Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

Table of contents:

Chapter one: the development of artificial intelligence industry at home and abroad

1.1 artificial intelligence industry has entered a period of rapid development

1.2 artificial intelligence has become the commanding height of national strategy.

1.3 IT giants scramble for artificial intelligence industry

1.4 talents are the key elements of artificial intelligence competition

1.5 opportunities for artificial intelligence patents in China

Chapter II the Development of artificial Intelligence Industry in Beijing

2.1 Overview of the Development of artificial Intelligence Industry in Beijing

2.2 characteristics of the development of artificial intelligence industry in Beijing

2.2.1 Beijing attaches importance to the development of artificial intelligence industry and multiple policy support

2.2.2 Beijing has high-quality academic and human resources and obvious advantages in research and development.

2.2.3 Beijing artificial intelligence innovation and entrepreneurship is active, capital promotes innovation

2.2.4 Beijing artificial intelligence software has outstanding advantages and ranks first in the country.

2.2.5 Beijing attaches importance to artificial intelligence patent protection, which ranks first in number.

2.3 challenges facing the Development of artificial Intelligence Industry in Beijing

Chapter III introduction to the key areas of the Integration of artificial Intelligence and Real economy in Beijing

3.1 Smart Medical Industry

3.2 Smart Home Industry

3.3 Smart Retail Industry

3.4 self-driving industry

3.5 Smart City Industry

3.6 Overview of artificial intelligence patents

Chapter IV Development Strategy of artificial Intelligence Industry in Beijing

4.1 vigorously develop core technology and advance layout to form a major breakthrough in original innovation

4.2 focus on supporting emerging artificial intelligence industries to form the advantage of high-end industrial clusters

4.3 promote the wide application of artificial intelligence and build an intelligent society and smart city

4.4 accelerate the upgrading of industrial intelligence and develop science and technology service industry

4.5 build a multi-level training system to attract cutting-edge artificial intelligence talents

4.6 build a public platform and service system, and improve the industry ecosystem

Appendix 27 (1) list of artificial intelligence enterprises in some key areas in Beijing

(2) list of key investment institutions in artificial intelligence

(3) compilation of notes

Chapter 1 Overview of the Development of artificial Intelligence at Home and abroad

1.1 artificial intelligence industry has entered a period of rapid development

Since 1956, after two ups and downs, artificial intelligence technology has ushered in the third rapid growth with the rapid development of information technology and the rapid popularization of the Internet.

The third revival of artificial intelligence industry under the joint promotion of big data, algorithm and computing power, artificial intelligence can bring laboratory technology into production practice for the first time, showing the characteristics of industrial maturity. Big data, the Internet era has accumulated a huge amount of data resources, rich industry data and user portraits, driving the continuous iteration of artificial intelligence. In terms of algorithms, deep learning algorithm has triggered a new wave of artificial intelligence technology. With the continuous iteration, the accuracy and robustness of deep learning algorithm are getting better and better, the field of visual image has been mature, and the algorithms of different scenes are constantly optimized to drive the development of human intelligence. In terms of computing power, chips and cloud computing support computing power greatly, cloud artificial intelligence chips Nvidia GPU, Google TPU, terminal artificial intelligence chips can be applied to different scenarios, which has become a hot spot of competition among chip manufacturers at home and abroad.

The market space of artificial intelligence is vast. According to the data released by the China Institute of Electronics, the global artificial intelligence core industry has exceeded 37 billion US dollars in 2017. Thanks to the continuous progress in technology and the continuous improvement of the business model, the global artificial intelligence market demand will be released further rapidly. The global artificial intelligence core industry is expected to exceed 130 billion US dollars in 2020, with an average annual growth rate of 60 per cent. China's artificial intelligence industry is beginning to have advantages. China's artificial intelligence core industry has reached about $5.6 billion in 2017, and is expected to exceed $22 billion in 2020, with an average annual growth rate of nearly 65 per cent, according to public data from the China Institute of Electronics.

1.2 artificial intelligence has become the commanding height of national strategy.

The major developed countries in the world regard the development of artificial intelligence as a major strategy to enhance national competitiveness and maintain national security. The United States, Europe, Japan and other developed countries have issued a series of artificial intelligence strategies to promote the development of artificial intelligence.

Table 1: international artificial intelligence strategic planning and policy

China attaches great importance to the development of artificial intelligence and has issued policies and plans related to artificial intelligence intensively after 2015. The New Generation artificial Intelligence Development Plan (Guofa (2017) No. 35) puts forward the development strategy and goal plan of artificial intelligence in China. By 2030, the theory, technology and application of artificial intelligence in China will generally reach the leading level in the world. It has become the main innovation center of artificial intelligence in the world, and the intelligent economy and intelligent society have achieved remarkable results, laying an important foundation for being in the forefront of innovative countries and economic powers. In December 2018, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology issued a three-year action plan for promoting the development of a new generation of artificial intelligence industry (2012-2020), proposing to promote the development of artificial intelligence industry, enhance the intelligent level of manufacturing industry, and promote the deep integration of artificial intelligence and real economy.

Table 2: China's artificial intelligence strategic planning and policy

1.3 IT giants scramble for artificial intelligence industry

At present, Apple, Google, Microsoft, IBM and Nvidia are all deploying more resources in the field of artificial intelligence. The international giant presents the characteristics of the layout of the whole industry chain, including the basic layer and the application layer. International giants acquire companies, scramble for talents, strengthen technology reserves, and build ecology; the platform and cloud of artificial intelligence will become the trend of global development.

The domestic Internet giant BAT is actively laying out artificial intelligence. Relying on the advantages of scene and data, and making use of computer vision, voice semantics, deep learning and other technologies, Chinese Internet giants are in the world's leading level of innovation in the application layer, but in the core technology layer, especially in the original innovation technology, chips and other underlying technologies, there is still a big gap with the developed countries.

