Introduction to Cloud Computing Development course: Linux heavy vi Editor
Introduction to Cloud Computing Development course: Linux heavy vi Editor:
Create an exercise file
[root@tianyun ~] # ll-a > list.txt
File Editor gedit
File editors vi, vim, nano
Vi editor working mode
Command mode:
a. Cursor positioning
Hjkl
0 $
Gg G
3G enters the third line
/ string (n N can be cycled) quickly navigate to a line
/ ^ d
/ txt$
b. Text editing (a small amount)
Copy yy 3yy ygg yG (in behavior units)
D Delete dd 3dd dgg dG (in behavior units)
P paste
X Delete the character where the cursor is located
D delete from the cursor to the end of the line
U undo undo
^ r redo redo
R can be used to modify a character
c. Enter other modes
An enter insert mode
I enter insert mode
O enter insert mode
An enters insert mode
: enter the last line mode (extended command mode)
V enter visual mode
^ v enters visual block mode
V enters visual line mode
R enters replacement mode
Insert mode:
^ P
Visual block mode:
Block insert (character before specified block): select block, I insert character before block, ESC
Block replacement: select the block, r enter the character to replace
Block deletion: select block, d | x
Block copy: select block, y
Extended command mode:
a. Save exit
: 10 enter line 10
W save
Q exit
Wq saves and exits
: w! Forced save
: q! Do not save and exit
: wq! Force save exit
: X Save and exit ZZ
b. Find and replace
: range s/old/new/ option
: 1 s/root/yang/ 5 s/root/yang/ replaced by yang from 1 mi 5 lines of root
: 5 s/root/yang/ $represents the last line
: 1 s/root/yang/g $s/root/yang/g =:% s/root/yang/g% for full text g for global
:% s#/dev/sda#/var/ccc#g
:, 8 s/root/yang/ from the current line to line 8
4 replace the first # of line 9 / ^ # / 4-9 with a blank
Add # characters (. * whole line & reference lookup content) before 5-10.
c. Read / write file (save as)
W save to the current file
W / tmp/aaa.txt Save as / tmp/aaa.txt
: 1,3 w / tmp/2.txt
R / etc/hosts after reading the file to the current line
: 5 r / etc/hosts after reading the file to line 5
d. Set up the environment
Temporary settings:
: set nu sets the line number
Set ic is not case sensitive
: set ai automatic indentation
Set list display control character
: set nonu unsets the line number
: set noic
Permanent environment: modifying vim environment configuration fil
/ etc/vimrc affects all system users
~ / .vimrc affects a certain user
# vim ~ / .vimrc
Set ic
Set nu
Delete must use relative path, do not use absolute path
# vim-O / etc/hosts / etc/hostname ^ ww switch
# cp / etc/hosts hosts1
# vimdiff / etc/hosts hosts1
=
Create a file
[root@localhost ~] # touch aa.txt
[root@localhost ~] # touch aa.txt cc.txt tt.txt
[root@localhost ~] # touch abc {1.. 10} .txt
[root@localhost ~] # touch {areco bje c} {1.. 3} .txt
Create a directory
[root@localhost ~] # mkdir abc
[root@localhost ~] # mkdir abcd abce abcf
[root@localhost ~] # mkdir abc {1.. 5}
[root@localhost] # mkdir-p / root/aa/cc
[root@localhost] # mkdir-pv / root/aa/cc-p Recursive-v display process
Copy cp
Cp source file address destination address
[root@localhost ~] # cp / root/abc1.txt / tmp/
[root@localhost ~] # cp / root/abc1.txt / tmp/test.txt renaming during replication
Copy directory
[root@localhost] # cp-r / root/abcd/ / tmp/
[root@localhost ~] # cp-r / root/abcd/ / tmp/aaa rename
Cut mv
Cp source file address destination address
[root@localhost ~] # mv / root/tt.txt / tmp/
[root@localhost ~] # mv / root/tt.txt / tmp/back.txt
Move directory
[root@localhost ~] # mv / root/abcf/ / tmp/
[root@localhost ~] # mv / root/abcf/ / tmp/back
Delete rm rmdir
Rmdir can only delete empty directories
Rm
[root@localhost ~] # rm aa.txt
[root@localhost] # rm-f cc.txt
[root@localhost ~] # rm-rf abce/
[root@localhost ~] # rm-rf a1.txt a2.txt
[root@localhost] # rm-rf * .txt
[root@localhost ~] # rm-rf abc*
[root@localhost] # rm-rf *
[root@localhost ~] # rm-rf / install.log
View the contents of the file
Head
[root@localhost ~] # head / root/install.log
[root@localhost ~] # head-n 20 / root/install.log
[root@localhost] # head-20 / root/install.log
Tail
[root@localhost ~] # tail / root/install.log
[root@localhost] # tail-20 / root/install.log
[root@localhost ~] # tail-f / var/log/messages Monitoring Log File
More
[root@localhost ~] # more / root/install.log
The space goes back one page, enter back, b, forward.
