In addition to Weibo, there is also WeChat
Please pay attention
WeChat public account
Shulou
2025-01-16 Update From: SLTechnology News&Howtos shulou NAV: SLTechnology News&Howtos > Database >
Share
Shulou(Shulou.com)06/01 Report--
1. Prepare to install the package
Linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
Linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
Rlwrap-0.30.tar.gz
two。 Installation dependency
Establish a local yum source first (briefly)
1) check whether the dependency package is complete
/ / View the packages that have been installed
Rpm-qa binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel expat gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make pdksh sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel
/ / View installed and uninstalled packages
Rpm-Q binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel expat gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make pdksh sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel
2) install all
/ / install all
Yum-y install binutils compat-libstdc++-33 elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel expat gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make pdksh sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel
(there may be packages that are not available in yum, which can be copied locally for installation, such as the pdksh package)
Create users and groups
Groupadd oinstall
Groupadd dba
Groupadd asmadmin
Groupadd asmdba
Useradd-g oinstall-G dba,asmdba oracle-d / home/oracle
View oracle users
Id oracle
Initialize oracle user password
Passwd oracle
View oracle users
Id oracle
Initialize oracle user password
Passwd oracle
4 configure hostname
Vim / etc/hosts
192.168.1.18 centos-oracle
This is your own ip. If you want to change your name, you should change it as well.
Test hostname
Ping-c 3 centos-oracle
4.1 optimize os kernel parameters
Check the system memory size and swap area
[root@dbserver /] # grep MemTotal / proc/meminfo
[root@dbserver /] # grep SwapTotal / proc/meminfo
Vim / etc/sysctl.conf
Fs.aio-max-nr=1048576
Fs.file-max=6815744
Kernel.shmall=2097152
Kernel.shmmni=4096
Kernel.shmmax = 1073741824 (preferably half of the system memory)
Kernel.sem=250 32000 100 128
Net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range=9000 65500
Net.core.rmem_default=262144
Net.core.rmem_max=4194304
Net.core.wmem_default=262144
Net.core.wmem_max=1048586
Make the parameter effective
Sysctl-p
5 restrict the shell permissions of oracle users
Vim / etc/security/limits.conf
Oracle soft nproc 2047
Oracle hard nproc 16384
Oracle soft nofile 1024
Oracle hard nofile 65536
Vim / etc/pam.d/login
Session required / lib64/security/pam_limits.so
Session required pam_limits.so
Vim / etc/profile
If [$USER = "oracle"]; then
If [$SHELL = "/ bin/ksh"]; then
Ulimit-p 16384
Ulimit-n 65536
Else
Ulimit-u 16384-n 65536
Fi
Fi
6 create an oracle installation directory
1. Plan one.
Mkdir-p / opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0
Mkdir / opt / app/oracle/oradata
Mkdir / opt / app/oracle/inventory
Mkdir / opt / app/oracle/fast_recovery_area
Chown-R oracle:oinstall / opt / app/oracle
Chmod-R 775 / opt / app/oracle
two。 Plan two.
Mkdir-p / db/app/oracle/product/11.2.0
Mkdir / db/app/oracle/oradata
Mkdir / db/app/oracle/inventory
Mkdir / db/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area
Chown-R oracle:oinstall / db/app/oracle
Chmod-R 775 / db/app/oracle
7 configure oracle user environment variables
Su-oracle
Vim .bash _ profile
Umask 022
Export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=centos-oracle
Export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/app/oracle
Export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/
Export ORACLE_SID=ORCL
Export PATH=.:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin:$PATH
Export LC_ALL= "en_US"
Export LANG= "en_US"
Export NLS_LANG= "AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK"
Export NLS_DATE_FORMAT= "YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"
Umask 022
Export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=centos-oracle
Export ORACLE_BASE=/db/app/oracle
Export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/
Export ORACLE_SID=ORCL
Export PATH=.:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/OPatch:$ORACLE_HOME/jdk/bin:$PATH
Export LC_ALL= "en_US"
Export LANG= "en_US"
Export NLS_LANG= "AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK"
Export NLS_DATE_FORMAT= "YYYY-MM-DD HH24:MI:SS"
After the above configuration is completed, it is recommended to restart the system.
Source .bash _ profile
Reboot
8. Upload and extract oracle compressed files to / db
Cd / opt/
Unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip-d / db
Unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip-d / db
After decompression is completed
Mkdir / opt/etc/
Cp / opt/database/response/* / opt/etc/
Vim / opt/etc/db_install.rsp
Mkdir / db/etc/
Cp / db/database/response/* / db/etc/
Vim / db/etc/db_install.rsp
Set relevant parameters
Oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/opt/app/oracle/inventory
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=centos-oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0
ORACLE_BASE=/opt/app/oracle
Oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
Oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=true
Oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
Oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=dba
Oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE / / database type
Oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl # globalDBName
Oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl # SID (* * Note here is consistent with the configuration SID in the environment variable)
Oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=81920 # automatically manages memory of memory (M)
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=false # (false is manually written)
Oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=123456
Oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=123456
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true / / must be set to true
Optional item
/ / oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=oracle # set all database users to use the same password
Start installation
Su-oracle
Cd / opt/database
. / runInstaller-silent-ignorePrereq-responseFile / opt/etc/db_install.rsp
. / runInstaller-silent-ignorePrereq-responseFile / db/etc/db_install.rsp
(note: the problem of page jump may occur during operation
The following actions are required:
Su root
# xhost +
Su oracle
Continue with the installation. )
During installation, you can open another window and use the tail command to monitor the installation log of oracle
Tail-f / opt/app/oracle/inventory/logs/installActions2017-07-12, 03-48-29PM.log
Note: the date followed by this log file is different from your own. According to the prompt, copy your correct log path.
