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This article mainly introduces how the ip address is composed. It has certain reference value. Interested friends can refer to it. I hope you will gain a lot after reading this article. Let Xiaobian take you to understand it together.

An ip address consists of a "network number" and a "host number." Each IP address consists of two identification codes (IDs), a network ID and a host ID; all hosts on the same physical network use the same network ID, and a host on the network has a host ID corresponding to it.

An ip address consists of a "network number" and a "host number."

IP address (Internet Protocol Address) is an Internet Protocol address.

IP address is a uniform address format provided by IP protocol, which assigns a logical address to each network and each host on the Internet to shield the difference of physical addresses.

When the Internet was originally designed, in order to facilitate addressing and hierarchically structure the network, each IP address included two identification codes (IDs), namely the network ID and the host ID; all hosts on the same physical network used the same network ID, and each host on the network had a host ID corresponding to it.

The Internet Commission defines five IP address types to suit networks of different capacities, namely Class A to Class E.

Class A, B and C3 (see table below) are uniformly distributed globally by InternetNIC, and Class D and E are special addresses.

Class A IP addresses

A Class A IP address is a four-segment IP address, the first segment number is the network number, and the remaining three segments are the number of the local computer. If IP addresses are represented in binary, a Class A IP address consists of a 1-byte network address and a 3-byte host address, and the most significant bit of the network address must be "0." Class A IP addresses have a network identifier length of 8 bits and a host identifier length of 24 bits. Class A network addresses have a small number of 126 networks, each of which can accommodate more than 16 million hosts.

Class A IP addresses range from 1.0.0.1 to 126.255.255.254 [2](binary representation: 0000001 000000 000000 0000001 - 0111111 1111111 11111110). The last one is the broadcast address.

Class B IP addresses

A Class B IP address is one in which the first two segments of an IP address are network numbers. If an IP address is represented in binary, a Class B IP address consists of a 2-byte network address and a 2-byte host address, and the most significant bit of the network address must be "10." Class B IP addresses include a network identifier of 16 bits and a host identifier of 16 bits. Class B IP addresses are suitable for medium-sized networks, with 16384 networks and more than 60,000 computers per network.

Class B IP addresses range from 128.0.0.1 to 191.255.255.254 [1](binary representation: 1000000 000000 00000001----1011111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111111 The last one is the broadcast address.

The subnet mask for class B IP addresses is 255.255.0.0, and the maximum number of hosts supported per network is 256 to the power of 2 = 65534.

Class C IP address

A Class C IP address refers to the first three segments of the IP address being the network number and the remaining segment being the number of the local computer. If an IP address is represented in binary, a Class C IP address consists of a 3-byte network address and a 1-byte host address. The most significant bit of the network address must be "110." The length of the network identifier in the class C IP address is 24 bits, and the length of the host identifier is 8 bits. The number of class C network addresses is relatively large, with more than 2.09 million networks. It is suitable for small-scale local area networks, each network can only contain up to 254 computers.

Class C IP addresses range from 192.0.0.1 to 223.255.255.254 [1](binary representation: 1100000 000000 000000 0000001 - 1101111 111111 11111110).

Class C IP addresses have a subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 and the maximum number of hosts supported per network is 256 - 2 = 254

Class D IP addresses

Class D IP addresses have historically been called multicast addresses. In Ethernet, a multicast address names a group of stations that should receive a packet in the network. The most significant bit of the multicast address must be "1110" and range from 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255.

Special website

An address where each byte is 0 ("www.example.com ") corresponds to the current host;

IP addresses with 1 in each byte ("www.example.com ") are broadcast addresses for the current subnet;

All Class E IP addresses that begin with "11110" are reserved for future and experimental use.

IP addresses cannot start with decimal "127". The numbers 127.0.0.1 to 127.255.255 in this type of address are used for loop testing. For example, 127.0.0.1 can represent the local IP address. Use "www.example.com" to test the Web server configured in this machine.

The first 6-bit group of the network ID cannot be set to all "0", and all "0" indicates the local network.

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