Shulou(Shulou.com)06/01 Report--

This article is about how to achieve the full configuration of nagios monitoring tools. The editor thinks it is very practical, so I hope you can get something after reading this article. Let's take a look at it with the editor.

Experimental environment

Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.5 (Santiago)

1. Appache installation

Tar-zxvf httpd-2.2.15.tar.gz

Cd httpd-2.2.15

/ configure-- prefix=/usr/local/apache2-- enable-so-- enable-mods-shared=all-- enable-cgi-- enable-rewrite-- enable-deflate-- with-mpm=worker

Make

Make install

Add nagios users after installation

Groupadd nagios

Useradd-g nagios-d / home/nagios-m nagios

Passwd nagios

Locate the configuration file / usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf for apache

Modify user group in httpd.conf to the following parameter

find

User daemon

Group daemon

Modify to

User nagios

Group nagios

Modify ServerName=ip (ip address of the server): 80

Mkdir / usr/local/nagios

Chown nagios:nagios / usr/local/nagios

Install php+mysql (mysql may not be installed, but it is best to install it in order to use it in the future) but the environment is red hat 6.5, so it is not installed.

Install mysql

Rpm-ivh MySQL-client-community-5.1.50-1.rhel5.i386.rpm

Rpm-ivh MySQL-devel-community-5.1.50-1.rhel5.i386.rpm

Rpm-ivh MySQL-client-community-5.1.50-1.rhel5.i386.rpm

Install the following software before installing php:

1. Install zlib (you need to install zlib before installing libpng and gd)

Tar-zxvf zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz

Cd zlib-1.2.3

. / configure-- prefix=/usr/local/zlib

Make

Make install

two。 Install libpng

Tar-zxvf libpng-1.2.18.tar.gz

Cd libpng-1.2.18

. / configure-- prefix=/usr/local/libpng

Make

Make install

3. Install freetype

Tar-zxvf freetype-2.3.12.tar.gz

Cd freetype-2.3.12

. / configure-- prefix=/usr/local/freetype

Make

Make install

4. Install jpeg

Tar-zxvf jpegsrc.v6b.tar.gz

Cd jpeg-6b

Mkdir / usr/local/jpeg

Mkdir / usr/local/jpeg/bin

Mkdir / usr/local/jpeg/lib

Mkdir / usr/local/jpeg/include

Mkdir / usr/local/jpeg/man

Mkdir / usr/local/jpeg/man/man1

. / configure-- prefix=/usr/local/jpeg-- enable-shared-- enable-static

Make

Make install

If the above make reports an error:

. / libtool-- mode=compile gcc-O2-I. -c. / jcapimin.c

Make:. / libtool: command not found

Make: * * [jcapimin.lo] error 127

First of all, see if libtool and libtool-ltdl-devel are installed.

Rpm-qa | grep libtool

Then enter the jpes-6b source directory, and then perform the following steps, remember to Copy to the point after the current directory (.)

Cp / usr/share/libtool/config/config.sub.

Cp / usr/share/libtool/config/config.guess.

/ / * /

First of all, see if libtool and libtool-ltdl-devel are installed.

1.rpm-qa | grep libtool # wget: http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/libtool/libtool-2.2.6a.tar.gz

#. / configure

# make

# make install

Then go to the jpeg-6b source directory, and then perform the following steps, remember! COPY to the current directory pay attention to the following dot (.)

On the Internet, a lot of people get config.sub and config.guess wrong, it should be under / usr/share/libtool/config/, not in

/ usr/share/libtool/

# cd jpeg

# cp / usr/share/libtool/config/config.sub.

# cp / usr/share/libtool/config/config.guess.

That is, two configuration files in libtool are used to overwrite the corresponding files in the jpeg-6b directory.

Make clean re-configure (remember that you must re-configure, or you will still be prompted for this error)

If you don't have permission, set up the corresponding folder first, and make install it again.

/ / * /

5. Install gd

Tar-zxvf gd-2.0.35.tar.gz

Cd gd-2.0.35

. / configure-prefix=/usr/local/gd-with-jpeg=/usr/local/jpeg-with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype-with-png=/usr/local/libpng/-with-zlib

/ / you will see the following information during compilation

* * Configuration summary for gd 2.0.35:

Support for PNG library: yes

Support for JPEG library: yes

Support for Freetype 2.x library: yes

Support for Fontconfig library: no

Support for Xpm library: no

Support for pthreads: yes

/ / you can see that png, jpeg and freetype are all installed

Make

Make install

If there is an error

Png.h:402:21: error: pngconf.h (or png.h): No such file or directory

In file included from gd_png.c:16:

Png.h:513: error: expected specifier-qualifier-list before 'png_byte'

Copy / usr/local/libpng/include/pngconf.h png.h to the gd-2.0.35 installation directory.

