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This article mainly explains "how to install and manage multiple Node versions of NVM". The explanation in the article is simple and clear and easy to learn and understand. Please follow the editor's train of thought to study and learn "how to install and manage multiple Node versions of NVM".

We build projects that often require older versions of node. For example, the current supported version of Hexo is v12, while the latest stable version of Node is v14. At this point, to avoid bug, we need to switch to the Node version.

This tutorial applies to:

Linux (x86 architecture & ARM architecture)

MacOS (x86 architecture & ARM architecture)

Windows (X86 architecture, ARM architecture not tested)

Warning ⚠️: it is not recommended to use n modules under NPM to manage node versions

Environmental preparation

For different operating systems, we prepare different NVM tools. The following is the project address. If you are interested, you can go to the project source address. Ow:

For Mac/Linux: https://github.com/nvm-sh/nvm

For Windows: https://github.com/coreybutler/nvm-windows

Before configuring, please uninstall the Node version you have installed and the configured environment variables in advance to avoid conflicts.

Windows configuration method

There are two ways to configure NVM under Windows according to the configuration method of NVM project address:

Installer installation

Manual configuration (recommended)

The reason why it is not recommended to install NVM with an installer is that it is inconvenient to manage. There is essentially no difference between the two methods.

Opt1: installer

Enter the NVM-Windows project release address: github.com/coreybutler … Select the latest release nvm-setup.zip to download:

After that, extract the compressed file and click install:

Note here that ⚠️: the installation and configuration path of NVM should not be in Chinese, because our Windows virtual machine only allocates C disk, and you'd better install it to D disk and other user disks:

After the installation is complete, under CMD or Powershell, type NVM to find that the installation is complete:

Opt2: manually configure [push]

This is my recommended method. We download the NVM project file and configure it manually. Go to the project release address and download nvm-noinstall.zip:

Extract it into a blank file, and this folder is the NVM address directory. For example, my address here is: d:\ myEnvironment\ nvm

After that, find the computer's environment variables, such as Windows10: right-click this computer-Advanced system Settings-Environment variables:

Finally, add the environment variable:

NVM_HOME:NVM address directory, for example: d:\ myEnvironment\ nvm

NVM_SYMLINK:NVM configures a soft link for Node.js, which needs to point to a directory that does not exist (created automatically when NVM is used), such as D:\ myEnvironment\ nodejs

Append content to Path, append content:

% NVM_HOME%%NVM_SYMLINK%

After the installation is complete, under CMD or Powershell, type NVM to find that the installation is complete:

Configure domestic sources

It is a bit difficult for Chinese mainland to connect to the official Node.js and NPM servers, even if the download is slow and sometimes it cannot be downloaded and used directly. So we changed NVM and Node.js into domestic sources:

Go to your NVM installation path, open the setting.txt file (if not, just create it), and change:

Root: d:\ myEnvironment\ nvmpath: d:\ myEnvironment\ nodejsarch: 64proxy: nonenode_mirror: https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node/npm_mirror: https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/npm/

Explain the parameters here:

The installation address of root:NVM. That is,% NVM_HOME% above

Path: the storage path when node.js is activated, that is,% NVM_SYMLINK% above

Arch: system architecture. If your Windwos is not x64, enter 32.

Proxy: whether to act as an agent or not

Download source for node_mirror:node.js

Download source for npm_mirror:npm

MacOS/Linux configuration method

Although you can install NVM using project package management tools (such as Homebrew, APT), it is recommended that macOS and Linux use manual configuration methods (Git installation, regular installation) to install NVM. This article also explains how to install NVM using a non-project package manager.

Opt1: official script

Official script, need to connect to Github, if your device can not effectively connect to Github, please choose another method (such as: regular installation, Git installation)

Terminal uses curl

Curl-o-https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.38.0/install.sh | bash

Or use wget

Wget-qO- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.38.0/install.sh | bash

Because the official project is still being updated, pasting scripts here may be out of date. It is recommended that you enter the official project address and paste it.

