Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

Implementation 1 uses kickstart semi-automated installation of the CentOS system (CentOS6) 1.1.What is a kickstart installation?

The answer file when installing the system, which includes answers to all questions that may be asked during a typical installation.

1.2 KICKSTART Configurator (Configurator)

Kickstart Configurator allows you to create and modify kickstart files using a graphical user interface, so you need to remember the correct syntax of the file.

By default, Kickstart Configurator is not installed in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6. Run yum install system-config-kickstart, or install the software using the graphical package manager.

To start Kickstart Configurator, boot the system to the graphical environment and run system-config-kickstart, or click the application → system tools → Kickstart on the GNOME desktop, or click start Application launcher + Application → system → Kickstart on the KDE desktop.

When you create a kickstart file, you can select File → Preview at any time to view the current selection.

To modify an existing kickstart file, select File → Open File and select the file.

1.2.1 basic configuration

1.2.2 installation method

1.2.3 Bootloader option

1.2.4 Division Information

1.2.5 Network configuration

1.2.6 Certification

1.2.7 Firewall and selinux configuration

1.2.8 display configuration

1.2.9 package selection

1.2.10 pre-installation script

1.2.11 Post-installation script

1.2.12 Save the file

1.2.13 Open the kickstart file in a browser

1.3 create a new virtual machine and use the kickstart file you just created to complete the installation 1.3.1 basic information

1.3.2 after booting to the CD boot interface, press the ESC key and fill in the location information of the kickstart file

