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This article introduces the relevant knowledge of "what are the characteristics of computers with transistors in physical devices". In the operation of actual cases, many people will encounter such a dilemma. Next, let the editor lead you to learn how to deal with these situations. I hope you can read it carefully and be able to achieve something!

The computer whose physical device uses transistor is called transistor computer, which is the second generation electronic computer. The host of the transistor computer uses the transistor as the physical device, the magnetic drum and disk as the auxiliary memory, uses the algorithm language (high-level language) to program, and begins to appear the operating system.

The operating environment of this tutorial: windows7 system, Dell G3 computer.

The computer whose physical device uses transistor is called transistor computer, which is the second generation electronic computer.

Transistor computers refer to computers from the late 1950s to the 1960s. The host uses transistor physical devices, magnetic drums and disks as auxiliary memory, uses algorithm language (high-level language) to program, and the operating system begins to appear.

Due to the use of transistors instead of tubes, it is very light, and the operation speed is relatively fast, reaching hundreds of thousands of times per second. At the same time, computer software technology has also made a great breakthrough, put forward the concept of operating system, but also developed FORTRAN, COBOL and other high-level programming languages, which greatly improve the efficiency of the computer. The transistor computer has the advantages of small size, light weight, high speed, strong logic operation function and greatly improved reliability. the application field has been extended to the fields of data processing, industrial control and so on.

The basic logic components of transistor computers are changed from electronic tubes to transistors (Transistor). A large number of magnetic cores made of magnetic materials are used in internal memory and magnetic disks are used in external memory. At the same time, computer software technology has made great progress, and the concept of operating system has been put forward. In addition to assembly language, programming language has also developed high-level programming languages such as Ada, FORTRAN, COBOL and so on, which greatly improves the work efficiency of the computer.

Main features

(1) the transistor is used instead of the tube. Transistors have a series of advantages: small size, light weight, less heating, low power consumption, high speed, long life, low price and strong function. Using it as the switch component of the computer has made a new leap in the structure and performance of the computer.

(2) Magnetic core memory is commonly used as memory, and magnetic disk and magnetic tape are used as memory. This increases the storage capacity and reliability, and creates conditions for the development of system software.

(3) many profound features have emerged in computer architecture, such as indexing register, floating-point data representation, interrupt, Imax O processing and so on.

(4) Assembly language has replaced machine language, and high-level languages such as FORTRAN and CDBOL have begun to appear.

(5) the scope of application of computer is further expanded and begins to enter the field of process control.

Compared with tube computers, transistor computers contain operating systems that provide standardized programs for input and output, memory management, storage, and other resource management activities. It is no longer necessary to write resource management programs to develop applications, and these operating systems allow programmers to call the application software of operating system programs. However, specialized operating systems developed early by IBM and other computer manufacturers can only run on specific computers, each with its own unique set of commands to call their programs. This means that programmers have to relearn programming every time they learn an operating system, which limits their development to some extent.

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