Table 3: artificial intelligence layout of domestic and foreign giants

1.4 talents are the key elements of artificial intelligence competition

At present, in the top research of artificial intelligence, the United States and Europe are in the world's leading level, while Google, Facebook and Microsoft are the leading companies. According to the statistics of global artificial intelligence talents by LinkedIn, the United States accounts for about 3% of the world's about 250000 artificial intelligence talents. The proportion of people in the United States with 10 years of experience in artificial intelligence is close to 70%. In China, only less than 40% of artificial intelligence talents have been employed for more than 10 years. Although the domestic artificial intelligence is still second to the United States and Europe in the top research, the Chinese occupy a more and more important position in the top research of artificial intelligence. The number of talents with less than five years of artificial intelligence experience in China exceeds that of the United States, accounting for 40% of the world. In 2015, Chinese authors participated in top artificial intelligence papers accounting for about 43% of all top ergonomic intelligence papers. In 2016, the Chinese research team won all the major championships for the first time in the ImageNet, the landmark deep learning competition.

There is still a gap in the talent training mode between China and the United States. Artificial intelligence was born in the United States, and American colleges and universities set up artificial intelligence majors earlier, but for a long time, artificial intelligence courses in Chinese colleges and universities have been scattered among computer, automation, machinery and other related majors. For a long time, there is a lack of first-tier disciplines of artificial intelligence, and the differences between education systems affect the sustainable competitiveness in the field of artificial intelligence. At present, China is also strengthening the construction of artificial intelligence talents, and the reserve of artificial intelligence talents is showing a new trend. the Thousand talents Plan has attracted a number of outstanding researchers to return home, and domestic giants are also working to attract researchers from all over the world. In the future, it is necessary to continue to establish a core technical personnel training system, strengthen the construction of first-tier disciplines of artificial intelligence, strengthen the flow of talents in enterprises and academia, build a solid talent foundation, and promote the healthy development of the industry.

1.5 opportunities for artificial intelligence patents in China

At present, many technical standards, such as 3G/4G mobile phone communication standard and HDMI/MP4 image transmission standard, are monopolized by developed countries. The world artificial intelligence standard competition has begun, and the artificial intelligence patent standard competition is becoming increasingly fierce. This will be the beginning of the continuing competition in the next 30 years, and it will also become a historical opportunity for China to catch up with and stand on the technological commanding heights of the world.

The Wuzhen Index: global artificial Intelligence Development report 2016, released by Wuzhen think tank, points out that the United States, China and Japan rank among the top three in the number of applications for artificial intelligence in the world, and the total number of patent applications accounts for 73.85% of the total global patent applications. Since 2005, the global number of related patent applications in the field of artificial intelligence has exceeded 60,000. In particular, from 2010 to 2014, the number of patent applications increased by 70%, and major enterprises, schools and research institutions around the world have accelerated the pace of research and development to seize the first opportunity. From the point of view of the global artificial intelligence technology patent applicants, the leading ones are international giants such as IBM, Google, Amazon, Microsoft and so on. Chinese companies have yet to rank among the top 20 in the world.

Chapter II the Development of artificial Intelligence Industry in Beijing

2.1 Overview of the Development of artificial Intelligence Industry in Beijing

Comprehensive Qingke, WIND, IT Orange, Blue Ocean waves and other public data and angel index team investment agencies targeted to collect data, compiled by Zhongguancun Angel Investment Alliance. As of May 8, 2018, there were 4040 artificial intelligence enterprises in China and 1070 artificial intelligence enterprises in Beijing, accounting for 26%. A total of 1237 artificial intelligence companies (including 31 listed companies) have received venture capital nationwide, and 431 artificial intelligence companies (including 12 listed companies) have received venture capital in Beijing, accounting for 35 per cent. There are more than 25000 artificial intelligence patents in Beijing, and half of the 2016 Chinese TOP100 selected by Internet Weekly are from Zhongguancun, Beijing. Artificial intelligence is a great opportunity for Beijing to promote the urban development model, reshape the economy, promote the innovation of mechanism and system, and lead China's industry to overtake in the corner.

According to the scale chart of the financing stage of Beijing artificial intelligence enterprises, most artificial intelligence enterprises in Beijing are in round A, accounting for 29.09% of Prida, accounting for 6.67%, angel wheel enterprises accounting for 18.48%, and seed wheel enterprises accounting for 2.73%. To sum up, the total proportion of enterprises in the financing stage before round An is 56.97%, so more than half of the artificial intelligence enterprises in Beijing are still in the start-up stage and have the potential for innovation and development.

Fig. 2 proportion of financing stages of artificial intelligence enterprises in Beijing

From the time distribution map of the establishment of artificial intelligence enterprises in Beijing, we can see that the number of artificial intelligence innovative enterprises in Beijing began to increase in 2015, exploded from 2014 to 2016, and declined in 2017. Therefore, most artificial intelligence enterprises are very young, the market competition is fierce, and the industry innovation is remarkable.

Figure 3: time distribution of establishment of artificial intelligence enterprises in Beijing

From the regional distribution of artificial intelligence enterprises in Beijing, we can see that 60.96% of artificial intelligence enterprises in Beijing are gathered in Haidian District, with Zhongguancun as the core, gathering a large number of high-quality artificial intelligence enterprises.

Figure 4: regional distribution of artificial intelligence enterprises in Beijing

As the first national high-tech industrial development zone in China, Zhongguancun is favored by policies in the cultivation and innovative development of artificial intelligence industry. In addition, in terms of talent policy, Beijing is implementing special projects such as the "Thousand talents Plan" and the "Sea gathering Project" to encourage high-level overseas talents to start and work in Beijing.

There are many artificial intelligence start-ups in China, and the top three are computer vision, intelligent robots and natural language processing companies. The top three with the highest amount of investment and financing are computer vision, natural language processing and autopilot. Artificial intelligence has penetrated into various industries and changed the existing industry model. The traditional industries of artificial intelligence empowerment mainly include medical treatment, home decoration, driving, retail, city, education, finance and transportation.