After all the above software is installed, you can install php now

Tar-zxvf php-5.3.2.tar.gz

Cd php-5.3.2

. / configure-- prefix=/usr/local/php5-- with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs-- with-gd=/usr/local/gd-- with-zlib-- with-libpng=/usr/local/libpng-- with-jpeg=/usr/local/jpeg-- with-freetype=/usr/local/freetype-- enable-sockets-- with-iconv-- enable-mbstring-- enable-track-vars-- enable-force-cgi-redirect-- with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php5/etc

. / configure-- prefix=/usr/local/php5-- with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs-- with-zlib-- enable-sockets-- with-iconv-- enable-mbstring-- enable-track-vars-- enable-force-cgi-redirect-- with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php5/etc

Copy something you need.

Make

Make install

Execute after installation

Cp php.ini-development / usr/local/php5/etc/php.ini

Finally, modify httpd.conf so that apache can use php by adding the following parameters

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

And find it.

DirectoryIndex index.html

Modify to

DirectoryIndex index.html index.php

Third, install nagios software

Download nagios-3.2.1.tar.gz (install 4.0)

Tar-zxvf nagios-3.2.1.tar.gz

Cd nagios-3.2.1

. / configure-- prefix=/usr/local/nagios-- with-gd-lib=/usr/local/lib-- with-gd-inc=/usr/local/include

Make all / / compile nagios

Make install / / install main programs, CGI and HTML files

Make install-init / / install startup scripts in / etc/rc.d/init.d

Make install-commandmode / / give external commands access to nagios configuration files

Make install-config / / copy the example of the configuration file to the installation directory of nagios

Verify that the program is installed correctly and switched to / usr/local/nagios

See if there are five etc,bin,sbin,share,var directories

The directory where the bin Nagios executor is located, and the nagios file is the main program

Etc Nagios profile location

The directory where the sbin Nagios cgi file is located, and the directory where the files required to execute the external command are located

The directory where the share Nagios web page file is located

The directory where var Nagios log files, spid and other files are located

Directory where the external plug-in for libexec Nagios is located

Install the nagios plug-in

Download nagios-plugins-1.4.14.tar.gz

Tar-zxvf nagios-plugins-1.4.14.tar.gz

Cd nagios-plugins-1.4.14

. / configure-- prefix=/usr/local/nagios-plugins

. / configure-- prefix=/usr/local/nagios-- with-nagios-user=nagios-- with-nagios-group=nagios

Make all

Make install

After the installation is complete, a libexec directory will be generated in / usr/local/nagios-plugins, and all of this directory will be moved to the / usr/local/nagios directory

Cp-r / usr/local/nagios-plugins/libexec / usr/local/nagios/

Chown-R nagios:nagios / usr/local/nagios/

5. Install imagepak-base

Download imagepak-base.tar.gz

Tar-zxvf imagepak-base.tar.gz

After unzipping, there is a base directory. Copy it to the / usr/local/nagios/share/images/logos directory.

Cp-r base / usr/local/nagios/share/images/logos

Chown-R nagios:nagios / usr/local/nagios/share/images/logos

Configure httpd.conf to use nagios

Add the following after httpd.conf

Vi / usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.conf

# Setting for nagios

ScriptAlias / nagios/cgi-bin / usr/local/nagios/sbin

Options ExecCGI

AllowOverride None

Order allow,deny

Allow from all

AuthName "Nagios Access"

AuthType Basic

AuthUserFile / usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd

Require valid-user

Alias / nagios/ usr/local/nagios/share

Options None

AllowOverride None

Order allow,deny

Allow from all

AuthName "Nagios Access"

AuthType Basic

AuthUserFile / usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd

Require valid-user

DirectoryIndex index.html index.php

Verify the added parameters

/ usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl-t / / check that the configuration file is correct

Generate the authentication file accessed by apache and launch apache for verification

/ usr/local/apache2/bin/htpasswd-c / usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd nagios

Cat / usr/local/nagios/etc/htpasswd / / View the contents of the authentication file

/ usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start / / start apache

So far, all the installation of nagios on the monitoring host has been completed, and the next step is to configure specific monitoring projects.

7. Configure nagios (mainly to define which files are stored in the monitored object)

Preliminary knowledge:

Some basic objects are defined in Nagios, which are commonly used:

Monitoring time period timeperiod 7X24 hours are non-stop or Monday to Friday, or other custom time periods

Who does the contact contact report to if there is a problem? Usually, of course, the system administrator.

