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This article mainly shows you "what application layer protocols commonly used in computer networks include". The content is simple and clear. I hope it can help you solve your doubts. Let me lead you to study and learn this article "what application layer protocols commonly used in computer networks include".

A network protocol refers to a collection of rules that must be followed when exchanging information between peer entities that communicate with each other in a computer network. Commonly used application layer protocols: DHCP, DNS, FTP, Gopher, HTTP, IMAP4, IRC, NNTP, XMPP, POP3, SIP, SMTP and so on.

The operating environment of this tutorial: windows7 system, Dell G3 computer.

What is a network protocol?

Network protocol refers to the collection of rules that must be obeyed when exchanging information between peer entities communicating with each other in a computer network. it is a collection of communication rules among all devices on the network (network servers, computers and switches, routers, firewalls, etc.). It defines the format of information that must be used in communication and the meaning of these formats.

Peer entities usually refer to information units at the same level in the computer network architecture. The general system network protocol consists of five parts: communication environment, transmission service, vocabulary, coding format of information, timing, rules and process.

Most networks adopt a hierarchical architecture, and each layer is built on top of its lower layer, providing certain services to its upper layer, while shielding the details of how to implement this service to the upper layer. The rule for layer n on one device to communicate with layer n on another device is the layer n protocol. There are many protocols in all layers of the network, and the protocols on the same layer between the receiver and the sender must be the same, otherwise one side will not be able to recognize the message sent by the other. Network protocols enable various devices on the network to exchange information with each other. Common protocols are: TCP/IP protocol, IPX/SPX protocol, NetBEUI protocol and so on.

A network protocol consists of three elements:

(1) semantic. Semantics is to explain the meaning of each part of the control information. It specifies what kind of control information needs to be sent, as well as what actions are completed and what kind of response they make.

(2) grammar. Syntax is the structure and format of user data and control information, as well as the order in which the data appears.

(3) time series. Timing is a detailed description of the sequence of events. (also known as "synchronization").

People vividly describe these three elements as: semantics indicating what to do, grammar indicating what to do, and timing indicating the order of doing.

What are the common application layer protocols?

DHCP, DNS, FTP, Gopher, HTTP, IMAP4, IRC, NNTP, XMPP, POP3, SIP, SMTP, SNMP, SSH, TELNET, RPC, RTCP, RTP, RTSP, SDP, SOAP, GTP, STUN, NTP, SSDP, BGP, etc.

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