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The content of this article mainly focuses on what is the efficient method of switching directories in the Linux system. The content of the article is clear and clear. It is very suitable for beginners to learn and is worth reading. Interested friends can follow the editor to read together. I hope you can get something through this article!

We all know that everything in the Linux system is a file, so if you simply use the cd command to switch between files, the efficiency is very low.

For directory switching under Linux, you will definitely think of a command: the cd command. This is the most basic order under Linux. If you don't know this command, you should kill yourself by caesarean section.

The cd command is really convenient, but if you need to switch frequently in the following directories, you may want to doubt your life:

/ home/alvin/projects/blogdemos/linux-system-programming/thread/home/alvin/projects/blogdemos/diff/home/harry/study/ Japanese Culture / Sino-Japanese Exchange / Film and Television Industry / Action Film

If you can only cd commands, then you need to keep cd until you go crazy.

In this case, how can we efficiently switch directories? Liangxu introduces you to three commands: pushd, popd, and dirs.

In fact, these three commands operate on the directory stack, and the directory stack is a stack structure that saves the directory, and the top of the stack structure always stores the current directory (knock on the blackboard, key point! ).

Students with a basic programming foundation know that stacks follow the principle of last-in, first-out. In other words, in the stack structure, the elements that enter the stack will leave the stack first.

After reviewing the basic concepts, let's elaborate on these three commands.

Show contents of directory stack: dirs

The first is dirs. This command is simple enough to display the contents of the directory stack. It has the following three common options:

Option meaning-p displays one record per line-v displays one record per row, while showing the record in the stack index-c empties the catalog stack

The difference between the-p and-v options is that the-v option displays the index of each record on the stack, which is exactly the same. If there is a catalog stack now, let's see what's in it:

[alvin@VM_0_16_centos diff] $dirs-c [Alvin @ VM_0_16_centos diff] $dirs-v 0 ~ / projects/blogdemos/diff

Note that the topmost element is always the same as the current directory, and if you look at the directory stack in another directory, the first element will change accordingly. Similarly, if you use the pushd and popd described later to manipulate the directory stack, the current directory will switch to the address corresponding to the first element of the directory stack.

If we want to empty the directory stack, just use the-c option.

[alvin@VM_0_16_centos diff] $dirs-c [Alvin @ VM_0_16_centos diff] $dirs-v 0 ~ / projects/blogdemos/diff

Push into the directory stack: pushd

After each execution of the pushd command, a dirs command is executed by default to display the contents of the directory stack. The main uses of pushd are as follows:

1. Pushd + directory

If pushd is used directly with a directory, it changes to that directory and places the directory at the top of the directory stack. Example:

[alvin@VM_0_16_centos test] $pushd dir1~/test/dir1 ~ / test/dir1 [Alvin @ VM_0_16_centos dir1] $pushd.. / dir2~/test/dir2 ~ / test/dir1 ~ / Testt [Alvin @ VM_0_16_centos dir2] $pushd.. / dir3~/test/dir3 ~ / test/dir2 ~ / test/dir1 ~ / Testt [alvin @ VM_0_16_centos dir3] $dirs-v 0 ~ / test0 / test.Test.Test.Test

2. Pushd (without any parameters)

The effect of pushd execution without any parameters is to swap the two directories at the top of the directory stack. As we emphasized earlier, the first element of the directory stack is related to the current directory, so when the first element changes, the current directory will switch accordingly, and vice versa.

[alvin@VM_0_16_centos dir3] $dirs-v 0 ~ / test/dir3 1 ~ / test/dir2 2 ~ / test/dir1 3 ~ / pwd/home/alvin/test/ [Alvin @ VM_0_16_centos dir3] $pwd/home/alvin/test/ dir3 [Alvin @ VM_0_16_centos dir3] $pushd~/test/dir2 ~ / test/dir3 ~ / test/dir1 ~ / Testt [Alvin @ VM_0_16_centos dir2] $pwd/home/alvin/test/dir2 # occurs in the corresponding directory Change the contents of [alvin@VM_0_16_centos dir2] $dirs-v 0 ~ / test/dir2 1 ~ / test/dir3 # indexes 0 and 1 to switch 2 ~ / test/dir1 3 ~ / test

* 3. Pushd + /-n *

Pushd + /-n is to change directly to the directory of the corresponding index value. Note that you can use either the plus sign or the minus sign here. If it is a plus sign, it will be counted from top to bottom from the directory stack, while with a minus sign, it will be counted from the bottom to the top of the directory stack.

Then back to the question at the beginning of this article, what if we want to switch frequently between two or more directories with long paths?

First, we add these paths to the directory stack as pushd + directories

Then, use pushd + /-n to quickly switch between different directories. The specific demonstration is as follows:

[alvin@VM_0_16_centos dir2] $pwd/home/alvin/test/ dir2 [alvin @ VM_0_16_centos dir2] $dirs-v 0 ~ / test/dir2 1 ~ / test/dir3 2~/test/dir1 3 ~ / test/dir3 2~/test/dir1 [alvin @ VM_0_16_centos dir2] $pushd + 2~/test/dir1 ~ / test ~ / test/dir2 ~ / test/ dir3 [alvin @ VM_0_16_centos dir1] $pwd/home/alvin/test/ dir1 [alvin @ VM_0] _ 16_centos dir1] $dirs-v 0 / test/dir1 1 ~ / test 2 ~ / test/dir2 3 ~ / test/dir3

Pop-up directory stack: popd

After each execution of the popd command, a dirs command is executed by default to display the contents of the directory stack. The main uses of popd are as follows:

1. Popd (without any parameters)

The effect of popd execution without any parameters is to unstack the top element in the directory stack. At this point, the elements at the top of the stack change, and naturally the current directory will switch accordingly.

[alvin@VM_0_16_centos dir3] $dirs-v 0 ~ / test/dir3 1 ~ / test/dir1 2 ~ / test 3 ~ / test/ dir2 [alvin @ VM_0_16_centos dir3] $popd~/test/dir1 ~ / test ~ / test/ dir2 [alvin @ VM_0_16_centos dir1] $dirs-v 0 ~ / test/dir1 1 ~ / test 2 ~ / test/dir2

2. Popd + /-n

Delete the nth element in the directory stack. Similarly, the plus and minus sign means to count from the top down or from the bottom up.

[alvin@VM_0_16_centos dir1] $dirs-v 0 ~ / test/dir1 1~/test 2 ~ / test/ dir2 [Alvin @ VM_0_16_centos dir1] $popd + 1~/test/dir1 ~ / test/ dir2 [Alvin @ VM_0_16_centos dir1] $dirs-v 0 ~ / test/dir1 1~/test/ dir2

What is Linux system Linux is a free-to-use and free-spread UNIX-like operating system, is a POSIX-based multi-user, multi-task, multi-threaded and multi-CPU operating system, using Linux can run major Unix tools, applications and network protocols.

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