The server that the monitored host Host needs to monitor, of course, can be the monitoring machine itself.

The monitoring command command nagios issued which instruction to execute a certain monitoring, which is also defined by itself.

The monitored service Service, such as whether the host is alive, whether port 80 is open, disk usage or custom services, etc.

Note: multiple monitored hosts can be defined as a host group, and multiple contacts can be defined as a contact group.

Modify the configuration file for Nagios:

Vi / usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg / / modify the main configuration file of nagios

# cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/localhost.cfg / / comment this line

Cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg / / Monitoring period profile path

Cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg / / contact profile path

Cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg / / Monitoring command configuration file path

Cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfg / / Host profile path

Cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hostgroups.cfg / / Host Group profile path

Cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/services.cfg / / Service profile path

Cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contactgroups.cfg / / contact group profile path

/ / * /

Cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/commands.cfg

Cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/contacts.cfg

Cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/timeperiods.cfg

Cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/templates.cfg

Cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/dba.cfg

Cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/service.cfg

Cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/servicegroup.cfg

Cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hosts.cfg

Cfg_file=/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects/hostgroups.cfg

/ / * /

Check_external_commands=0 / / change 0 to 1, allowing you to restart Nagios under the web interface

Change command_check_interval=60s / / to 60s, command check interval

Check_external_commands=0 / / change 0 to 1, allowing external_commands to be executed in the web interface

Then check the configuration file for errors

/ usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios-v / usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

If normal, the following information is displayed

Total Warnings: 0

Total Errors: 0

Because the default nagios configuration file does not have hosts.cfg, hostgroups.cfg and other files, an error will be reported during the check, and these files need to be created manually:

Cd / usr/local/nagios/etc/objects

Touch hosts.cfg

Touch hostgroups.cfg

.

After construction, check to see if the error is reported:

/ usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios-v / usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

8. Configure relevant cfg files

Contacts.cfg timeperiods.cfg printer.cfg switch.cfg windows.cfg, take these with you and leave them alone.

Vi cgi.cfg / / modify cgi script control file

Use_authentication=1 / / make sure the value is 1-20161226 changed to 0

Default_user_name=nagios / / modified to authenticated user

/ / the following modifications are made:

Authorized_for_system_information=nagiosadmin,nagios

Authorized_for_configuration_information=nagiosadmin,nagios

Authorized_for_system_commands=nagiosadmin,nagios

Authorized_for_all_services=nagiosadmin,nagios

Authorized_for_all_hosts=nagiosadmin,nagios

Authorized_for_all_service_commands=nagiosadmin,nagios

Authorized_for_all_host_commands=nagiosadmin,nagios

Vi hosts.cfg

Define host {

Use linux-server; Name of host template to use

Host_name wbsc_app_192.168.22.16

Alias wbsc_ap_192.168.22.16

Address 192.168.22.16

}

Define host {

Use linux-server; Name of host template to use

Host_name wbsc_app_192.168.22.17

Alias wbsc_ap_192.168.22.17

Address 192.168.22.17

}

-

Vi hostgroups.cfg

Define hostgroup {

Hostgroup_name WSBS_SC_APP

Alias APP_SC_GROUP

Members wbsc_app_192.168.22.16,wbsc_app_192.168.22.17

}

-

Vi templates.cfg

# Local service definition template-This is NOT a real service, just a template!

Define service {

Name local-service; The name of this service template

Use generic-service; Inherit default values from the generic-service definition

Max_check_attempts 4; Re-check the service up to 4 times in order to determine its final (hard) state

Normal_check_interval 5; Check the service every 5 minutes under normal conditions

Retry_check_interval 1; Re-check the service every minute until a hard state can be determined

Register 0; DONT REGISTER THIS DEFINITION-ITS NOT A REAL SERVICE, JUST A TEMPLATE!

}

Define service {

Name wls-service; The name of this service template

Use generic-service; Inherit default values from the generic-service definition

Max_check_attempts 1; Re-check the service up to 4 times in order to determine its final (hard) state

Normal_check_interval 2; Check the service every 5 minutes under normal conditions

Retry_check_interval 1; Re-check the service every minute until a hard state can be determined

Register 0; DONT REGISTER THIS DEFINITION-ITS NOT A REAL SERVICE, JUST A TEMPLATE!