The installation will prompt Successfully Setup Software in the original window.
At this time, do not move the original window, operate under the new window
Su root
Sh / opt/app/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh
Sh / opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh
Sh / db/app/oracle/inventory/orainstRoot.sh
Sh / db/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/root.sh
After the execution is complete, you can type enter in the original window to resume the operation.
10 configure silent monitoring
Su-oracle
Netca / silent / responsefile / opt/etc/netca.rsp
Netca / silent / responsefile / db/etc/netca.rsp
Note that this step may lead to situations where the netca command cannot be used, and part 7 needs to be checked and re-source.
View listening port
Netstat-tnulp | grep 1521
If the netstat command yum install net-tools.x86_64 cannot be found
11. Silently create a database
Vi / opt/etc/dbca.rsp
GDBNAME = "orcl"
SID = "orcl"
SYSPASSWORD = "oracle"
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle"
SYSMANPASSWORD = "oracle"
DBSNMPPASSWORD = "oracle"
DATAFILEDESTINATION = / opt/app/oracle/oradata
RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/opt/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area
CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8"
TOTALMEMORY = "1638"
SOURCEDB = "orcl"
INSTANCENAME = "orcl"
Vi / db/etc/dbca.rsp
GDBNAME = "orcl"
SID = "orcl"
SYSPASSWORD = "oracle"
SYSTEMPASSWORD = "oracle"
SYSMANPASSWORD = "oracle"
DBSNMPPASSWORD = "oracle"
DATAFILEDESTINATION = / db/app/oracle/oradata
RECOVERYAREADESTINATION=/db/app/oracle/fast_recovery_area
CHARACTERSET = "AL32UTF8"
TOTALMEMORY = "1638"
SOURCEDB = "orcl"
INSTANCENAME = "orcl"
Perform silent database construction
Dbca-silent-responseFile / opt/etc/dbca.rsp
Dbca-silent-responseFile / db/etc/dbca.rsp
.
View the oracle instance process after completion
Ps-ef | grep ora_ | grep-v grep
View monitoring status
Lsnrctl status
Install rlwrap
Install rlwrap to support Oracle sqlplus can not use direction keys, use direction keys garbled and other problems
After downloading, remove the .zip extension and upload it to the Linux server
When installing rlwrap, prompt that you need to install readline
Just use yum-y install readline*.
Install rlwrap
[root@oracle11g ~] # tar-zxvf rlwrap-0.30.tar.gz
[root@oracle11g ~] # cd rlwrap-0.30
[root@oracle11g rlwrap-0.30] #. / configure
[root@oracle11g rlwrap-0.30] # make
[root@oracle11g rlwrap-0.30] # make install
[root@oracle11g rlwrap-0.30] # rlwrap
Usage: rlwrap [options] command...
Options:
-a [password:]-- always-readline [= password:]
-A-- ansi-colour-aware
-b-- break-chars=
-c-- complete-filenames
-C-- command-name=
-D-- history-no-dupes=
-f-- file=
-F-- history-format=
-h-- help
-H-- history-filename=
-I-- case-insensitive
-l-- logfile=
-n-- no-warnings
-p [ANSI colour spec]-- prompt-colour [= ANSI colour spec]
-P-- pre-given=
-Q-- quote-characters=
-m [newline substitute]-- multi-line [= newline substitute]
-r-- remember
-v-- version
-s-- histsize= (negative: readonly)
-t-- set-term-name=
[root@oracle11g rlwrap-0.30] # vi / home/oracle/.bash_profile
Add
Alias sqlplus='rlwrap sqlplus'
Alias rman='rlwrap rman'
Installation of possible errors
Rlwrap: error while loadingshared libraries: libreadline.so.5: cannot open shared object file: No suchfile or directory
Solution:
Add / usr/local/bin path to $PATH path in .bash _ profile under oracle
PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH;export PATH
Modify initialization location
Find .bash _ profile in the oracle user root directory
Su-oracle
[oracle@centos-oracle] $ls-a
[oracle@centos-oracle ~] $vim .bash _ profile
Make a copy of everything you just added to the installation process.
[oracle@centos-oracle ~] $vim .bashrc paste into this file
[oracle@centos-oracle ~] $source .bashrc
14. Start the database
After the oracle database is installed, only sys users can enter it. You need to start the database before other users can use it.