Figure 5: application graph of artificial intelligence industry at home and abroad

Note: blue is a foreign enterprise, red is a Beijing enterprise, and yellow is a foreign enterprise.

2.2 characteristics of the development of artificial intelligence industry in Beijing

2.2.1 Beijing attaches importance to the development of artificial intelligence industry and multiple policy support

Beijing has obvious advantages in artificial intelligence policy. Since 2016, Beijing has issued a number of relevant policy documents and service measures. Vigorously support the development of artificial intelligence industry. At the end of 2017, the Beijing municipal party committee and municipal government issued guidelines for the development of 10 high-tech industries, including the guidance on speeding up the cultivation of artificial Intelligence Industry. The Zhongguancun Management Committee issued an action plan for the cultivation of artificial intelligence industry (2017-2020). We will provide all-round guarantee to the artificial intelligence industry in the aspects of industrial environment construction, financial support, talent service and so on.

Table 4: Beijing artificial Intelligence Policy

Under the guidance of the Beijing Municipal Commission of economy and Information Technology, the Beijing Frontier International Institute of artificial Intelligence was established. With the mission of improving the original innovation capability of artificial intelligence, the Institute builds a top talent team by gathering a group of world-class scientists and institutions, focuses on major theories, key common technologies and key products, and provides a full-chain innovation support platform. promote the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements Strive to form a number of original achievements, international standards, technological innovation centers and innovative leading enterprise clusters with global influence, and become a landmark major project for Beijing to build a national innovation center. the commanding height of national science and technology innovation and the leader in the development of international artificial intelligence.

2.2.2 Beijing has high-quality academic and human resources and obvious advantages in research and development.

More than half of the backbone research units of artificial intelligence, such as Peking University, Tsinghua University, Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Institute of Computing of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, are gathered in Beijing. it has more than 10 national key laboratories such as pattern recognition State key Laboratory, Intelligent Technology and Department Integration State key Laboratory, Deep Learning Technology and Application National Engineering Laboratory. In addition to universities and national key laboratories, a number of science and technology enterprises have also set up artificial intelligence laboratories or research institutes to promote the rapid development and iteration of human intelligence technology.

Beijing has the overall talent advantage, which is conducive to promoting the cross-disciplinary research and development of artificial intelligence. According to the data released by the Beijing Human Resources Research Center, by the end of 2015, the total amount of human resources in Beijing has reached 6.51 million, and the employment density of talents has reached 54.9%. There are 756 academicians of the "two academies", accounting for about 2% of the national "Thousand talents Plan", accounting for 1486 of the national "Thousand talents Plan", accounting for about 4% of the national "Ten Thousand talents Plan". In the field of artificial intelligence, colleges and universities occupy four seats in the ranking of Top10 employers with the highest concentration of artificial intelligence talents in China, including Tsinghua University, Peking University, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Zhejiang University, while Beijing occupies three seats.

As an international communication center, Beijing is an ideal gathering place for international first-class talents. International conferences are an important way of communication for high-end international talents. According to the latest data released by the International Association of conferences and conferences (ICCA), Beijing ranked 14th in the world in the number of international conferences in 2014, ranking first in China and second in Asia.

2.2.3 Beijing artificial intelligence innovation and entrepreneurship is active, capital promotes innovation

Beijing has a strong talent base and information technology foundation, coupled with policy support, with the help of the strong industrial cluster advantages of Zhongguancun Science and Technology Park and the support of the top domestic intellectual resources, which provides favorable conditions for focusing on artificial intelligence science and technology enterprises. In terms of types, artificial intelligence enterprises in Beijing cover all industrial chain links of upstream hardware manufacturing, software technology research and development, general platform support and terminal industry application, which embodies the diversity of artificial intelligence innovation while large-scale enterprise agglomeration. At the same time, the active capital environment plays a great role in promoting the cultivation of artificial intelligence industry and technological progress, and capital and enterprise industry promote each other, so as to enhance the development strength of artificial intelligence industry in Beijing. For example, Baidu Investment Management Co., Ltd., Innovation works Investment Center, Yingnuo Angel Fund, Lenovo Star Investment Management Co., Ltd., Mingshi Hexun Capital Management Co., Ltd., Zhenge Tiancheng Investment Management Co., Ltd. are the leaders in the field of artificial intelligence investment in China.

2.2.4 Beijing artificial intelligence software has outstanding advantages and ranks first in the country.

Deep learning algorithm brings challenges to traditional software. At present, the mainstream open source framework of machine learning in foreign institutions, such as Google's TensorFlow, Facebook's Torch, PyTorch, Caffe, soft CNTK and DMTK, IBM's SystemML, Amazon's MXNet, etc.; foreign artificial intelligence open source tool libraries, including Deeplearning4j distributed deep learning library, Apache Spark MLlib high-performance machine learning library, OpenNN deep learning open source library, and general artificial intelligence knowledge base and common sense reasoning open source portal OpenCyc.

Beijing actively lays out the new software technology of the next generation of human-computer interaction, relies on the strong technological strength of the artificial intelligence enterprise industry in Beijing, and actively develops the artificial intelligence computing framework. For example, Baidu developed the deep learning development platform PaddlePaddle and DuerOS operating system, and the enterprise artificial intelligence core system "Prophet" platform developed by the fourth paradigm. The artificial intelligence development platform Face++ developed for vision and the TurboX intelligent hardware brain platform developed by Kechuangda, etc.

