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The editor of this article introduces in detail "what are the ways to correctly understand and deal with malware", the content is detailed, the steps are clear, and the details are handled properly. I hope that this article "what are the ways to correctly understand and deal with malware" can help you solve your doubts.

1. Recognize malware

Malware refers to newly developed or modified software that can cause damage to computer devices. It's actually malicious code for a variety of different purposes. The main functions are to obtain confidential data, steal identity, hijack traffic and operating system, encrypt digital assets and monitor users. Malware can be divided into the following types:

01. Virus

As the most widely spread malware, a virus is self-replicating malicious code that is attached to or built into an executable file to reduce user alertness. Once executed, the virus can infect other applications and continue to replicate itself. Viruses can be transmitted via mail and hardware (USB keys and other computer external accessories). Viruses are usually designed with stealth technology to avoid detection by antivirus software.

02. Worms

Worms and viruses are often confused. Indeed, the two are similar in many ways, except that worms are self-executable files. They do not require user activation and can execute and copy themselves on multiple computers. Powerful worms are self-regulating and even self-healing, and Stuxnet is the most striking example.

03. Trojan horse

Trojans are shields for malicious code. They masquerade as harmless applications that induce users to download the application from a website or copy it from an external storage device. Video players, games and other free Internet services are common baits to lure users into downloading Trojans. An important feature of Trojans is that they cannot be executed automatically and need the help of the target victim to infect other applications.

04. Spyware, blackmail and keyloggin

As far as the method of transmission is concerned, viruses, worms and Trojans all belong to the first category of malware. Malware can also be subdivided by function. For example, keystroke logging, spyware, and ransomware are all spread through viruses, worms, or Trojans. Keystroke logging records every instruction the user enters on the computer, including passwords, credit card information, and any other sensitive data. After the deployment of spyware, cameras and microphones can be secretly activated to collect information about the operating environment and secretly monitor users. Ransomware attacks target users and companies with high-value data assets. Once activated, the blackmail software can encrypt and hijack the entire database and decrypt the data only after the ransom is obtained.

05.Rootkit, RAT and back door

Rootkit, RAT, and backdoors are sophisticated malware designed to gain or bypass the highest privileges on the computer. Once deployed, an attacker can gain privileged access to the Root system through Rootkit. Two different types of malware, RAT and backdoor, are designed to provide remote secret access to the victim's computer, so attackers can remotely and legally monitor and execute applications. Eliminate misunderstandings about malware. First, although malware is destructive, its function is sometimes an essential tool for legitimate activities. For example, RAT and spyware can be used for remote work such as work progress monitoring and remote technical support. Therefore, the purpose of the use of the software determines whether it is malicious or legal. Second, although malware is mostly aimed at vulnerabilities in Microsoft's Windows system, it does not mean that it will only attack Windows. As of March 2017, various versions of Windows accounted for about 90 per cent of the operating system market, indicating its popularity among ordinary users and making it an ideal target for attackers to exploit its vulnerabilities and develop tools to infect as many users as possible. But if you open a malicious link in a phishing email and enter personal information on a fraudulent website, the result is the same regardless of whether the victim's operating system is Linux, Windows or MAC OS. Third, not using or using multiple antivirus software at the same time does not play a protective role, and restoring the calculator to the factory configuration does not completely eliminate malware. Different antivirus software may not be compatible with each other and will treat each other as malicious programs. Malware can infect firmware or be hidden in unformatted partitions and personal file backups of hard drives, and formatting and restoring Windows systems may not eradicate malware.

two。 Identify malware

01. Pop-up message

Blackmail software, advertising software will pop up messages, or provide browser redirect links to urge users to act immediately or to indicate that the normal function of the system cannot be restored. These pop-up messages are clear signs of malware. In particular, fraudulent toolbars and other browser redirects are highly misleading. By enticing victims to install other malware and provide personal and bank information, these tools expose infected computers to more risk. In some cases, malware disables antivirus programs and firewalls on computers, leaving victims defenseless. Because malware can cause compatibility problems and conflict with other applications, such multiple penetration can eventually crash the system.

02. The network speed slows down.

Slow speed and network performance are also reliable initial signs of an attack on the system. Once installed, malware can run in the background of the system for a long time. Because malware executes commands and takes up network speed, this naturally consumes additional processors, RAM, hard drives, and network capacity, and ultimately weakens system performance. 03. Victims of abnormal behavior may find their IP addresses blacklisted or told by friends and relatives that they have sent abnormal messages because malware such as Rootkit and keystroke logging can turn the victim's computer into a botnet.

3. Fight against malware

First, individuals should always be vigilant. Non-technical personnel should be alert to suspicious emails, and phishing is the primary attack strategy for grass-roots employees. Verifying identity and downloading source legitimacy are effective basic measures to defend against attacks. Second, anti-malware with good performance should be installed on each computer. In general, as long as powerful and up-to-date anti-malware is installed, the computer can provide automated operations, such as quarantining or deleting malware and infected files. Third, users should obtain regular security updates and patches to ensure the normal functionality of anti-malware. Fourth, report the details of the intrusion to the security personnel or person in charge of the organization. In some complex cases, the operating system does not function properly and it is almost impossible for users to execute anti-malware in a normal operating environment. The reporting mechanism allows technicians to quickly provide assistance and identify corresponding measures, such as disconnecting the Internet, controlling malware, and reporting to law enforcement. For security personnel, the information collected from malware is very helpful in testing and strengthening existing programs, raising security awareness, and defending against malware.

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