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HyperLeger Fabric Development (1)-- A brief introduction to HyperLeger

2025-01-28 Update From: SLTechnology News&Howtos shulou NAV: SLTechnology News&Howtos > Internet Technology >

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HyperLeger Fabric development (1)-- introduction to HyperLeger 1. Introduction to HyperLeger 1. Introduction to HyperLeger

Hyperledger (Super ledger) is an open source project launched by the Linux Foundation in 2015 to promote blockchain digital technology and transaction verification. The goal is to enable members to work together to build an open platform to meet a variety of user cases from many different industries and simplify business processes. Due to the characteristics of peer-to-peer network, distributed account book technology is completely shared, transparent and decentralized, so it is very suitable for applications in the financial industry, as well as other industries such as manufacturing, banking, insurance, Internet of things and so on. Through the creation of public standards for distributed books, virtual and digital value exchanges are realized, such as asset contracts, energy transactions, marriage certificates, safe, efficient and low-cost tracking and transactions.

Hyperledger is a joint project, the super ledger is composed of subprojects for different purposes and scenarios, including 10 projects, including 5 blockchain framework projects: Fabric,Sawtooth,Iroha,Burrow and Indy; blockchain tool projects: Cello,Composer,Explorer,Caliper and Quilt.

All Hyperledger projects comply with the Apache v2 license and agree to abide by the following basic principles:

A. pay attention to modular design: including technical scenarios such as transaction, contract, consistency, identity, storage, etc.

B, pay attention to code readability: ensure that new features and modules can be easily added and extended.

C, sustainable evolution route: with the deepening of requirements and more application scenarios, continue to increase and evolve new projects.

The Apache v2 license is a business-friendly, well-known open source agreement that encourages code sharing, respects the copyright of the original author, and allows code modification and redistribution (as open source or commercial software).

Hyperledger Community currently has members of more than 200 world-renowned companies and institutions (most of them are leaders in their respective industries), including more than 40 local companies from China, including Onchain, Sany heavy Industry, Wanda Technology, Huawei, Baidu, Tencent and so on.

The digital currency represented by Bitcoin provides the prototype of the application of blockchain technology, the intelligent contract platform represented by Taifang extends the function of blockchain technology, and Hyperledger opens up a new field of blockchain technology by further introducing access control and security. Hyperledger introduces blockchain technology into the application scenario of distributed alliance account book for the first time, which lays a solid foundation for building an efficient business network based on blockchain technology in the future.

The emergence of the Hyperledger project actually announces that the blockchain technology is not only limited to a single application scenario, but also to a completely open public chain mode. Blockchain technology has been formally recognized by the mainstream enterprise market and adopted in practice. At the same time, many innovative designs and concepts have been proposed and implemented in Hyperledger, including complete authority and review management, fine-grained privacy protection and pluggable and scalable implementation framework, which will have a far-reaching impact on the development of blockchain-related technologies and industries.

Hyperledger official website:

Https://www.hyperledger.org/

Hyperledger source hosting:

Https://github.com/hyperledger

Hyperledger Chinese documents:

Https://github.com/HyperledgerCN/hyperledgerDocs

Https://hyperledgercn.github.io/hyperledgerDocs/

2. Hyperledger community organization structure

Since its establishment, the Hyperledger community has drawn lessons from the experience of many open source community organizations and formed an active application-oriented architecture with technology development as the main body.

The project development of the Hyperledger community is directed by the Technical Committee (Technical Steering Committee,TSC), with CTO Chris Ferris from IBM's open source technology department as the first chairman, and CEO Blythe Masters from Digital Asset Holdings as the chairman of the management committee. Since May 2016, Brian Behlendorf, founder of the Apache Foundation, has served as the first Executive Director (Executive Director) of the Super Book Project.

The Hyperledger community attaches great importance to the application landing and development in Greater China. In December 2016, the Greater China Technical working Group was formally established to promote the construction of local community organizations and related technological development and application work.

The Hyperledger community is organized as follows:

The Hyperledger community is currently dominated by a troika-led structure:

Technical Steering Committee (Technical Committee) is responsible for technology-related work, with a number of working groups to specifically drive the development of various projects and directions.

The Governing Board (Management Board) is responsible for the overall decision-making of the community organization, and representatives are elected from among the Hyperledger members.

Linux Foundation (Linux Foundation) is responsible for fund management and helps the Hyperledger community develop with the support of the Linux Foundation.

The Linux Foundation and the Hyperledger community attach great importance to the application and implementation of the project in Greater China, and hope to facilitate developers to contribute to the open source community. Therefore, Brian Behlendorf, the first executive director of Hyperledger, proposed the establishment of a Greater China Technical working Group (TWG-China) on December 1, 2016, which was unanimously supported and approved by TSC members.

The Wiki homepage address of the Greater China Technical working Group:

Https://wiki.hyperledger.org/groups/tsc/technical-working-group-china

The main responsibilities of the Greater China Technical working Group include:

A. lead and guide technology development activities in Greater China, including contributing code, documentation, project proposals, etc.

B, promote technology-related exchanges, promote cooperation among member enterprises and the landing of practical cases.

