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This article mainly introduces "how to use pygame to achieve gluttonous snake game in python". In daily operation, I believe that many people have doubts about how to use pygame to achieve gluttonous snake game in python. Xiaobian consulted all kinds of materials and sorted out simple and easy-to-use methods of operation. I hope it will be helpful for everyone to answer the doubt of "how to use pygame to achieve gluttonous snake game in python". Next, please follow the editor to study!

Create a snake

First of all, first of all, analyze the movement of the snake, otherwise we will certainly lose (don't ask, ask is that you have written a bunch of invalid code).

In fact, the movement of the snake is not as complex as expected, each module needs to have a direction, according to the direction to move.

In fact, it is actually a feeling of getting out of the team, that is, each element takes the place of the previous element, and then move the head node according to the current direction of the gluttonous snake.

Snake.py:

""? Class "" import pygameclass Snake (): def _ _ init__ (self,snake_color,snake_head_color,x,y,lattice_wh): self.color = snake_color self.head_color = snake_head_color # coordinates of the upper left corner of the lattice self.pos = (xmemy) self.lattice_wh = lattice_wh self.rect = pygame.Rect Self.lattice_wh) self.move_distance = {0: (0jue 0), 1: (0mai Self.latticefolwh), 2: (0, self.lattice_wh), 3: (- self.lattice_wh,0), 4: (self.lattice_wh,0)} def move (self) Direction): self.rect.x+ = self.move_ distance [direction] [0] self.rect.y+ = self.move_ distance [direction] [1] def forecast (self,direction): return (self.rect.x+self.move_ distance [direction] [0], self.rect.y+self.move_ distance [direction] [1]))

To create a snake, you need to give a location (coordinates) and enter a color.

In order to distinguish the head node, I pass in two colors, one is the color of the head node and the other is the color of the body part.

(in fact, the color does not need to be given here, just pass one in update.)

The main part of a snake is to move. Here are two ways:

1. The movement method is aimed at the movement of the head node.

two。 The way to predict the moving position is to determine where the snake will move next to see if it will hit itself / the wall or eat food.

In order to make it easier for us to deal with the direction, I used the hash method (which is actually a dictionary) to record the coordinate changes in each direction.

[that direction is 0, at the beginning our snake is fixed, so I added one (0pc0)]

At first, we created a snakes list in the main file to store all the snake nodes, and added the first two nodes (the head and the body of the first part)

# Snakehead & 1 snake body snakes = [] snakes.append (Snake (snake_color,snake_head_color,lattice_wh,24*lattice_wh,lattice_wh)) snakes.append (Snake (snake_color,snake_head_color,0,24*lattice_wh,lattice_wh)) to create food

This part is mainly to randomly generate a location, and then make sure that the location is not on the snake.

Food category:

Pass in color, rendered interface, width of a grid, and coordinates

In addition, I also provide a method to draw circles (pos is coordinate, radius is diameter)

Circle function parameters: interface screen, color, position (tuple form), diameter, line width.

Here we can draw a disk by setting the line to the diameter. (note that the width must be of int type and needs to be strongly changed.)

Import pygameclass Food (): def _ _ init__ (self,food_color,screen,lattice_wh,x,y): self.screen = screen self.food_color = food_color self.lattice_wh = lattice_wh self.radius = lattice_wh/2 self.x,self.y = x def draw y def draw (self): pos = (self.x+self.lattice_wh/2) Self.y+self.lattice_wh/2) pygame.draw.circle (self.screen,self.food_color,pos,self.radius,int (self.radius))

In fuc.py, write a function to generate food:

Def create_food (food_color,screen,lattice_wh,snakes): success = 0xPower0 while not success: XRecience y = randint (0meme24), randint (0meme24) x * = lattice_wh y * = lattice_wh for i in snakes: if (xPowery)! = (i.rect.x) I.rect.y): success = 1 break food = Food (food_color,screen,lattice_wh,x,y) return food

Randint generates an integer position, multiplied by the width of the grid, and we can get the coordinates of the upper left corner of the grid to see if it is on the snake or not.

The movement of a snake

Only the method was given before, but now let's implement it.

There are three situations in which a snake moves:

Hit yourself or the border.

Eat food

Normal movement

If it is the first, directly end the game, in the third we will follow the above, move the body forward one bit, modify the head node.

But the second, when it comes to adding an object to snakes, we need to figure out where to add it.

When we are about to encounter food, we add the food location to the top of the list.

Achieve:

The game_stats here is for the items that need to be passed and modified in the game, so it looks better to integrate them into a list:

Game_stats = [if_lose,direction,num,food]

The state variable of whether the game ends, the direction of the snakehead (1234: up and down, 0 is still), the number of food eaten, and the example of the food.