}

Vi commands.cfg

Define command {

Command_name host-notify-by-sms

Command_line / usr/local/bin/sms_send "Host $HOSTSTATE$ alert for $hostname! on'$DATETIME$'" $CONTACTPAGER$

}

# service notify by sms / / send SMS alarm

Define command {

Command_name service-notify-by-sms

Command_line / usr/local/bin/sms_send "'$HOSTADDRESS$' $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$" $CONTACTPAGER$

}

Vi hostgroups.cfg / / define multiple hosts to a host group

Define hostgroup {

Hostgroup_name sa-servers / / host group name

Alias sa Servers / / alias

Members nagios-server

/ / member hosts of the group. Multiple hosts are separated by commas and must be defined in the hosts.cfg above.

}

Vi service.cfg

Define service {

Use local-service # refers to the property values of the local-service service, and local-service is defined in the templates.cfg file.

Host_name Nagios-Linux # specifies the service on which host to monitor, and "Nagios-Server" is defined in the hosts.cfg file.

Service_description check-host-alive # describes the content of the monitoring service for reference by maintenance personnel.

Check_command check-host-alive # specifies the command to check.

}

Vi servicegroup.cfg

/ / pay attention to the use of "!" between check_tcp and the service port to be monitored when writing. As a delimiter. If there are too many services, consider using scripts to generate them.

/ usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios-v / usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg / / check the correctness of all configuration files

/ usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios-d / usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg / / launch Nagios as a daemon in the background

Echo "/ usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios-d / usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg" > > / etc/rc.local / / Boot autorun

Note:

Monitoring middleware:

1. Install the weblogic software, copy the modules folder to the wlst directory, and increase the execution permissions to the modules folder.

two。 Set the specific location of weblogic software W in main.sh, and increase the execution authority of main.py main.sh.

3. Copy the related check_wls* plug-ins to the libexec directory of nagios

-

Use commands and plug-ins to monitor more information

Default installation path for cd / usr/local/nagios/libexec / / plug-ins

. / check_disk-w 10%-c 5% /

/ / check the usage of the root partition. If the remaining 10% is less than 10%, the warning status (warning)

/ / if the remaining 5% is less than 5%, it is critical (critical)

After setting up and being familiar with the above configuration, we need to carry out specific monitoring work below.

Installation and deployment configuration on the monitored host

IX. Start and stop of Nagios

Start Nagios

a. Start nagios through the initialization script

# / etc/init.d/nagios start

Or

# service nagios start

b. Start nagios manually

Start the nagios daemon with the "- d" parameter of the nagios command:

# / usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios-d / usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

Restart Nagios

When you modify the configuration file for it to take effect, you need to restart / reload the Nagios service.

a. Restart nagios by initializing the script

# / etc/init.d/nagios reload

Or

# / etc/init.d/nagios restart

Or

# service nagios restart

b. Restart nagios through the web monitoring page

You can restart nagios through "Process Info"-> "Restart the Nagios process" on the web monitoring page

10. Install nrpe

-1. On the monitored computer (Nagios-Linux)

Tar zxvf nrpe-2.8.1.tar.gz

Cd nrpe-2.8.1

. / configure / / NRPE port: 5666

Make all

Make install-plugin

Make install-daemon / / install daemon

Make install-daemon-config / / installation configuration file

Ls / usr/local/nagios/

Bin/ etc/ libexec/ share/ now there will be four directories in the nagios directory

# chown nagios.nagios / usr/local/nagios

# chown-R nagios.nagios / usr/local/nagios/libexec

-

Run NRPE daemon as a service under xinetd

Yum-y install xinetd

Service xinetd start

Chkconfig-level 3 xinetd on

Make install-xinetd / / install xinetd script

Vi / etc/xinetd.d/nrpe

Only_from = 127.0.0.1 192.168.4.226 / / add the address of the monitoring host after it, with a space interval

Vi / etc/services

Nrpe 5666/tcp # nrpe / / add this line

Service xinetd restart

Netstat-at | grep nrpe / / check whether NRPE has been started

Netstat-an | grep 5666 / / check whether port 5666 is listening

. Test if NRPE is working properly

Use the check_nrpe plug-in installed on the monitored machine above to test whether NRPE is working properly.

# / usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe-H localhost

# / usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe-H 127.0.0.1

Note: for the smooth progress of the later work, please note that the local firewall should be turned on 5666 so that it can be accessed by external monitoring computers.

Vi / etc/sysconfig/iptables / / add a port of 5666

-A RH-Firewall-1-INPUT-m state-- state NEW-m tcp-p tcp-- dport 5666-j ACCEPT

View check_nrpe command usage

# / usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe-h

Check_nrpe-H monitored host-c monitoring commands to be executed

Note:-c the monitoring commands that follow must be defined in the nrpe.cfg file. That is, NRPE daemon runs only the commands defined in nrpe.cfg.