C, promote the technical exchange among community developers through mailing lists, RocketChat, forums and so on.

D. assist in organizing community activities, including Meetup, * pine, Hackfest, technology sharing, training, etc.

At present, the working group is composed of dozens of technical experts from IBM, Oracle, Wanda, Huawei, Baidu and other Hyperledger member enterprises, and has received the support of many volunteers from the community. The meetings and activities of the working group are open, and the relevant ways to participate can be found on the home page of Wiki.

3. Hyperledger top-level project

All Hyperledger projects generally need to go through five life cycles: Proposal, Incubation, Active, Deprecated and End of Life. Any project that wants to join the Hyperledger community must first be written by the sponsor. Describe the purpose, scope and development plan of the project and other important information, and by the technical committee to review and vote, the review can be entered into the community for incubation. When the project matures, you can apply to enter the active state, release the official version, and finally withdraw from the community.

(1) Hyperledger Fabric

Hyperledger Fabric is the basic core platform of blockchain, with the goal of becoming a distributed ledger platform for enterprise-oriented development applications and solutions, innovative introduction of rights management support, design support for pluggable and extensible, is the first open source project for alliance chain scenarios, and the first top-level project to join the Hyperledger project, which was submitted to the community by IBM, DAH and other enterprises at the end of 2015.

Hyperledger Fabric is based on the Goto language implementation, including Fabric, Fabric CA, Fabric SDK (including Node.Js, Python, Java and other languages) and fabric-api and other sub-projects, is currently active, has released 1.2 official version, has been submitted more than 10000 times, the core code number of more than 80, 000 lines.

Gerrit address: https://gerrit.hyperledger.org/r/#/admin/projects/fabric

GitHub address: https://github.com/hyperledger/fabric

(2) Hyperledger Sawtooth

Sawtooth is a highly modular distributed ledger platform for creating, deploying, and running distributed ledgers. Sawtooth is implemented in Python and has been submitted more than 7000 times. It was submitted to the community by companies such as Intel in April 2016.

The Sawtooth project makes use of the exclusive function of Intel chip, supports the brand-new Proof of Elapsed Time (PoET) consensus mechanism based on hardware chip, and supports transaction family (Transaction Family), which is convenient for users to develop applications rapidly.

GitHub address: https://github.com/hyperledger/sawtooth-core

(3) Hyperledger Iroha

Hyperledger Iroha is a lightweight distributed ledger, a business blockchain framework for simple and easy integration into infrastructure projects that require distributed ledger technology.

The Hyperledger Iroha project, based on C++ implementation, with features for Web and Mobile, was submitted to the community by Soramitsu and other enterprises in October 2016, and has been submitted more than 6000 times so far.

GitHub address: https://github.com/hyperledger/iroha

(4) Hyperledger Burrow

The Hyperledger Burrow project provides an intelligent contract blockchain platform that supports ethernet virtual machines, and supports Proof-of-Stake consensus mechanism (Tendermint) and rights management to provide fast blockchain transactions.

Hyperledger Burrow, formerly known as eris-db, is implemented in the GE language and has been submitted more than 1600 times. It was submitted to the community by Monax, Intel and other enterprises in April 2017.

Hyperledger Burrow provides a modular blockchain client with a licensed intelligent contract interpreter, adopts some technical specifications of Ethernet Fong Virtual Machine (EVM), provides support for Ethernet Virtual Machine, and implements an authorized blockchain platform that supports efficient transactions.

GitHub address: https://github.com/hyperledger/burrow

(5) Hyperledger Indy

Hyperledger Indy is committed to building a digital center management platform based on blockchain and distributed account book technology, supporting decentralization, supporting cross-block chain and cross-application operations, and realizing global digital identity management.

The Hyperledger Indy project is mainly developed by the Python language, including service nodes, clients and common libraries. It officially joined the Hyperledger project at the end of March 2017 and has been submitted more than 2000 times.

GitHub address: https://github.com/hyperledger/indy-node

(6) Hyperledger Explorer

The positioning of the Hyperledger Explorer project is a browser for the blockchain platform, which is implemented in Node.js language and provides an Web interface, which is submitted to the community by Intel, DTCC, IBM and other enterprises in August 2016. Hyperledger Explorer can view, invoke, deploy, or query blocks, transactions and related data, network information, chain codes and transaction sequences, and any other relevant information stored in the ledger.

Gerrit address:

Https://gerrit.hyperledger.org/r/#/admin/projects/blockchain-explorer

GitHub address: https://github.com/hyperledger/blockchain-explorer

(7) Hyperledger Cello

The Hyperledger Cello project is positioned as a blockchain management platform and provides blockchain as a service (Blockchain-as-a-Service) to achieve rapid deployment of the blockchain environment and runtime management of the blockchain platform. Hyperledger Cello allows blockchain applications to focus on application development without paying attention to the management and maintenance of the underlying platform.

The main development languages of Cello are Python and JavaScript, and the underlying support includes bare metal, virtual machines, container cloud (including Swarm, Kubernetes) and other infrastructure. IBM's technical team contributed it to the community in January 2017 and has submitted it more than 500 times.

