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This article Xiaobian for you to introduce in detail "what are the Java application servers", the content is detailed, the steps are clear, and the details are handled properly. I hope this article "what are the Java application servers" can help you solve your doubts? let's follow the editor's ideas to learn new knowledge.

Tomcat

Tomcat is an application server developed by Apache Software Foundation for use with Java Web applications. Tomcat accounts for 60% of all Java application server deployments.

However, there is some confusion (and even controversy) about the advantages of Tomcat as an application server. Technically, it's called an application server. This is not the case.

Let me explain. Remember when I said that the application server provides some infrastructure and functionality for your application? Well, this set of functions is not random. A specification called Java EE precisely defines the functionality of the application server. So, strictly speaking, I should only call the container where the name application server passes the Java EE compatibility test. As of today, Oracle has also listed three such containers.

Oracle has moved Java EE to Eclipse Foundation, which is now called Jakarta EE after Java EE 8. In addition, there is now a Web Profile subset of the complete EE platform, as well as a Web container that only supports servlet.

In fact, Tomcat does not implement all the functions required by the Java EE application server. The exact title of Tomcat is "web Server" or "servlet Container". But even if Tomcat doesn't support some out-of-the-box Java EE features, you can still use most of them. You only need to include them as other third-party dependencies in your application.

As a result, Tomcat is mature, well documented, and the most widely used Java application server. With good documentation and tutorials on the Internet, Tomcat is the most advantageous competitor for application servers in almost all Java Web applications.

Jetty

Jetty is another application server (developed by Eclipse Foundation) that is not technically a full-featured Java EE container. Like Tomcat, it lacks support for many Java EE features. Like Tomcat, you can still use most of the functionality by adding other third-party dependencies.

Although the market share of Jetty is far less than that of Tomcat, it is still widely used in the industry. Its two main selling points are compactness and small footprint. Both make Jetty well suited for restricted environments and embedding other products.

GlassFish

GlassFish is a fully functional and certified Java EE application server developed by Oracle. As a result, GlassFish is more heavyweight than Tomcat or Jetty, and it can be said to be a bit difficult to operate.

In fact, GlassFish is not just a general-purpose Java EE application server. It is a reference implementation of the Java EE standard. This means that GlassFish is used to demonstrate the functionality of Java EE, which has been contributed by defining Java EE standards. Therefore, GlassFish will always support the latest Java EE features first. This is an additional item.

The disadvantage of GlassFish is the lack of commercial support. Yes, this article is about free and open source application servers, but this is still a key point. With the development of the project and financial success, you may be willing to get long-term support, security updates, customer support, etc., for the application server. This is what business support provides, and many companies will buy it. So keep in mind that if you use GlassFish in the future and need commercial support, you need to migrate to a completely different application server.

WildFly

WildFly, formerly known as JBoss Application Server, developed by Red Hat, is another fully functional and certified application server.

The biggest advantage of WildFly over GlassFish is that Red Hat provides a simple migration path from WildFly to its commercially supported application server JBoss enterprise application platform. This means that you can use WildFly immediately and quickly migrate to JBoss EAP in the future for commercial support, if you are sure you need it.

How do we choose an application server

This is a nuanced question. To be honest, the answer varies from project to project.

If you do not need Java EE functionality (for example, you will use Spring Framework), then I would say use Tomcat. This is the de facto industry standard, so if you choose it, you will have the easiest time to find documents and examples. However, if you already know that the application will be running in a restricted environment, consider choosing Jetty because it takes up less space.

If you plan to write Java EE applications, things will become more nuanced.

As I have already said, you can use Tomcat to run Java EE applications by including third-party dependencies. Therefore, if you know that only a small portion of Java EE is used, then Tomcat is still a good choice. For example, if you only need a JPA implementation, you can import EclipseLink into your project, and you can happily continue to use Tomcat. However, if you know that you will use Java EE heavily, or if the functionality you need cannot be used as a third-party plug-in, use WildFly.

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