2.2.5 Beijing attaches importance to artificial intelligence patent protection, which ranks first in number.

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence in Beijing, many breakthroughs have been made, and there is still room for great progress in patent reserves. Beijing has an advantage in algorithm technology, many of which have reached a high level, such as speech recognition, character recognition, image recognition, face recognition and so on. The artificial Intelligence Industry-University-Research and Innovation Alliance of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was established on November 8, 2017, by the Frontier Science and Education Bureau of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Major Science and Technology Bureau, the Science and Technology Promotion Bureau of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Automation Institute of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and other related institutions, as well as 5 enterprises become the first batch of director units of the alliance, these units have great advantages in patent reserve quantity and technology. Among them, the relevant research institutes of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have a reserve of nearly 1,000 artificial intelligence patents. The statistics of artificial intelligence patents of the Chinese Academy of Sciences are shown in the table below.

Table 5: artificial Intelligence Patent Statistics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

2.3 challenges facing the Development of artificial Intelligence Industry in Beijing

Beijing actively promotes the development of artificial intelligence industry and distributes it from the perspectives of policy, technology, talent and investment. The development of artificial intelligence industry has unique advantages. However, there is still a gap in the overall level of artificial intelligence industry in Beijing, and it will face challenges in the future.

First, there is still a big gap between the original innovation ability and the United States. In view of the key technical problems of the new generation of artificial intelligence, the basic theoretical research of advanced machine learning, brain-like intelligent computing and quantum intelligent computing need to form a series of original innovative scientific research achievements.

Second, the lack of high-end chips, key components and high-precision sensors may lead to re-hollowing in technology and applications. It is necessary to develop chips and intelligent sensors based on new requirements, new materials, new processes and new principles around the technical difficulties in artificial intelligence chips, sensors, algorithms and application scenarios.

Third, there is a shortage of high-level talents and high-end artificial intelligence talents. Talents are the core of artificial intelligence competition, the quantity and quality of artificial intelligence top talents are not as good as those of the United States, the basic education of artificial intelligence starts relatively late, and the number of artificial intelligence talents with more than 10 years of experience is small, so it is necessary to introduce a large number of high-end artificial intelligence talents.

Fourth, the large-scale development of artificial intelligence industry is facing cost disadvantage and regional competition. For example, the household, housing and education costs of artificial intelligence talents in Beijing are high, which hinders the retention of artificial intelligence professionals; other parts of the country also attach great importance to the development of artificial intelligence industry and compete with Beijing in terms of technology, resources, talents and so on.

Chapter III introduction to the key areas of the Integration of artificial Intelligence and Real economy in Beijing

In the new round of high coupling and deep superposition of science and technology and industry, artificial intelligence, as the new engine of the wave of scientific and technological change in the next stage, will have a far-reaching impact on Beijing's science and technology and economy. Therefore, Beijing takes artificial intelligence as the tuyere of change, drives the innovation and transformation of scientific and technological systems, and helps traditional industries to upgrade by leaps and bounds, which has broad development prospects and good market opportunities.

Key application areas of artificial intelligence in Beijing include smart medicine, smart home, smart city, new retail and self-driving. The field of smart medicine includes eight application scenarios, such as virtual assistant, medical imaging, auxiliary diagnosis and treatment, among which the number of companies in disease risk pre-prediction and medical imaging scene is the largest. The smart home takes the residence as the platform, integrates the facilities related to home life by using integrated wiring technology, network communication technology, security technology, automatic control technology and audio technology to build a highly efficient residential facilities and family daily affairs management system to create an efficient, comfortable, safe, convenient and environmentally friendly living environment. Smart City, with the help of a new generation of Internet of things, cloud computing, big data and other new information technology, implants the concept of wisdom, combined with communication technology means to sense, analyze and integrate the key information of urban operation, and integrate the core system into a large platform to make the operation of the city more intelligent and maximize the utilization of the city's resources. Smart retail is a data-driven pan-retail state centered on consumer experience, that is, relying on the Internet, through the use of various technologies such as big data and cloud computing, the new form of reshaping the retail format lies in the integration and integration of online, offline and logistics, and the ultimate goal is to improve the shopping experience of consumers and the operational efficiency of enterprises. Unmanned driving is an intelligent vehicle that uses on-board sensors to sense the surrounding environment of the vehicle, and controls the steering and speed of the vehicle according to the information of the road, vehicle position and obstacles obtained by the sense. automatically plan the driving route and control the vehicle to reach the predetermined target, so that the vehicle can drive safely and reliably on the road.

3.1 Smart Medical Industry

According to statistics, the size of China's smart medical market reached 9.661 billion yuan in 2016, an increase of 37.9%. It will exceed 13 billion yuan in 2017, and an increase of 40.7% is expected to reach 20 billion yuan in 2018. By 2025, the total value of artificial intelligence application market will reach 127 billion US dollars, of which the medical industry will account for 1/5 of the market size. Global investment in artificial intelligence and cognitive computing will soar by 60% to $12.5 billion in 2017 and further to $46 billion in 2020, according to a report released by IDC. Investment in the medical artificial intelligence industry is increasing, with a total transaction volume of US $748 million and a total of 90 transactions in 2016, all reaching an all-time high.

According to the statistical bulletin on the development of health and family planning in Beijing in 2016, the number of medical and health institutions in Beijing reached 10637 in 2016. among them, there are 10491 medical institutions (including 113tertiary medical institutions, 155secondary medical institutions and 649 first-class medical institutions), with a total of 116963 beds in the city. The level of medical technology is in the forefront of the country, with 23 of the top 100 high-quality hospitals in Beijing. At present, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Beijing Union Hospital, Beijing Tongren Hospital and Beijing China-Japan Friendship Hospital are in the forefront in the field of intelligent medicine. On December 22, 2017, the world's first "Human Engineering Intelligence Research Center for Neurological Diseases" was established in Beijing Tiantan Hospital. The development of medical artificial intelligence in Beijing has the advantages of resources, talents, technology, data and so on.