-

View the monitoring commands of NRPE

Cd / usr/local/nagios/etc

Cat nrpe.cfg | grep-v "^ #" | grep-v "^ $" or vi nrpe.cfg

Commanded [check _ users] = / usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_users-w 5-c 10

Commanded [check _ load] = / usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_load-w 15leg10 penny 5-c 30pyrmr25 penny 20

Commanded [check _ sda1] = / usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk-w 20-c 10-p / dev/sda1

Commanded [check _ zombie_procs] = / usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs-w 5-c 10-s Z

Commanded [check _ total_procs] = / usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_procs-w 150-c 200

Commanded [check _ swap] = / usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_swap-w 20%-c 10%

Commanded [check _ http] = / usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_http-I 127.0.0.1

HTTP CRITICAL-Unable to open TCP socket http will report an error

[* *] is the name of the command, which is what can be followed by the-c parameter of check_nrpe, followed by the actually executed plug-in

/ usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe-H 127.0.0.1-c check_users / / detect the number of login users

/ usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe-H 127.0.0.1-c check_load / / CPU load

/ usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe-H 127.0.0.1-c check_zombie_procs / / zombie process

/ usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe-H 127.0.0.1-c check_total_procs / / Total number of processes

/ usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe-H 127.0.0.1-c check_disk / / disk usage

Where:

/ / check_load-w 15, 10, 10, 5-c, 30, 25, 20.

/ / the average load in unix usually indicates how many processes are waiting in 1 minute, 5 minutes, or 15 minutes

/ / when there are more than 15 processes waiting in 1 minute, more than 10 in 5 minutes, and more than 5 in 15 minutes are warning status

/ / when there are more than 30 processes waiting in 1 minute, more than 25 in 5 minutes, and critical status when more than 20 in 15 minutes

Remember that when monitoring disks, use the

Fdisk-l / / check the partition of the disk. If sda, it should be changed to the following form, the default hda1 should be changed to sda1

Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System

/ dev/sda1 * 1 13 104391 83 Linux

/ dev/sda2 14 268 2048287 + 82 Linux swap / Solaris

/ dev/sda3 269 19457 154135642 + 83 Linux

Commanded [check _ sda1] = / usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk-w 20-c 10-p / dev/sda1

Commanded [check _ sda3] = / usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk-w 20-c 10-p / dev/sda3

/ usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe-H 127.0.0.1-c check_sda1

DISK OK-free space: / boot 77 MB (82% inode=99%); | / boot=16MB;78;88;0;98

/ usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe-H 127.0.0.1-c check_sda3

DISK OK-free space: / 135169 MB (97% inode=99%); | / = 3113 MBX 145789 Ten 145799 Ting 0 Ting 145809

For example, to view the usage of the root partition, execute

/ usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_disk-w 10%-c 5% /

The meaning of the command is to check the usage of partition /. If the remaining 10% is less than 10%, it is warning status (warning), and less than 5% is critical status (critical).

After implementation, we will see the following message

DISK WARNING-free space: / 135169 MB (97% inode=99%); | / = 3113 MBX 145789 Ten 145799 Ting 0 Ting 145809

It shows that the current state is warning, and there is still 97% free space.

-2. On the monitoring host (Nagios-Server)

On the monitoring host running Nagios

Because Nagios has been run before, what we need to do now is:

Install the check_nrpe plug-in

Create commands in check_nrpe in commands.cfg. Only commands defined in commands.cfg can be used in services.cfg.

Create a monitoring project for the monitored host

Tar zxvf nrpe-2.8.1.tar.gz

Cd nrpe-2.8.1

. / configure

Make all

Make install-plugin / / just run this step, and only need the check_nrpe plug-in

/ usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe-H 192.168.20.53

NRPE v2.8.1

Add the definition of check_nrpe in commands.cfg

Vi / usr/local/nagios/etc/commands.cfg

#

# 2008.12.4 by ritto

#

# 'check_nrpe' command definition

Define command {

Command_name check_nrpe # defines the command name as check_nrpe, which is to be used in services.cfg.

Command_line $USER1 $/ check_nrpe-H $HOSTADDRESS$-c $ARG1 $# this defines the actual running plug-in.

}

The $ARG1 $parameter followed by-c is a test command passed to nrpe daemon for execution, which I said earlier must be one of the five commands defined in nrpe.cfg. Use "!" when using check_nrpe in services.cfg Take this parameter.

/ usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_ora ora_jobs-s

The above is how to achieve the full configuration of nagios monitoring tools, the editor believes that there are some knowledge points that we may see or use in our daily work. I hope you can learn more from this article. For more details, please follow the industry information channel.

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