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This article mainly introduces "which stages web data management technology has experienced". In daily operation, I believe many people have doubts about which stages web data management technology has experienced. The editor consulted all kinds of materials and sorted out simple and easy-to-use operation methods. I hope it will be helpful to answer the doubts of "web data management technology has experienced which stages". Next, please follow the editor to study!

Data management technology has gone through three stages: 1, manual management stage (before the mid-1950s), mainly using the human brain to manage and utilize data; 2, file system stage (late 1950s to mid-1960s); 3, database system stage (since late 1960s).

The operating environment of this tutorial: windows7 system, Dell G3 computer.

Data management technology refers to the classification, coding, storage, retrieval and maintenance of data, which is the central issue of data processing. With the continuous development of computer technology, driven by application requirements, data management technology has gone through three stages: manual management, file system and database system on the basis of the development of computer hardware and software.

Manual management stage

Before the advent of computers, people used conventional means to record, store and process data, that is, the use of paper to record and use computing tools (abacus, slide ruler) for calculation. and mainly use the human brain to manage and use these data.

By the mid-1950s, computers were mainly used for scientific computing. At that time, there were no direct access devices such as disks, only external memory such as paper tape, cards and tapes, and there was no operating system and special software for managing data. The way of data processing is batch processing.

The characteristics of the management data at this stage are:

(1) the data is not saved. Because computers were mainly used for scientific computing at that time, the need for data preservation was not urgent.

(2) the system has no special software to manage the data, and each application program should include the storage structure, access method and input method of the data. When programmers write applications, they also arrange the physical storage of data, so programmers bear a heavy burden.

(3) data is not shared. Data is program-oriented, and a set of data can only correspond to one program.

(4) data are not independent. The program depends on the data, and if the logical or physical structure such as the type, format or input / output mode of the data changes, the application must be modified accordingly.

File system Pha

From the late 1950s to the mid-1960s, with the development of computer hardware and software, direct access devices such as disks and magnetic drums began to popularize. The data processing system in this period is a data management technology that organizes the data in the computer into mutually independent named data files and accesses the records in the files according to the name of the file.

The data can be stored in the external memory of the computer for a long time, the data can be processed repeatedly, and the operations such as query, modification, insertion and deletion of files are supported, which is the file system. The file system implements the structure within the record, but it is unstructured in terms of the file as a whole.

Its data is oriented to specific applications, so it has poor data sharing, independence, high redundancy, and high cost of management and maintenance.

Database system phase

Since the late 1960s, computer performance has been further improved, more importantly, the emergence of large-capacity disks, the storage capacity has greatly increased and the price has decreased. On this basis, it is possible to overcome the shortcomings of the file system in managing data, and to meet and solve the requirements of sharing data among multiple users and applications in practical applications, so that the data can serve as many applications as possible. this leads to the emergence of data management technology such as database.

The characteristic of the database is that the data is no longer only for a specific application, but for the whole organization, with overall structure, high sharing, reduced redundancy, and a certain degree of independence between programs and data. and unified control of the data.

The characteristics of this stage:

(1) the data is structured. When describing the data, we should not only describe the data itself, but also describe the relationship between the data. Data structure is one of the main features of database, and it is also the essential difference between database system and file system.

(2) High data sharing, less redundancy and easy to expand. Data is no longer for one application, but for the whole system. Data can be shared by multiple users and multiple applications, and it is easy to add new applications, so data sharing is high and easy to expand. Data sharing can greatly reduce data redundancy.

(3) data independence is high.

(4) the data is uniformly managed and controlled by DBMS. The database is shared by multiple users and applications, and the access to data is often concurrent, that is, multiple users can access the data in the database at the same time, or even store the same data in the database at the same time. In order to ensure the correct and effective data of the database and the effective operation of the database system, the database management system provides the following four aspects of data control functions.

Data security control: prevent the leakage and destruction of data caused by illegal use of data, and ensure the security and confidentiality of data.

Data integrity control: the system sets some integrity rules to ensure the correctness, validity and compatibility of the data.

Concurrency control: when multiple users access or modify the database at the same time, it prevents mutual interference and provides incorrect data to users, and destroys the database.

Data recovery: when the database is corrupted or the data is unreliable, the system has the ability to restore the database from the error state to the correct state at the most recent time.

At this point, the study of "which stages web data management technology has gone through" is over. I hope to be able to solve your doubts. The collocation of theory and practice can better help you learn, go and try it! If you want to continue to learn more related knowledge, please continue to follow the website, the editor will continue to work hard to bring you more practical articles!

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