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This article mainly explains "how to expand the hard disk partition under the Linux system". The content in the article is simple and clear, and it is easy to learn and understand. Please follow the editor's train of thought to study and learn "how to expand the hard disk partition under the Linux system".

When the hard disk is almost full, add the hard disk to expand its capacity, regardless of whether it is an independent server or a newly purchased hard disk bought by Cloud Space.

First, mount the hard disk to the directory directly without using lvm

1. Check the partition of the hard disk

The code is as follows:

[root@iZ94zz3wqciZ ~] # df

Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on

/ dev/xvda1 20641404 14778400 4814480 76%

Tmpfs 509300 0 509300 / dev/shm

[root@iZ94zz3wqciZ ~] # fdisk-l

Disk / dev/xvda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00078f9c

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/ dev/xvda1 * 1 2611 20970496 83 Linux / / id is 83, non-lvm

Disk / dev/xvdb: 23.6 GB, 23622320128 bytes / / newly purchased hard disk

255 heads, 56 sectors/track, 3230 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 14280 * 512 = 7311360 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x27cc1f5a

2. Partition the hard disk and check the partition situation

The code is as follows:

[root@iZ94zz3wqciZ] # fdisk-S 56 / dev/xvdb / / Partition

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

Switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

Sectors (command'u').

Command (m for help): n / / enter n

Command action

E extended

P primary partition (1-4)

P / / primary partition

Partition number (1-4): 1 / / partition code 1

First cylinder (1-3230, default 1):

Using default value 1

Last cylinder, + cylinders or + size {KMagne Mpeng} (1-3230, default 3230):

Using default value 3230

Command (m for help): wq / / Save and exit

The partition table has been altered!

[root@iZ94zz3wqciZ ~] # fdisk-l

Disk / dev/xvda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes

255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x00078f9c

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/ dev/xvda1 * 1 2611 20970496 83 Linux

Disk / dev/xvdb: 23.6 GB, 23622320128 bytes

255 heads, 56 sectors/track, 3230 cylinders

Units = cylinders of 14280 * 512 = 7311360 bytes

Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

I size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes

Disk identifier: 0x27cc1f5a

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/ dev/xvdb1 1 3230 23062172 83 Linux / / after partition

3, format the new partition xvdb1

The code is as follows:

[root@iZ94zz3wqciZ ~] # mkfs.ext4 / dev/xvdb1 / / format partition

Mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)

Filesystem label=

OS type: Linux

Block size=4096 (log=2)

Fragment size=4096 (log=2)

Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks

1441792 inodes, 5765543 blocks

288277 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user

First data block=0

Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296

176 block groups

32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group

8192 inodes per group

Superblock backups stored on blocks:

32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208

4096000

Writing inode tables: done

Creating journal (32768 blocks): done

Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done

This filesystem will be automatically checked every 35 mounts or

180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs-c or-i to override.

4. Create a directory and mount the partition

The code is as follows:

[root@iZ94zz3wqciZ ~] # mkdir / mnt/fastdfs / / Mount directory

[root@iZ94zz3wqciZ ~] # echo "/ dev/xvdb1 / mnt/fastdfs ext4 defaults 0" > > / etc/fstab / / restart will mount automatically

[root@iZ94zz3wqciZ ~] # mount-a / / Mount all directories

[root@iZ94zz3wqciZ ~] # df

Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on

/ dev/xvda1 20641404 14778404 4814476 76%

Tmpfs 509300 0 509300 / dev/shm

/ dev/xvdb1 22694396 176064 21365516 1% / mnt/fastdfs / / New partition is mounted

At this point, a separate hard disk is added to the system. This expansion method is easy to operate, but not scalable, so it is not recommended.

Second, use lvm to expand the capacity of the hard disk (recommended)

1. Unmount the previous test and delete the partition

The code is as follows:

[root@iZ94zz3wqciZ ~] # umount-a / / Unmount

[root@iZ94zz3wqciZ ~] # fdisk / dev/xvdb / / partition

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

Switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

Sectors (command'u').

Command (m for help): d / / delete partition

Selected partition 1

Command (m for help): wq / / Save

The partition table has been altered!

2, install lvm

The code is as follows:

[root@iZ94zz3wqciZ nginx] # uname-a / / View kernel information

Linux iZ94zz3wqciZ 2.6.32-431.23.3.el6.x86_64 # 1 SMP Thu Jul 31 17:20:51 UTC 2014 x86 "64 GNU/Linux

[root@iZ94zz3wqciZ ~] # yum install lvm2 device-mapper / / later versions of LVM2,2.6.9 do not need to install device-mapper

[root@iZ94zz3wqciZ nginx] # lsmod | grep dm_mod / / whether dm_mod is loaded

Dm_mod 84337 5 dm_mirror,dm_log

To install lvm, load the device-mapper module first. The device-mapper module has been included since linux kernel 2.6.9, so you just need to load it. Load the mapper module: modprobe dm_mod.

3, create a lvm partition

The code is as follows:

[root@iZ94zz3wqciZ ~] # fdisk / dev/xvdb / / partition

WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to

Switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to

Sectors (command'u').

Command (m for help): l

0 Empty 24 NEC DOS 81 Minix / old Lin bf Solaris

1 FAT12 39 Plan 9 82 Linux swap / So C1 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

2 XENIX root 3c PartitionMagic 83 Linux c4 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

3 XENIX usr 40 Venix 80286 84 OS/2 hidden C: C6 DRDOS/sec (FAT-

4 FAT16

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