Shulou(Shulou.com)06/02 Report--

What is a domain name:

A domain name is a relatively vivid and self-defined string of English characters, but it needs to be restricted by two or more words separated by a period. The rightmost word is called the top-level domain name. Here are a few common top-level domain names and their usage:

Com-for commercial organizations. It is the most common top-level domain name. Anyone can register a domain name in the form of .com.

Top-for all companies to organize individuals, top-end, career breakthroughs. Anyone can register a domain name in the form of .top.

.net-originally used for network organizations, such as Internet service providers and maintenance providers. Anyone can register a domain name that ends in. Net.

ORG-for a variety of organizations, including non-profit organizations, anyone can register a domain name that ends with .ORG.

Domain name status

When viewing the domain name whois, there is a "domain name status" column. Each domain name has its current status, and there may be only one or more statuses. The domain name status can be as follows:

Active state

Active status. Set by Registry; the domain name can be changed by Registrar; it can be renewed; at least one DNS is assigned.

Registration office lock

The registry is locked. If the domain name is assigned at least one DNS, it can be included in the zone (root server of the domain name) (can be used normally).

The Registration Board retains

The Registration Board retains. It is set by the registry; the domain name cannot be changed or deleted by the registrar; the domain name information can be changed by the registrar only if the status is removed by the registry; the domain name can be renewed; the domain name is not included in the zone (root server of the domain name) (cannot be used normally).

Registrant lock

The registrar is locked. The domain name is contained in the zone (root server of the domain name) (can be used normally).

Registrant retention

The registrant retains. It is set by the original registrant of the domain name; the domain name cannot be changed or deleted; the domain name information can be changed only if this status is removed by the registrar; the domain name can be renewed. The domain name is not included in the zone (root server of the domain name) (cannot be used properly).

Grace period

Grace period. When the registrant makes a request to the registry to delete the domain name, the registry will set the domain name to this status, but only on the condition that the domain name has been registered for more than 5 days (if the domain name registration time is less than 5 days, it will be deleted immediately); the domain name is not included in the zone (root server) (cannot be used normally); the domain name cannot be changed or cleared, but can only be restored. Any changes or other requests made by any other registrant to this domain name will be rejected; the status will be maintained for up to 30 days.

Resume pending

Resume pending. When the registrant makes a request to restore the domain name in REDEMPTIONPERIOD, it is set by the registry; the domain name is included in the area (root server of the domain name) (can be used normally); changes made by the registrar or any other requests will be rejected Within 7 days, a registrar will provide the necessary recovery files to the registration. if the registrar provides these files within 7 days, the domain name will be set to ACTIVE status, otherwise, the domain name will be returned to REDEMPTIONPERIOD status.

Delete pending

Delete pending. If a domain name is not restored by the registrar during the period when the domain name is set to REDEMPTIONPERIOD, the domain name will be placed in the PENDINGDELETE state, and any request from the registrar for the domain name will be rejected; it will be cleared after 5 days.

The following is the status of the Chinese domain name: the beginning status of client is initiated by the registry, and the initial status of server is initiated by CNNIC.

Ok: normal statu

Inactive: inactive state (domain name server is not set up at the time of registration and cannot be resolved)

ClientDeleteProhibited: prohibit deletion

ServerDeleteProhibited: prohibit deletion

ClientUpdateProhibited: forbids modification

ServerUpdateProhibited: forbids modification

PendingDelete: in process of deletion

PendingTransfer: in process of transfer

ClientTransferProhibited: transfer prohibited

ServerTransferProhibited: transfer prohibited

ClientRenewProhibited: renewal is prohibited

ServerRenewProhibited: renewal is prohibited

ClientHold: stop parsing

ServerHold: stop parsing

PendingVerification: registration information is in the process of being confirmed

Domain name related knowledge:

Domain name registrant

Domain name registrars (English: domain name registrar) are commercial entities or organizations appointed by the Internet Corporation for assigned names and numbers (ICANN) or a national country code top-level domain name (ccTLD) domain name registry to manage Internet domain names in a designated domain name registration database and provide such services to the public. And responsible for providing DNS resolution, domain name change transfer, domain name renewal and other operations. Com domain name is managed by Verisign, and tens of millions of .com domain names have been registered. The governing body of CN domain names is CNNIC,CNNIC authorized registrars. There is no such company as Verisign between CNNIC and registrars. Registrars wholesale domain names directly from ICANN.

A domain name registrant is a company that provides domain name registration. And responsible for providing DNS resolution, domain name change transfer, domain name renewal and other operations.

Com domain name is managed by Verisign, and tens of millions of .com domain names have been registered.

The governing body of CN domain names is CNNIC,CNNIC authorized registrars. There is no such company as Verisign between CNNIC and registrars. Registrars wholesale domain names directly from ICANN.

Domain name Registration Office

The Domain name Registration Office (English: domain name registry;, also known as domain name registration database, etc.) is a database of domain names registered under top-level domain names. Registered database operators (registry operator, also known as registered operators), that is, the Network Information Center (Network Information Center,NIC) is part of the Internet Domain name system (DNS).

The Domain name Registry saves the data of the domain name and generates a zone file to convert the domain name to the IP address. Each NIC is an organization that manages domain name registration under top-level domain names, controls domain name allocation policies, and technically operates top-level domain names. So it is obviously different from the domain name registrar (domain name registrar).

The highest level of domain name management is the Internet number assignment Office (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority,IANA), which manages the data of the root domain name server, thereby managing the DNS tree. IANA also manages domain names such as .int, .arpa and controversial domain names such as root-servers.net.

IANA entrusts all domain names to the domain name registry, such as VeriSign.

National and regional top-level domains (Country code top-level domains,ccTLD) are entrusted by IANA to national domain name registries, such as DENIC in Germany, Nominet in UK, China Internet Network Information Center (CNNIC) in Chinese mainland and so on.

Management organization

International Domain name Administration

ICANN (TheInternetCorporationforAssignedNamesandNumbers) Internet Corporation for assigned names and numbers is a non-profit international organization founded in October 1998. it is a non-profit international organization that brings together experts in the business, technical and academic fields of the global network. Responsible for the space allocation of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses, the assignment of protocol identifiers, the management of generic top-level domain names (gTLD) and national top-level domain name (ccTLD) systems, and the management of root server systems. These services were originally provided by the Internet numbering Authority (InternetAssignedNumbersAuthority,IANA) and other organizations under US government contracts. Now, ICANN performs the function of IANA.

Chinese domain name administration agency

The governing body of CN domain names is CNNIC,CNNIC authorized registrars. There is no such company as Verisign between CNNIC and registrars. Registrars wholesale domain names directly from ICANN. The most common domain name .com / .net is managed by ICANN, but ICANN is not responsible for domain name registration. ICANN only manages its authorized domain name registrant, and there is a Versign company between ICANN and the registrar, which is equivalent to wholesale domain names from Verisign, but the registrar is managed by ICANN.

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