techniques and methods, test grade, description and classification of environment, and so on. Typical EMC basic standards such as IEC61000,GB/T 17626 and so on.

2. EMC General Standard

The general EMC standard is about the electromagnetic compatibility standard in a specific environment. It sets out a set of minimum basic requirements and measurement / test procedures that can be applied to all products or systems working in that particular environment. If a product does not have a series of product standards or special product standards, a general EMC standard can be used.

The general EMC standard divides specific environments into two broad categories:

1) Residential, commercial and light industrial environment

a. Living environment such as residence, apartment

b. Business environment such as shops, supermarkets and other retail outlets, office buildings, banks and other business buildings, cinemas, Internet cafes and other places of public entertainment

c. Light industrial environment such as small factories, laboratories, etc.

Among them, the typical general standard of EMC in living environment is GB 17799.3 and so on.

2) Industrial environment

Such as large inductive load or capacitive load frequently switching place, high current and strong magnetic field place and so on. The formulation of general EMC standards must refer to EMC basic standards, because they do not include detailed measurement and test methods and equipment needed for measurement and testing. The general EMC standard contains relevant launch (limitation) and immunity (performance determination) requirements as well as corresponding measurement and test regulations. The general EMC standard specifies only a limited number of requirements and measurement / test methods in order to achieve the best technical / economic results, but this does not hinder the requirement that the product should be designed to work properly for all kinds of electromagnetic disturbances in a given environment. The general standards in typical industrial environment are GB 17799.4 and so on.

3. EMC product standard

Product EMC standard can be further divided into series product EMC standard and special product EMC standard according to the size of the product range and the characteristics of the product.

* * the EMC standard for series products refers to a group of similar products, systems or facilities for which the same EMC standard can be used. * * EMC standards for series products specify specific EMC (including emission and immunity) requirements, restrictions, and measurement / test procedures for specific product categories. Compared with general standards, product category standards contain more particularity and detailed performance requirements, as well as product operating conditions. The range of product categories can be wide or narrow. For example, EN55014, EN55015, EN55022, EN55011 and EN55013 are standards for the measurement and limits of radio disturbance characteristics of household appliances and power tools, lighting, information technology equipment, engineering medical radio frequency equipment, sound and radio and television receiving equipment, respectively. These standards represent the emission limits of electromagnetic disturbance for a large category of products.

The EMC standard for series products shall adopt the measurement / test method specified in the basic EMC standard, and its test and limitation or performance judgment criteria must be compatible with the general EMC standard. The EMC standard of the system product is adopted first than the general EMC standard. Series product standards include more specific and detailed performance criteria than general standards.

* * EMC standards for dedicated products are EMC standards developed for specific products, systems or facilities. * * some special conditions must be considered according to the characteristics of these products, and they adopt the same rules as the EMC standards for series products. The EMC standard for specialized products should be adopted preferentially to the EMC standard for series products. Limits that are different from the specified emission limits are allowed only in special cases. When determining the immunity requirements of the product, the special functional characteristics of the product must be taken into account, and the EMC standard of the special product should give accurate performance criteria. Therefore, it is reasonable to have differences between product standards and series product standards or general standards. For example, YD/T 1032-2000 for mobile phones belongs to the product standard category.

To sum up, the EMC basic standard mainly describes the EMC phenomenon, defines the EMC test method, equipment, and defines the level. The EMC general standard is divided according to the equipment use environment. When the product does not have a specific product class standard to follow, the general standard can be used for EMC testing. The EMC product class standard is an EMC test standard for a certain product family, which will quote the basic standard, but will also put forward more and more detailed product test regulations according to the particularity of the product. Under normal circumstances, when there is an EMC product standard, we should follow the product standard to test and judge the test result, but when there is no corresponding product standard, we can judge the EMC result based on the general standard.

The above is what the division and classification of the standard structure of EMC is like. Have you learned any knowledge or skills? If you want to learn more skills or enrich your knowledge reserve, you are welcome to follow the industry information channel.

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