1.3.3 start using the kickstart answer file for automatic installation

2 automatic installation of PXE based on CentOS8 CentOS system 2.1 prepare selinux: close firewalld: close os:centos7ip:192.168.7.812.2 to install the necessary software packages, and start [root@CentOS8 yum.repos.d] # dnf install dhcp-server tftp-server httpd syslinux-nonlinux-y Note: syslinux-nonlinux this package Call syslinux [root @ CentOS8 ~] # systemctl enable-- now httpd tftp dhcpd2.3 to prepare the yum source [root@CentOS8 ~] # mkdir / var/www/html/centos/ {6jue 7 on the 6je 7 system. 8} / isos/x86_64/-p [root@CentOS8 ~] # mount / dev/sr0 / var/www/html/centos/8/isos/x86_64/2.4 prepare the ks file [root@CentOS8] # mkdir / var/www/html/ksdir [root@CentOS8 ~] # cat / var/www/html/ksdir/ks8.cfg ignoredisk-only-use=sdazerombrtextrebootclearpart-all-initlabelselinux-disabledfirewall-disabledurl-url= http://192.168.7.81/centos/8 / isos/x86_64/keyboard-- vckeymap=us-- xlayouts='us'lang en_US.UTF-8network-- bootproto=dhcp-- device=ens160-- ipv6=auto-- activatenetwork-- hostname=centos8-pxerootpw-- iscrypted $6 $nOPs5JTMlP4mhQeW$R/o62B6SXAh4RR.zrZ3U0X4xYX9/u5nSLrR/vqCB6kdO2XFfMk2a4yAgrHJQpXK/e4jzRb0jiLBv2nFMXaBjB/firstboot-- enableskipxservices-- disabled= "chronyd" timezone Asia/Shanghai-- isUtc-- nontpuser-- name=hechunping-password=$6$ oUfb/02CWfLb5l8f$sgEZeR7c7DpqfpmFDH6huSmDbW1XQNR4qKl2EPns.gOXqlnAIgv9pTogtFVaDtEpMOC.SWXKYqxfVtd9MCwxb1-- iscrypted-- gecos= "hechunping" part /-- fstype= "xfs"-- ondisk=sda-- size=102400part / data-- Fstype= "xfs"-ondisk=sda-size=51200part swap-fstype= "swap"-ondisk=sda-size=2048part / boot-fstype= "ext4"-ondisk=sda-size=1024%packages@ ^ environmentkexec-tools%end%addon com_redhat_kdump-enable-reserve-mb='auto'%end%anacondapwpolicy root-minlen=6-minquality=1-notstrict-nochanges-notemptypwpolicy user-minlen=6-minquality=1-notstrict-nochanges-emptyokpwpolicy luks-minlen=6-minquality=1-notstrict-nochanges-notempty % end2.5 dhcp configuration [root@CentOS8 ~] # cp- p / usr/share/doc/dhcp-server/dhcpd.conf.example / etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf [root@CentOS8 ~] # grep-Ev "^ # | ^ $" / etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf option domain-name "example.org" Option domain-name-servers 180.76.76.76223.5.5.5.5.The option domain-name-servers 180.76.76.76223.5.5.5.The defaultMuraseMativeTime 600entMaxMelle time 7200; filename pxelinux.0 local7;subnet 192.168.7.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {range 192.168.7.100 192.168.7.200; next-server 192.168.7.81; filename "pxelinux.0" } [root@CentOS8 ~] # systemctl restart dhcpd2.6 prepare tftp related files [root@CentOS8 ~] # cp-p / usr/share/syslinux/ {pxelinux.0,menu.c32} / var/lib/tftpboot/ [root@CentOS8 ~] # cp-p / var/www/html/centos/8/isos/x86_64/isolinux/ {ldlinux.c32,libcom32.c32 Libutil.c32} / var/lib/tftpboot/ [root@CentOS8 ~] # mkdir / var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/ [root@CentOS8 ~] # cp-p / var/www/html/centos/8/isos/x86_64/isolinux/isolinux.cfg / var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default [root@CentOS8 ~] # cp-p / var/www/html/centos/6/isos/x86_64/isolinux/ {initrd.img Vmlinuz} / var/lib/tftpboot/6/ [root@CentOS8 ~] # cp-p / var/www/html/centos/7/isos/x86_64/isolinux/ {initrd.img,vmlinuz} / var/lib/tftpboot/7/ [root@CentOS8 ~] # cp-p / var/www/html/centos/8/isos/x86_64/isolinux/ {initrd.img Vmlinuz} / var/lib/tftpboot/8/ [root@CentOS8 ~] # tree / var/lib/tftpboot//var/lib/tftpboot/ ├── 6 │ ├── initrd.img │ └── vmlinuz ├── 7 │ ├── initrd.img │ └── vmlinuz ├── 8 │ ├── initrd.img │ └── vmlinuz ├── ldlinux.c32 ├── libcom32.c32 ├── libutil.c32 ├── menu.c32 ─ pxelinux.0 └── pxelinux.cfg └── default2.7 create installation menu [root@CentOS8 ~] # cat / var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default default menu.c32timeout 600menu title CentOS Linux label linux8 menu label Auto Install CentOS Linux ^ 8.0 Mini kernel 8/vmlinuz append initrd=8/initrd.img ks= http://192.168.7.81/ksdir/ks8.cfglabel linux7 menu label Auto Install CentOS Linux ^ 7 Mini kernel 7/vmlinuz append initrd=7/initrd.img ks= http://192.168.7. 81/ksdir/ks7.cfglabel linux6 menu label Auto Install CentOS Linux ^ 6 Mini kernel 6/vmlinuz append initrd=6/initrd.img ks= http://192.168.7.81/ksdir/ks6.cfglabel manual menu label ^ Manual Install CentOS Linux 8.0 kernel vmlinuz append initrd=initrd.img inst.repo= http://192.168.7.81/centos/8/isos/x86_64/label local menu default menu label Boot from ^ local drive localboot 0xffff [root@CentOS8 ~] # systemctl restart tftp2.8 starts automatic installation of basic centos82.8.1 system hardware configuration