After installation, append to the environment variable according to the Shell you use:

Export NVM_DIR= "$HOME/.nvm" [- s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"] &\. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" # This loads nvm [- s "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion"] & &. "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion" # This loads nvm bash_completion

Generally, macOS is appended in ~ / .zshrc, and Linux is appended in ~ / .bashrc without manually configuring ZSH:

Finally, you can overload the environment variable configuration in Terminal:

# For macOS/Linux With ZSHsource ~ / .zshrc # For Linux With Bashsource ~ / .bashrc

If the terminal enters the nvm command, it will not report the command not find, for example:

Nvm-v

Opt2:Git installation

Git is also officially recommended for configuration, but it is still official to use Github. Domestic connections... So, I recommend using Gitee, typing in Terminal for the last time:

# enter the home directory cd ~ # download the source code git clone https://gitee.com/mirrors/nvm.git# and rename it to .nvmmv nvm .nvm

After we have installed NVM, we need to configure to the environment variable:

# Bash Shell user vim ~ / .profile # ZSH Shell user vim ~ / .zshrc

In the environment variable, append:

Export NVM_DIR= "$HOME/.nvm" [- s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"] &\. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" # This loads nvm

Finally, you can overload the environment variable configuration in Terminal:

# For macOS/Linux With ZSHsource ~ / .zshrc # For Linux With Bashsource ~ / .bashrc

If the terminal enters the nvm command, it will not report the command not find, for example:

Nvm-v

Opt3: general installation

A regular installation is actually a manual implementation of Opt1 or Opt2. Download the nvm source code manually and unzip it and rename it to .nvm. Finally, add the

Export NVM_DIR= "$HOME/.nvm" [- s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"] &\. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" # This loads nvm

Go to the environment variable and overload it.

Configure domestic sources

On the mainland side, the connection between Node and NPM sources is a bit busy, and NVM is also relatively slow, so we switch to domestic sources before using it. Temporary use: enter in the terminal

Export NVM_NODEJS_ORG_MIRROR= https://npm.taobao.org/mirrors/node/

If you need to use it for a long time, configure it in the configuration file.

Manage and install Node.js

Windows version and macOS/Linux version of NVM, the operation is basically the same, especially the command to manage Node.js

In this chapter, the mode of one step and two diagrams is adopted (one is the operation screenshot of the Windwos version of NVM, the other is the operation screenshot of the macOS/Linux version)

1. Check the version of nvm list

View the installed version:

two。 View installable version

How do I view the version of Node.js installed through NVM? You can use the NVM command directly:

# macOS/Linuxnvm ls-remote-lts# Windowsnvm list available

3. Install Node.js

We install v12.21 version node:

4. Activate the Node.js version

After we have installed Node.js, we need to activate

Nvm use 12.21

Test what can be used:

How to uninstall

If you need to uninstall the Node.js installed by NVM and NVM, it is also simple and there are no residual files.

Windwos

Windwos users, if installed with an installer, can use their own anti-installation shortcuts. Let's take a look at how the manual configuration method is uninstalled.

1. Delete NVM and Node.js soft links

The deleted address is the one during installation:

NVM_HOME:NVM address directory, for example: d:\ myEnvironment\ nvm

NVM_SYMLINK:NVM configures the soft chain of Node.js. For example: d:\ myEnvironment\ nodejs

two。 Delete environment variabl

After that: right-click this computer-Advanced system Settings-Environment variables:

Delete NVM_HOME, NVM_SYMLINK, and PATH above:

% NVM_HOME%%NVM_SYMLINK%

MacOS/Linux

MacOS and Linux are easier. Terminal executes:

# Delete NVM and Node.jsrm-rf ~ / .nvm # Delete possible NPMrm-rf ~ / .npn

Remove within the environment variable:

Export NVM_DIR= "$HOME/.nvm" [- s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"] &\. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" # This loads nvm [- s "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion"] & &. "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion" # This loads nvm bash_completion

At this point, the NVM is uninstalled completely.

Operation example Hexo blog

When building a Hexo blog, it is best to use Node.js v12 for now (2021.07). So, when I set up a Hexo blog, I generally like to switch from Node.js to v12:

Minecraft panel

I'll dig a hole here, and then I'll have a chance to talk to you about how to use Node.js to compile the control panel of Minecraft.

VUE

Needless to say, there are just a few ways to install VUE. Installing VUE with Node.js 's package management tool NPM is perfectly normal and easy to run:

Thank you for reading, the above is the content of "how to install and manage multiple Node versions of NVM". After the study of this article, I believe you have a deeper understanding of how NVM installs and manages multiple Node versions, and the specific use needs to be verified in practice. Here is, the editor will push for you more related knowledge points of the article, welcome to follow!

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