Def going (snakes,snake_color,snake_head_color,lattice_wh,game_stats,food_color,screen): "Snake movement and steering problems" # initial state There is no need to move if not game_stats [1]: return # predicted position (XMagney) = snakes [0] .colliast (game_stats [1]) # hit the boundary if x =-lattice_wh or x = = 25*lattice_wh or y = =-lattice_wh or y = = 25*lattice_wh: game_stats [0] = 0 return # eat food if (x Y) = (game_stats [3] .x, game_stats [3] .y): head = Snake (snake_color,snake_head_color,x,y,lattice_wh) snakes.insert (0head) game_stats [2] + = 1 game_stats [3] = create_food (food_color,screen,lattice_wh,snakes) return # bumped into the snake body for i in snakes: if (x Y) = = (i.room.xreco.ifu.y): game_stats [0] = 0 return # none On the normal mobile for i in range (len (snakes)-1): snakes [I] .room.x = snakes.snakes.ang.y = snacks [I-1] .tim.y snakes [0] .move (game_stats [1])

Can we write about the normal movement here?

Snake [I] = snacks [I-1]

This doesn't work. In python, the assignment is to assign the address to the past, so we are actually pointing two instances to the same address.

For snakes [1], when we point to snakes [0] and then modify snakes [0], the two are merged into one, and the whole snake body is missing.

Key sensing

We control the direction of the snake by pressing four buttons up and down, so we also need to modify the check_events.

First of all, the snake can not press down in the case of up, so there is a conflict of direction, take a small notebook and write it down.

# Direction conflict conflict = {pygame.K_RIGHT:4, pygame.K_LEFT: 3, pygame.K_UP: 1, pygame.K_DOWN: 2, 0:0, # this is a pure make-up, the problem is not 1:2, 2:1, 3:4, 4:3}

Event detection:

Def check_events (game_stats,conflict,snakes,snake_color,snake_head_color, lattice_wh,food_color Screen): for event in pygame.event.get (): if event.type = = pygame.KEYDOWN: # Button match if event.key in conflict: ret = conflict [event.key] # determine whether the direction we entered conflicts with the current direction It can be modified without conflict. Then assign if conflict [ret]! = game_stats [1]: game_stats [1] = ret # call the mobile function going (snakes,snake_color,snake_head_color, lattice_wh,game_stats,food_color Screen) elif event.type = = pygame.QUIT: sys.exit ()

(in this part, it's no problem to change direction and not to use going.)

Integration part

The rest of the job is to string the whole together.

Replaced the previous time.sleep and changed it to set the frame rate.

Import pygamefrom fuc import * from snake import Snakefrom time import sleepfrom food import Food# basic attributes lattice_wh = 20 # length and width _ color = (84,255,159) snake_head_color = (123,104,238) food_color = (255,64,64) # drawing interface pygame.init () screen = pygame.display.set_mode ((25*lattice_wh) 25*lattice_wh)) pygame.display.set_caption ('gluttonous snake') # set frame rate FPS=10level = 0. 9 # every time you eat Interval shortening factor FPSClock=pygame.time.Clock () if_lose = 1if_food = snake direction direction = score Eat one point num = snakehead & 1 snake body snakes = [] snakes.append (Snake (snake_color,snake_head_color,lattice_wh,24*lattice_wh,lattice_wh)) snakes.append (Snake (snake_color,snake_head_color,0,24*lattice_wh,lattice_wh)) # Food food = create_food (food_color,screen,lattice_wh,snakes) # Game status package game_stats = [if_lose,direction,num Food] # Direction conflict conflict = {pygame.K_RIGHT:4, pygame.K_LEFT: 3, pygame.K_UP: 1, pygame.K_DOWN: 2, 0:0, 1:2, 2:1, 3:4, 4:3} while game_stats [0]: update (screen,lattice_wh,snakes,game_stats) check_events (game_stats,conflict,snakes,snake_color,snake_head_color Lattice_wh,food_color,screen) going (snakes,snake_color,snake_head_color,lattice_wh,game_stats,food_color,screen) FPSClock.tick (FPS* level**num)

Then modify the update function:

Def update (screen,lattice_wh,snakes,game_stats): "" screen refresh "" # background color screen.fill ((255255255)) # painting snake, you need to draw first Otherwise, the grid will be covered by pygame.draw.rect (screen,snakes [0] .head _ color,snakes [0] .rect) for i in range (1jue len (snakes)): pygame.draw.rect (screen, snakes [I] .color, snakes [I] .rect) # draw grid for i in range (25): pygame.draw.line (screen, (105,105105), (0LATTIX whorei), Lattice_wh*i)) for i in range (25): pygame.draw.line (screen, (105,105,105), (lattice_wh*i,0), (lattice_wh*i,500)) # draw food game_stats [3] .draw () pygame.display.flip () here On the "python how to use pygame to achieve the game of Snake" study is over, I hope to be able to solve your doubts. The collocation of theory and practice can better help you learn, go and try it! If you want to continue to learn more related knowledge, please continue to follow the website, the editor will continue to work hard to bring you more practical articles!

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