2.8.2 Boot start, select install CentOS8 from the menu, and then let it install on its own.

6 the installation of Cobbler 7 is basically similar. Here we will no longer expand the installation and startup of 3 CentOS7 based on the basic package of Cobbler Automation installation system 3.1 [root@CentOS7-01 ~] # yum install cobbler dhcp tftp httpd-y [root@CentOS7-01 ~] # systemctl enable-- now cobblerd httpd tftp dhcpd service error is reported here because the relevant files have not been configured yet, so don't worry about it. Continue to do 3.2 cobbler environment check [root@CentOS7-01 ~] # cobbler checkThe following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:1: The 'server' field in / etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than localhost, or kickstarting features will not work. This should be a resolvable hostname or IP for the boot server as reachable by all machines that will use it.2: For PXE to be functional, the 'next_server' field in / etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server on the PXE network.3: change' disable' to 'no' in / etc/xinetd.d/tftp4: Some network boot-loaders are missing from / var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run' cobbler get-loaders' to download them, or If you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a * recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely. Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The 'cobbler get-loaders' command is the easiest way to resolve these requirements.5: enable and start rsyncd.service with systemctl6: debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories7: ksvalidator was not found, install pykickstart8: The default password used by the sample templates for newly installed machines (default_password_crypted in / etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to' cobbler' and should be changed, try: "openssl passwd-1-salt 'random-phrase-here'' your-password-here'" to generate new one9: fencing tools were not found And are required to use the (optional) power management features. Install cman or fence-agents to use themRestart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.3.2.1 cobbler error Resolution 3.2.1.1 modify the value of the server parameter in the / etc/cobbler/settings file to the corresponding IP address or hostname of the host providing the cobbler service server: 192.168.7.713.2.1.2 modify the value of the next_server parameter in the / etc/cobbler/settings file corresponding to the host providing the PXE service IP address next_server: 192.168.7.713.2.1.3 change 'disable' to' no'disable = no3.2.1.4 modify / etc/cobbler/settings file in / etc/xinetd.d/tftp Enable the DHCP management feature of Cobbler. And modify the following file / etc/cobbler/dhcp.templatemanage_dhcp: 13.3 download startup menu [root@CentOS7-01 ~] # cobbler get-loaders3.4 configuration dhcp service subnet 192.168.7.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {option routers 192.168.7.2; option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0 Range dynamic-bootp 192.168.7.100 192.168.7.254X 3.5 synchronize cobbler configuration and restart the dhcp service [root@CentOS7-01 ~] # cobbler sync... Omit information in the middle. * TASK COMPLETE * *

[root@CentOS7-01 ~] # systemctl restart dhcpd

# mount / dev/sr0 / mnt [root@CentOS7-01 ~] # cobbler import-- name=centos8-x86_64-- path=/mnt-- arch=x86_643.7 prepare the kickstart file [root@CentOS7-01 ~] # cat / var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/ks8.cfg#version=RHEL8 ignoredisk-- only-use=sdazerombrtextreboot# Partition clearing informationclearpart-- all-- initlabelselinux-- disabledfirewall-- disabled# Use graphical installurl-- url=$tree # Use CDROM installation media# Keyboard layoutskeyboard-- Vckeymap=us-- xlayouts='us'# System languagelang en_US.UTF-8# Network informationnetwork-- bootproto=dhcp-- device=ens160-- ipv6=auto-- activatenetwork-- hostname=centos8# Root passwordrootpw-- iscrypted $6 $nOPs5JTMlP4mhQeW$R/o62B6SXAh4RR.zrZ3U0X4xYX9/u5nSLrR/vqCB6kdO2XFfMk2a4yAgrHJQpXK/e4jzRb0jiLBv2nFMXaBjB/# Run the Setup Agent on first bootfirstboot-- enable# Do not configure the X Window Systemskipx# System servicesservices-- disabled= "chronyd" # System timezonetimezone Asia/Shanghai-- isUtc-- nontpuser-- name=hechunping-- password=$6$ oUfb/02CWfLb5l8f$sgEZeR7c7DpqfpmFDH6huSmDbW1XQNR4qKl2EPns.gOXqlnAIgv9pTogtFVaDtEpMOC.SWXKYqxfVtd9MCwxb1-iscrypted-gecos= "hechunping" # Disk partitioning informationpart /-- fstype= "xfs"-- ondisk=sda-- size=102400part / data-- fstype= "xfs"-- ondisk=sda-- size=51200part swap-- fstype= "swap"-- ondisk=sda-- size=2048part / boot-- fstype= "ext4"-- ondisk=sda-size=1024%packages@ ^ cow-environmentkexec-tools%end%addon com_redhat_kdump-- enable-- reserve-mb='auto'%end%anacondapwpolicy root-- minlen=6-minquality=1-- notstrict-nochanges-notemptypwpolicy user-minlen=6-minquality=1-notstrict-- nochanges -- emptyokpwpolicy luks-- minlen=6-- minquality=1-- notstrict-- nochanges-- notempty%end3.8 Management profile [root @ CentOS7-01 ~] # cobbler profile add-- name=centos8-- distro=centos8-x86_64-- kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/ks8.cfg3.9 View profile [root @ CentOS7-01 ~] # cobbler profile list3.10 View Boot File [root@CentOS7-01 ~] # cat / var/lib/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default3.11 starts automatic installation of centos83.11.1 system hardware basic configuration

3.11.2 boot up, select install cenots8 from the menu, and then let it install on its own.

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