As of May 8, 2018, there were 33 representative enterprises in Beijing Medical artificial Intelligence Enterprises financing round A. in the year of establishment, 18 enterprises were established after 2013, accounting for 55%. In terms of financing, there are 2 listings, 1 M & A, 4 new third boards, 9 rounds C, 5 rounds B, 6 rounds A + and 5 rounds A. Five enterprises, such as accurate genetic technology, speculative technology, pan-reproductive biology, Huiyi Huiying, and Sipai network, which were financed in round C, were all established after 2013, and the enterprise quickly became a quasi-unicorn enterprise in the industry 2-3 years after its establishment.

Figure 6: smart medical industry map

3.2 Smart Home Industry

Smart home in China started relatively late, but its development is relatively fast, and its development is roughly divided into embryonic stage, pioneering stage and rapid development stage.

Before 2000, smart home was in its infancy, there was no very professional smart home manufacturer in China, and there was only a small number of retail business that represented and sold foreign smart home products.

From 2000 to 2013, the concept of smart home gradually entered the public's field of vision. The construction of intelligent community, the development of new technology and the strategy of Internet of things have actively promoted the development of smart home.

From 2014 to 2018, in the stage of rapid development of smart home, the number of newly established enterprises broke out obviously, and reached its peak in 2015. This stage has a significant relationship with the development of new technology, hardware and software upgrading, national policy promotion and so on. Technologies such as the Internet of things, mobile Internet, cloud computing, big data and the sudden outbreak of artificial intelligence in 2016 are developing rapidly and more and more are integrated into household products. Domestic enterprises seize this technology tide; the development of hardware such as sensors, chips and materials promotes the innovation of smart home products; voice recognition, image recognition, machine learning and other technologies make household products more and more intelligent Internet giants and traditional furniture giants build smart home platforms to promote the development of smart home to a systematic direction; Internet enterprises, real estate enterprises, home decoration companies and so on speed up the channel construction and reform of smart home, and promote the virtuous circle development of the industry.

Beijing as the national science and technology center, innovation and entrepreneurship highland, the development of smart home industry is in the forefront of the country. In terms of the number of enterprises, according to relevant statistics, there are 414 smart home enterprises in Beijing, ranking second in the country; in terms of large enterprises, JD.com, Baidu, Xiaomi and other enterprises are all headquartered in Beijing. Honeywell, Microsoft, Amazon, Huawei, Ali and other enterprises have branches or offices in Beijing; in terms of innovative enterprises, Yunding, Zhimi, polar routing and other enterprises are developing rapidly. The active transformation and upgrading of traditional home manufacturers and the promotion of housing rental companies and real estate developers have accelerated the landing of smart home scenes.

According to whale quasi-data statistics, as of May 2018, there are 63 financing enterprises in Beijing smart home industry round An and above. Among them, there are 27 round A financing enterprises, including source intelligence, kitchen core, etc.; 3 round A + enterprises, including polar routing, small baking technology, etc.; 10 round B enterprises, including Guojia, Rockrobo, etc.; 2 round C enterprises, including Bangtian Technology, three dads, etc.; 1 round C + enterprise, including Yunding, etc.; 2 round E and later, including Xiaomi Technology, Smartisan, etc. There are 13 new third board enterprises, including puppy appliances and Liren technology, 2 mergers and acquisitions, including Chentian technology, raven technology, etc., and 3 listed companies, including JD.com, Bangxun and so on.

Figure 7: smart home industry map

Note: the red font is Beijing enterprise and the black font is Beijing enterprise.

The popularization and promotion of smart home market in Beijing area is relatively fast, and the market potential is huge. The gradual promotion of smart communities and smart cities gives impetus to the development of smart homes. In the future, the smart home industry in Beijing has broad prospects for development.

3.3 Smart Retail Industry

With the upgrading of consumption, retail will benefit the most from the development and innovation brought about by artificial intelligence. According to related forecasts, artificial intelligence will bring an additional growth of more than US $2 trillion, or 36%, to the wholesale and retail industry by 2035. Retailers can use artificial intelligence to streamline inventory management, and realistic technology can help consumers get a better shopping experience.

According to Pinway think tank data, the total investment in China's retail industry reached 155.5 billion yuan in the first quarter of 2017-2018, with an average single financing amount of 366 million yuan, which is 1.6 times the average financing amount of the whole industry. China's retail investment as a whole tends to specialization and industrialization.

Since 2016, represented by unmanned retail and facial scanning payment, artificial intelligence technology has accelerated in the retail field and received high attention from all aspects. there is no doubt that it has become the core technical force driving the innovation and growth momentum transformation of traditional industries. At the same time, new technologies represented by intelligent robots, Internet of things, blockchain, big data and ARVR continue to impact many forms of traditional retail, become an important driving force for the composition of new retail, and will continue to promote profound changes in the consumer industry.

Smart retail uses computer vision, automated machine learning, natural language processing, RFID scanning, QR code scanning and other technologies to realize retail new business type, such as smart store, intelligent store operation, intelligent customer management, intelligent supply chain, intelligent internal operation, intelligent self-service terminal and so on. According to the layout demand of the whole supply chain of the retail industry, the new technology represented by artificial intelligence plays a breakthrough advantage in the following four key links. One is the link of goods supply, in which the key technologies such as intelligent robot and industrial big data are applied to the manufacturing process to improve work efficiency; the second is the link of logistics and warehousing, computer vision, drones, autopilot equipment and robots have begun to infiltrate and play an important role; the third is the physical operation link, which carries on the store and on-site management based on big data to improve the management and operation efficiency. Fourth, consumer experience, face recognition, machine learning and other technologies make unmanned stores, unmanned containers, shopping guide system and self-settlement system and other innovative ideas into reality.

Figure 8: smart retail industry map

Note: blue is a foreign enterprise, red is a Beijing enterprise, and purple is a foreign enterprise

3.4 self-driving industry

In 2017, the Chinese Society of Automotive Engineering issued the Roadmap of Energy Saving and New Energy vehicle Technology, which mentioned that by 2020, the size of the automobile industry will reach 30 million, and the market share of driving auxiliary / partial self-driving vehicles will reach 50%. Highly or fully self-driving cars will be on the market from 2021 to 2025 From 2026 to 2030, each car will use self-driving or auxiliary driving system, and the number of self-driving cars in China will increase steadily.