[oracle@centos-oracle ~] $sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Oct 18 15:37:44 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL >
If the following error occurs
SQL > startup
ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
LRM-00109: could not open parameter file'/ db/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/initORCL.ora'
SQL >
Solution:
[oracle@dbserver dbs] $cd / db/app/oracle/admin/orcl/pfile/
[oracle@dbserver pfile] $ls
Init.ora.6242012174552
[oracle@dbserver pfile] $cp init.ora.6242012174552 / db/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbs/
Change the name format to: initORACLE_SID.ora
[oracle@dbserver dbs] $mv init.ora.6242012174552 initORCL.ora
Restart the database
[oracle@centos-oracle ~] $sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Wed Oct 18 15:37:44 2017
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL >
SQL > startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 1720328192 bytes
Fixed Size 2214056 bytes
Variable Size 1006634840 bytes
Database Buffers 704643072 bytes
Redo Buffers 6836224 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL >
Start successfully.
Tips: ora-01102 appears:
Reason for occurrence: there is a "sgadef.dbf" file or lk* file in DBS /. These two files are used to lock memory. B, the pmon,smon,lgwr and dbwr processes of oraclel have not been shut down normally. C, after the database is closed, the shared memory or semaphore is still occupied. The Lk data database is already in MOUNT state, so you don't have to MOUNT it again. When DATABASE is UNmount, it will be deleted automatically. If DATABASE does not have MOUNT, the problem still exists and can only be deleted manually.
Solution:
Cd / $ORACLE_HOME/dbs
$ORACLE_HOME/dbs > ll lk*
/ / View processes and users using lkORCL files
/ sbin/fuser-u lkORCL
/ / use fuser-k lkORCL to release the access process
/ sbin/fuser-k lkORCL
And then restart it.
15. View the database
View instance status
Select status from v$instance
View database coding
Select userenv ('language') from dual
Activate scott user
Alter user scott account unlock
Alter user scott identified by tiger
View users
Select * from all_users
16.oracle snooping start, stop, view commands
Su oracle
Then start the listener.
Lsnrctl start
You will see the interface that starts successfully.
Lsnrctl stop
Stop listener command.
Lsnrctl status
Check the listener commands.
View listening port
Netstat-tnulp | grep 1521
Power-on self-start monitoring
Su root
[root@centos-oracle ~] # vim .bashrc
Add lsnrctl start at the bottom of the file
Save exit
17.firewall firewall
Start and shut down
Systemctl start firewalld # start, systemctl enable firewalld # boot systemctl restart firewalld # restart systemctl stop firewalld # shut down systemctl disable firewalld # cancel boot
Specific rule management using firewall-cmd
Description:
-zone scope
-add-port=8080/tcp add port, format: Port / communication protocol
-permanent # is in effect forever. Without this parameter, it will expire after restart.
View running status
[root@localhost /] # firewall-cmd-- state
Running
[root@localhost /] #
View all open ports in the specified area
[root@localhost /] # firewall-cmd-zone=public-list-port
5055-5060/tcp
Open designated port
[root@centos-oracle] # firewall-cmd-zone=public-add-port=1521/tcp-permanent
Success
[root@centos-oracle ~] #
Port forwarding
Firewall-cmd-add-forward-port=port=80:proto=tcp:toport=8080-permanent
18. Modify the listening file
Cd / db/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/network/admin
Find the listener.ora file
The modifications are as follows:
The modifications are as follows:
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = / opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = ORCL)
(ORACLE_HOME = / opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/)
(SID_NAME = ORCL)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC) (KEY = EXTPROC1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) (HOST = centos-oracle) (PORT = 1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = / opt/app/oracle
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = / db/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
(SID_DESC =
(GLOBAL_DBNAME = ORCL)
(ORACLE_HOME = / db/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/)
(SID_NAME = ORCL)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC) (KEY = EXTPROC1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP) (HOST = centos-oracle) (PORT = 1521))
)
)
ADR_BASE_LISTENER = / db/app/oracle
19. Set boot self-boot
Cd / etc
Vim oratab
If not, create a new one.
Join orcl:/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0:Y
Give oratab execution permission
Chmod 777 / etc/oratab
Vim / etc/rc.d/rc.local
Modify
Su-oracle-lc "/ opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/lsnrctl start"
Su-oracle-lc "/ opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/dbstart"
Su-oracle-lc "/ db/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/lsnrctl start"
Su-oracle-lc "/ db/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin/dbstart"
Chmod 777 / etc/rc.d/rc.local
Cd / opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin
Cd / db/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/bin
Vim dbstart
Change $1 to $ORACLE_HOME, as follows:
# ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME
Restart the linux system and check whether the oracle starts automatically
Welcome to subscribe "Shulou Technology Information " to get latest news, interesting things and hot topics in the IT industry, and controls the hottest and latest Internet news, technology news and IT industry trends.
Views: 0
*The comments in the above article only represent the author's personal views and do not represent the views and positions of this website. If you have more insights, please feel free to contribute and share.
Continue with the installation of the previous hadoop.First, install zookooper1. Decompress zookoope
"Every 5-10 years, there's a rare product, a really special, very unusual product that's the most un
© 2024 shulou.com SLNews company. All rights reserved.