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This article focuses on "what are the JVM programming language killers", interested friends may wish to take a look. The method introduced in this paper is simple, fast and practical. Now let the editor take you to learn "what are the killers of the JVM programming language"?

1 、 Groovy

Groovy is an object-oriented agile dynamic language based on the Java virtual machine. With a delicate and modern syntax, Java programmers can use the seemingly ever-changing gigantic libraries and rock-solid virtual machines. When developing Web,GUI, database or console programs, it greatly improves the developer's efficiency by reducing the framework code. Because Groovy is very similar to Java in syntax, it provides Java developers with the most popular modern programming language features, which makes it easier for Java developers to learn Groovy. Groovy's compiler provides good support for pure Java syntax, and Java developers can adapt to Groovy without learning new syntax.

Groovy uses type inference to infer the type of variable when the developer does not have clear information, so it is relatively simple to program the code. Groovy seamlessly integrates all existing Java objects and class libraries, and provides a high-level development framework to handle standard tasks such as string handling, XML file generation, unit testing, etc., all of which can save developers time.

2 、 JRudy

JRuby is a Java port of Ruby language. Compared with Groovy, JRuby is a Ruby interpreter implemented by pure Java. Through JRuby, users can develop Ruby programs that run directly on JVM and call Java's class library. It combines the simplicity of the Ruby language with the powerful execution mechanism of JVM, including full integration with the Java library. Rails has completely accelerated and simplified the development of Web applications, but it feels immature, especially in terms of high-end enterprise features. On the other hand, the Java platform and its virtual machines, libraries and application servers have been improving in speed, stability and function, and are now recognized as the leading platform for developing high-end server applications. However, if the Java platform is not associated with emerging languages such as Ruby, it is likely to lag behind popular trends.

3 、 Jython

Jython is one of the scripting languages released for JVM, which integrates a small part of Python and provides dynamic compilation of Java bytecode, thus achieving performance improvement. Jython is a complete language, not a Java translator or just a Python compiler, it is a complete implementation of the Python language in Java. Unlike CPython or any other high-level language, Jython provides all access to its implementation language. So Jython not only provides you with the library of Python, but also provides all the Java classes. This gives it a huge repository of resources. Jython inherits many advantages from CPython and integrates seamlessly with Java. Jython can benefit any company that deploys Java applications and frameworks without additional work.

What are the programming language killers of JVM?

4 、 Clojure

As the most mainstream computing platform JVM, many people try to introduce functional programming language into JVM, and Clojure is one of them. Clojure is a LISP-style language that runs on JVM. Clojure is a dynamic functional programming language running on the JVM platform. When running on the JVM platform, Clojure will be compiled into the bytecode of JVM for operation. Clojure was originally designed as a general-purpose programming language, but it actually focuses on Microsoft CLR and JavaScript. Clojure can be directly compiled into Java bytecode, keeping dynamic, and can directly access the Java framework.

5 、 Scala

In general, Scala can be understood as a multiparadigm programming language because it combines different programming ideas. From the perspective of kernel, it is an object-oriented programming language with powerful functions. Compared with the traditional programming language, its advantage is very obvious, it can facilitate the parallel development of applications. It is different from other programming languages of JVM in that it integrates parallel application framework. The language runs as fast as the native Java.

6 、 Kotlin

Kotlin is a dynamically typed programming language that can be compiled into Java bytecode and JavaScript. As a new programming language based on JVM, Kotlin is a strong rival to Java. JetBrains announced that it will open source its Kotlin programming language, a modern programming language for Java and JavaScript platforms, which is designed to be a replacement for Java. It is committed to improving key performance, and compilation speed is comparable to that of Java.

7 、 Rhino

Rhino is an open source JavaScript engine written in the Java language. It has a JavaScript kernel, can execute scripts, and is often embedded in Java applications to provide scripts for end users. JavaAdapters in Rhino allows JavaScript to embed any kind of Java interface, as well as extending the Java class.

8 、 Ceylon

Ceylon is a universal, imperative, object-oriented, statically typed programming language. It is deeply influenced by Java, and Ceylon, which is mainly used for team development of RedHat on large projects, seems to be an interesting combination of some language features, using the well-known C-style syntax, but in addition to emphasizing simplicity, it also provides object-oriented and some useful functional support. Ceylon is not just a compiler, it has a bigger goal, to replace JavaSDK by creating a new CeylonSDK.

9 、 Fantom

The predecessor of Fantom (Fan) is a programming script engine based on Java and .NET platforms, which is used to generate bytecode for JVM and .NET platforms at runtime. The language is object-oriented, similar to Groovy and JRuby, and can integrate Java's class libraries through specific interfaces. Fantom makes up for the shortfall with its own extension library and also includes some built-in support for concurrency.

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