Beijing focuses on supporting the self-driving industry and has issued a number of policies one after another. In December 2017, Beijing issued two documents, the "Beijing Municipal guidance on accelerating the Road Test of self-driving vehicles (trial)" and the "Beijing rules for the Administration of Road Test of self-driving vehicles (trial)". Standardize and promote the actual road testing of self-driving vehicles.

On December 29, 2017, Beijing planned the city's first self-driving test operation base in Shunyi, which was officially launched in the Olympic Park on that day. The official site of the base is located in Shunyi Olympic Water Park, which is 7 kilometers long and belongs to a semi-open road. The base will be supported by BAIC New Technology Research Institute, equipped with all kinds of environment-aware technologies and intelligent transportation facilities to achieve safe, accurate and comfortable operation.

On January 3, 2018, the first self-driving pilot road in Beijing has been selected in Yizhuang. Some sections of Yizhuang will adopt the mode of "vehicle-road coordination". When testing on the road, driverless vehicles will be clearly marked.

The self-driving car uses a variety of sensors such as millimeter wave radar, lidar and optical camera to make the car perceive the environment around the body through the car perception system. Combined with the positioning and navigation system of automotive communication equipment such as vehicle networking and high-precision maps, the position and attitude of the vehicle are obtained. The self-driving chip is used to accelerate the artificial intelligence algorithm, and the steering and speed of the vehicle are controlled by the vehicle control system. An intelligent vehicle that automatically plans the route and controls the vehicle to reach its intended target. Self-driving provides a historical opportunity to reshape the automobile industry chain.

Figure 9: self-driving industry map

Note: the red font is Beijing enterprise and the black font is Beijing enterprise.

3.5 Smart City Industry

With the wave of smart cities all over the world and the encouragement of the government, many cities in China have also made great efforts to develop smart cities. After a period of exploration, China has achieved phased success in smart cities, and many cities realize that smart cities need to be "people-oriented", and the market scale of smart cities is constantly increasing. It is predicted that the investment scale of smart cities in China will reach 894.3 billion yuan by 2020.

As one of the important cities of smart cities, Beijing has a complete system, mainly to solve the outstanding problems in urban development, such as traffic congestion, shortage of resources, and to create new economic growth points as the driving force. at present, the construction of Beijing's smart city has been basically formed. For example: the construction of "Beijing access", "Beijing big data platform", "self-driving traffic", "smart property, adhere to people-oriented" and other key projects.

Smart city applications are divided into hardware equipment, network, system integration, terminal equipment, application APP, big data, AR/ VR, artificial intelligence several important fields, they can respectively face the government, enterprises and individuals, through different ways to contribute to the smart city. Hardware equipment is an important "cornerstone" of smart city construction. Perceptual science and technology and must-create technology are the key enterprises in the industry. These enterprises are the producers and users of hardware equipment, grasp the core competitiveness and promote the development of the industry. The network is the "link" of the smart city. Mobile, China Unicom and telecom are important enterprises. With the rapid development of network bandwidth, speed and technology, it is an important driving force for the development of the Internet of things / Internet. The system integration industry is the core of the smart city. For example, key enterprises such as Shu Zeyuan and Taiji Technology integrate the application of technology, realize unified operation, break the "information isolated island", promote integration and sharing, unify the platform, and improve the satisfaction of the people. Terminal equipment / APP carries an important mission in the smart city. Important enterprises such as Xiaomi, Hammer and Didi are important carriers of the smart city. People can easily pay, take a taxi and shop through mobile phones, tablet computers, smartwatches and so on. Big data / AR/VR/ artificial intelligence technology is the core technology of the smart city, and it is also the core technology that major enterprises are developing. For example, Baidu, Sina, Shangtang and other enterprises effectively combine universities and scientific research institutes to promote the industrialization of technological innovation achievements to meet the work, life and entertainment needs of residents. Smart cities combine various industrial chains, adhere to the "people-oriented" road, improve the satisfaction of urban residents, and jointly build a harmonious Beijing.

Figure 10: industrial map of smart city

Note: the red font is Beijing enterprise and the black font is Beijing enterprise.

3.6 Overview of artificial intelligence patents

From the point of view of China, Beijing, Shanghai and Guangdong are the three major centers of the distribution of artificial intelligence patents in China, which are consistent with the regional characteristics of economic distribution in China. There are about 1000 enterprises closely related to artificial intelligence in Beijing, accounting for 26% of the number of artificial intelligence enterprises in China. The number of artificial intelligence patents in Beijing exceeds 25000. The Chinese Academy of Sciences has nearly 20 research institutes involved in artificial intelligence technology, and the scope of research is very extensive. These units have great advantages in the number of patents and technology, among which the relevant research institutes of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have nearly 1,000 artificial intelligence patents.

In recent years, artificial intelligence in Beijing has developed rapidly and made many breakthroughs. There is still a lot of room for progress in patent reserves, but there are also the following problems.

First, the layout of basic technology patents is small. Most of the artificial intelligence patents in Beijing are concentrated in the application layer, but the United States invests more in higher-end and more advanced core technologies, such as brain cognitive mechanism and computing models, neuromorphological chip technology, quantum computers, and so on. almost all of them are in the hands of American companies.

Second, the global patent layout is weak. Although the number of patents owned by Chinese companies is no less than that of the United States, Beijing enterprises have a weak awareness of the layout of overseas patents. According to statistics, almost all of the top 20 companies applying for artificial intelligence US patents in 2017 were occupied by American companies. Only one South Korean company and one Japanese company entered the list, while Chinese companies were absent.