Gerrit address: https://gerrit.hyperledger.org/r/#/admin/projects/cello

GitHub address:

Core code: https://github.com/hyperledger/cello

Focus on data analysis: https://github.com/hyperledger/cello-analytics

(8) Hyperledger Composer

Hyperledger Composer is a collaborative tool dedicated to providing a Hyperledger Fabric development assistance framework, developers can use Hyperledger Fabric language to define application logic, coupled with resources, participants, transactions and other models and access rules to generate chain codes supported by javascript.

The Hyperledger Composer project is mainly developed by the NodeJs language and contributed to the community by the IBM team at the end of March 2017. so far, it has been submitted more than 5000 times.

GitHub address: https://github.com/hyperledger/composer

(9) Hyperledger Caliper

Hyperledger Caliper is a blockchain benchmark performance evaluation framework that allows users to test specific blockchain technology solutions through a series of preset use cases.

The report generated by Hyperledger Caliper will contain a series of blockchain performance metrics, such as TPS (average transactions per second), latency, system resource usage, etc. The test results of Hyperledger Caliper will help other Hyperledger projects to develop, and at the same time provide a reference basis for users to choose the implementation of block chain that meets specific needs.

The key component of Hyperledger Caliper is the adaptation layer, which integrates different blockchain implementations with the Caliper framework. An adapter is implemented for each environment to be tested (SUT), which converts the northbound interface (NBI) of Caliper into a protocol implemented by the corresponding blockchain. The northbound interface of Caliper is a series of general block chain interfaces, including various operations that interact with the back-end block chain system (such as installing smart contracts, calling smart contracts, querying account status, etc.).

The Hyperledger Caliper project, mainly developed in NodeJs, was contributed by Huawei to the Hyperledger community in March 2018 and has been submitted more than 190 times.

GitHub address: https://github.com/hyperledger/caliper

(10) Hyperledger Quilt

Hyperledger Quilt, a Java implementation of the Interledger Protocol (ILP) protocol, is a middleware that connects different books (ledger) and is used to create transactions across books.

Interledger Protocol (ILP) defines the interactive process between distributed books and distributed books, and between traditional books and distributed books. It is a payment protocol that aims to transfer value between distributed books and traditional books.

Hyperledger Quilt can connect the Hyperledger blockchain with ILP-enabled payment systems such as XRP Ledger,Ethereum,Bitcoin (Lightning), Litecoin,Mojaloop and RippleNet.

The Hyperledger Quilt project, mainly developed by Java language, was contributed to the Hyperledger community by NTT Data and Ripple in October 2017. so far, it has been submitted more than 70 times.

GitHub address: https://github.com/hyperledger/quilt

2. Hyperledger development tools 1, Linux Foundation ID

The Hyperledger project is supported by the Linux Foundation and uses Linux Foundatio ID (LF ID) as the only ID in the community.

Individual application for ID is completely free, and you can register with https://identity.linuxfoundation.org/.

Users can access development tools including Jira, Gerrit, RocketChat and other communities by using LF ID.

2. Jira task and schedule management

Jira is a set of tracking platform for task management and event tracking developed by Atlassian company, which provides Web operation interface and uses ten aspects.

The Hyperledger community uses jira.hyperledger.org as the entry point for tracking all project development plans and tasks, and can log in using LF ID.

After logging in, you can view items related to a project through the top Project menu, and you can quickly create items through the Create button (common ones include task, bug, improvement, and so on).

After opening the item, the user can assign it to himself through the assign button to pick up the item. Matters are divided into TODO (pending), In Process (in process), In Review (patches submitted, to be reviewed), Done (work completed) and other states, which are maintained by the item owner.

3. Gerrit code warehouse and Review management

Gerrit is an open source project responsible for code collaboration, and many enterprises and teams use Gerrit for code repository management and code review. Gerrit is very easy to use and provides a Web-based interface.

The Hyperledger community uses gerrit.hyperledger.org as the official code repository and synchronizes the code to github.com/hyperledger in real time as a read-only mirror.

After logging in using their own LF ID, users can view all the project information, as well as the patches they have submitted. The modification history is automatically tracked on the page of each patch, and the reviewer can review it through the page. If you agree to submit, you can add points, and if you find a problem, indicate the problem and reduce the score.

4. RocketChat online communication

In addition to mailing lists, the community also provides developers with an online communication channel, RocketChat.

RocketChat is a very powerful online communication software that supports multimedia messages, attachments, reminders, search and other functions. Although it is open source software, it is comparable to commercial software Slack in experience. Support includes a variety of clients, including web pages, desktops, mobile and so on.

The Hyperledger community uses chat.hyperledger.org as the server. Users can visit the website by logging in directly using their own LF ID. Then you can add your own channels of interest to the project.

Users can also download the RocketChat client and add chat.hyperledger.org as a server to access the channels in the community and communicate with developers online.

Typically, each project has a channel with the same name as the main channel, such as # Fabric, # Cello, and so on. At the same time, each working group often has its own channel, for example, the channel of the Greater China Technical working Group is # twg-china

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