Third, lack of experience and professionalism in patent application. Artificial intelligence patent applications usually involve massive data collection and processing, model training, deep learning, algorithm optimization, functional modules and other related contents, on the surface, these contents can easily be classified as "rules and methods of intellectual activities", which is not protected by patent law. But in fact, the application of artificial intelligence is often to solve the specific technical problems in a certain field, which is objectively a technical solution that can bring technical results. Because of the uniqueness of artificial intelligence patent application, enterprises should pay attention to the quality of patent application documents in order to obtain a number of high-quality core patents.

At the same time, there are still some problems in Beijing artificial intelligence industry, such as weak awareness of trade secret protection, lack of professional patent database, artificial intelligence standardization work to be improved and so on.

Chapter IV Development Strategy of artificial Intelligence Industry in Beijing

The State Council issued the New Generation artificial Intelligence Development Plan, which clearly defines the strategic objectives for the development of a new generation of artificial intelligence in China: by 2020, the overall technology and application of artificial intelligence will keep pace with the advanced level of the world. Artificial intelligence industry has become a new important economic growth point, and the application of artificial intelligence technology has become a new way to improve people's livelihood. By 2025, the basic theory of artificial intelligence will achieve a major breakthrough, and some technologies and applications will reach the leading level in the world. Artificial intelligence has become the main driving force for China's industrial upgrading and economic transformation, and positive progress has been made in the construction of an intelligent society. By 2030, the theory, technology and application of artificial intelligence have generally reached the world's leading level and become the world's major artificial intelligence innovation center.

The Beijing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Beijing Municipal people's Government issued the guiding opinions of Beijing on speeding up Scientific and technological Innovation to cultivate artificial Intelligence Industry, proposing that by 2020, the overall technology and application of the new generation of artificial intelligence will reach the world's advanced level. some key technologies have reached the world's leading level, forming a number of major original basic theories and cutting-edge technological landmark achievements. Cultivate a number of leading talents and innovation teams of artificial intelligence with international influence, emerge a number of innovative enterprises with characteristics, basically establish an innovation ecosystem, and initially become an artificial intelligence innovation center with global influence; the ability of artificial intelligence to support economic and social development has been significantly enhanced, and it has become a new and important economic growth point in this city.

4.1 vigorously develop core technology and advance layout to form a major breakthrough in original innovation

Combined with the foundation of artificial intelligence in Beijing, face up to the gap of core technologies, pay attention to the development trends and cutting-edge technologies of global artificial intelligence, and focus on the key technological issues of the new generation of artificial intelligence. In view of the urgent needs and weak links in the development of artificial intelligence, the forward-looking layout may lead to the basic research of major changes in artificial intelligence, promote the integration of artificial intelligence with big data and cloud technology, and achieve a major breakthrough in the cutting-edge technology of the new generation of artificial intelligence in Beijing.

First, the forward-looking layout of the frontier field of artificial intelligence. Emphasis is placed on the cross-domain basic theoretical research, such as quantum information and quantum computing, brain-like intelligent computing, deep machine learning and so on. We will promote the interdisciplinary integration of artificial intelligence with neuroscience, cognitive science, quantum science, psychology, mathematics, economics, sociology and so on.

Second, continue to support Beijing's advantageous technological fields. Continuous technological breakthroughs have been made in the fields of speech recognition, visual recognition, artificial intelligence chips, sensors, algorithms and application scenarios in Beijing, forming core technological advantages. Relying on key units such as the Institute of Automation of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Institute of Computing, Tsinghua University, Peking University, Cambrian Science and Technology, and the Beijing Frontier International Institute of artificial Intelligence, the main body of industry-university-research cooperation and a series of original technological achievements have been formed. Third, strengthen the connection with the state plan. We will focus on strengthening the convergence with national major science and technology projects of the new generation of artificial intelligence and major national science and technology projects, and jointly promote the theoretical research, technological breakthroughs and major application research of artificial intelligence. Fourth, encourage two-way cooperation with top international institutions. We will encourage and attract top international institutions and talents to build their own R & D institutions and jointly build R & D institutions in Beijing, and encourage key cooperation with innovative bodies in Beijing. Relying on superior units such as the Beijing Frontier International Institute of artificial Intelligence, key universities and scientific research institutes, we have focused on international R & D and joint R & D, and made great achievements in original innovation and major basic theories.

4.2 focus on supporting emerging artificial intelligence industries to form the advantage of high-end industrial clusters

First, cultivate a number of global leading artificial intelligence enterprises. Cultivate and support key enterprises in key areas of all levels of the industrial chain, and expand the industrial boundaries of the basic layer, technology layer and application layer of artificial intelligence.

Second, support the development of innovative and entrepreneurial enterprises with characteristics. Cultivate a number of high-growth and innovative enterprises. Give full play to the advantages of artificial intelligence research, enterprises, technology and talents in Beijing, build artificial intelligence mass innovation space and mass innovation base, promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, accelerate incubation, industry-university-research cooperation, and promote the development of innovative enterprises.

Third, lay out the high-end industrial chain to form the overall advantage of the coordinated development of giant enterprises and innovative enterprises. We will speed up the transformation and application of artificial intelligence technology, promote technology integration and business model innovation, promote the innovation of intelligence industries in key areas, and improve the artificial intelligence industry chain.

Fourth, build an artificial intelligence industrial park and form an industrial agglomeration with international influence. Around Haidian Zhongguancun core area, Future Science City, Huairou Science City and other key areas, gather international-level artificial intelligence demonstration enterprises and projects, set up artificial intelligence industrial parks, and form artificial intelligence industrial clusters with international influence.

Fifth, give full play to the key role of capital in emerging artificial intelligence industries. We will give key support to government guidance funds and guide capital to continue to pay attention to artificial intelligence technology and scientific and technological innovation, so as to promote the development of artificial intelligence industry.

4.3 promote the wide application of artificial intelligence and build an intelligent society and smart city

Support the wide application of artificial intelligence technology that matches the functions of the capital, promote development by application, drive industry by market, and build an intelligent society and smart city.

First, speed up the innovative application of artificial intelligence around the urgent needs of people's livelihood, such as medical care and providing for the aged. Promote new artificial intelligence medical models and new means, establish a fast and accurate intelligent medical system, significantly improve medical efficiency, optimize the medical artificial intelligence examination and approval process, and support the establishment of a national medical big data platform. Strengthen swarm intelligent health management and establish a healthy big data.

Second, use artificial intelligence to improve the ability of public security. Promote the application of intelligent security, build smart communities, and form a linkage system of public security and local security. We will further improve the level of intelligent transportation management and promote the establishment of a traffic sharing data platform. Long-term layout and attach importance to the development of self-driving field, focusing on solving the problems of self-driving test site, system data localization and standardization in the near future, and long-term attention to self-driving legislation and safety prevention and control to ensure the safe, reliable and controllable development of self-driving.

Third, use artificial intelligence to promote the upgrading of residents' consumption. We will encourage smart terminals and smart home applications, strengthen the integrated application of artificial intelligence technology and home construction systems, solve problems such as smart home agreement standards, support smart home enterprises to innovate service models, and cultivate smart home leading enterprises. Encourage the application and promotion of artificial intelligence in new retail industries, explore new models of unmanned supermarkets or intelligent sales, and form a new type of service industry.

Fourth, carry out a pilot demonstration of the entrepreneurial application of artificial intelligence. Select representative innovative models and products, such as smart medicine, smart city, smart terminal, smart home, smart building, intelligent retail and so on, for centralized display and demonstration. Encourage the innovative and integrated applications of intelligent finance, intelligent education, intelligent logistics and intelligent agriculture.

4.4 accelerate the upgrading of industrial intelligence and develop science and technology service industry

First, speed up the promotion of the integration and innovation of artificial intelligence and various industries. We will promote the in-depth and large-scale application of artificial intelligence technology in traditional science and technology service industries such as design, exploration, R & D services, engineering services, key equipment and core support software, and significantly enhance the intelligence level of science and technology service industries.

Second, support traditional industries empowered by artificial intelligence. We will give full play to the core role of artificial intelligence in saving energy and increasing efficiency, promote its application in vertical industries such as the energy Internet and Industrial 4.0, speed up the transformation of artificial intelligence technology and enable traditional industries, and enhance the intelligent level of factory operation and management. to form a sustainable advantage in the science and technology service industry.

4.5 build a multi-level training system to attract cutting-edge artificial intelligence talents

First, speed up the introduction of the world's top talents. Take the construction of high-end talents as the core goal of the development of artificial intelligence. Open up specialized channels to achieve the precise introduction of high-end talents, speed up the introduction of global top talents and young talents, and form a highland of artificial intelligence talents.

Second, train high-level innovative talents and teams. Adhere to the combination of training and introduction to attract and train artificial intelligence leaders with development potential. Encourage and guide domestic innovative talents and teams, and strengthen cooperation and interaction with the world's top institutions.

Third, attach importance to the cultivation of compound talents. Strengthen international educational cooperation and train high-end artificial intelligence talents with international vision. Attach importance to the cultivation of compound talents, focusing on the integration of artificial intelligence technology, applications, industries, industries of compound talents.

Fourth, strengthen the basic education of artificial intelligence. Relying on the rich educational resources in Beijing, improve the basic education system of artificial intelligence, innovate the training mode of artificial intelligence, strengthen the talent reserve and echelon construction, speed up the pace of artificial intelligence personnel training, and form a multi-level talent training system.

Fifth, the construction of artificial intelligence discipline. We will improve the layout of disciplines in the field of artificial intelligence, set up artificial intelligence specialties, and promote the construction of first-tier disciplines of artificial intelligence. Universities and scientific research institutes are encouraged to broaden the content of artificial intelligence education and form a training model for compound majors. We will strengthen industry-university-research cooperation and encourage enterprises to cooperate with universities and scientific research institutes in the construction of artificial intelligence disciplines.

4.6 build a public platform and service system, and improve the industry ecosystem

First, build an artificial intelligence resource platform to promote collaborative innovation. At the government level, we support the in-depth cooperation among artificial intelligence enterprises, universities, and scientific research institutions in Beijing, bringing together a number of professionals, such as well-known artificial intelligence scientists, outstanding talents, outstanding engineers, traditional industry experts, and so on. Explore the common technology of artificial intelligence, artificial intelligence and vertical industry collaborative innovation model, and build a public platform for artificial intelligence resources.

Second, build an open source service platform and public database to provide platform support. Support the construction of open source development platform, open technology network, open source community and open computing service platform. Jointly open up the industry chain, establish unified industry standards and agreements, jointly mark reliable industry data, establish a public platform and database for the artificial intelligence industry, and provide public platform support for the development of the industry.

Third, attach great importance to patents and standardization, and compete for the right to speak internationally. Establish a patented public service platform. Relying on Beijing artificial Intelligence Patent Innovation Center, it brings together patent service advantage units to form the high-end service capability of the whole chain of intellectual property rights. Set up a patent alliance, form the core patent pool of the whole industry of artificial intelligence, jointly establish a knowledge industry service model facing international competition, and occupy the commanding heights of patents.

Fourth, set up the technological innovation alliance of Beijing artificial intelligence industry to provide public services. Relying on the Beijing Frontier International Institute of artificial Intelligence, the Beijing artificial Intelligence Industry technological Innovation Alliance is composed of many innovative elements in the field of artificial intelligence, such as scientific research institutes, industry leaders, innovative enterprises, investment and financing institutions, incubation acceleration, education and cultivation, industrial parks and so on. The role of the alliance is to link the government and industry, connect the resources of the industrial chain, and work together to solve the problems of industry development. Relying on the alliance in the industry public platform, database construction, patent protection and other aspects to provide public services, to provide the main body for the creation of industry ecology.

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