Less
[root@localhost ~] # less / root/install.log
Cat
[root@localhost] # cat-n / root/install.log
[root@localhost ~] # cat-n aa.txt all lines
[root@localhost ~] # cat-b aa.txt valid line
[root@localhost ~] # cat-n / root/install.log | less
Exercise:
1. Create the following directory structure? And verify it? (an order?)
/ aa
/\
Bb/ bc/
/\\
Ca/ cb/ cc/
[root@localhost ftp] # mkdir-pv / aa/bb/c {ajar b} / aa/bb/cc
[root@localhost ftp] # mkdir-pv / aa/b {bplink c {a, b}, c/cc}
[root@localhost ftp] # ls-R / aa/
[root@localhost ftp] # tree / aa
/ aa
├── bb
│ ├── ca
│ └── cb
└── bc
└── cc
[root@localhost ftp] # tree-L 2 /-L level
two。 When / etc/man.config is copied to the ca directory (in two ways) the current directory /
[root@localhost ~] # cp / etc/man.config / aa/bb/ca/
[root@localhost /] # cp etc/man.config / aa/bb/ca/
3. Move the man.config under ca to the cc directory and rename it to test.txt (2) current directory bb
[root@localhost bb] # mv / aa/bb/ca/man.config / aa/bc/cc/test.txt
[root@localhost bb] # mv ca/man.config / aa/bc/cc/test.txt
4. Copy the same file to the same directory twice without an overwrite prompt
[root@localhost] #\ cp / root/install.log / tmp/
[root@localhost bb] # / bin/cp / root/install.log / tmp/install.log
[root@localhost bb] # unalias cp
[root@localhost bb] # cp / root/install.log / tmp/install.log
5. Show only line 1001 of the / root/install.log file
[root@localhost bb] # cat-n / root/install.log | head-1001 | tail-1
VIM text editor
Three basic modes of vim: command mode, input mode, and last line mode
Switch from command mode to input mode:
An enter after the current character
An input at the end of the current line
I enter before the current character
I current line header input
O input on the next line of the current line
O input on the previous line of the current line
S enter after deleting the current character
S enter after deleting the current line
In command mode
U undo one-step operation
Ctrl+r redo
Copy a line of yy paste p
Copy 50 lines of 50yy
Cut / delete a row of dd
Cut / delete 50 lines of 50dd
The beginning of the line
$end of line
D ^ Delete the current character to the beginning of the line
D $removes the current character to the end of the line
Y ^
Y $
Replace
: s/ab/**/ replaces the first string to which the current line matches
: s/ab/**/g replaces all matching strings on the current line s replaces g global
4. Open the new tab ctrl+shift+t alt+1. Toggle label ctrl+shift+w close tag ctrl+shift+q close all terminals
# commands are saved under bin
There are two ways to use Shell:
Inefficient input commands are suitable for a small amount of work
Shell Script (script) is efficient and suitable for complex and repetitive tasks.
Pwd displays the current full directory
# indicates that we are currently using a super account
$indicates that we are currently using an ordinary account
Long hostname: zhuangyao.baidu.com
Enter bash command considerations:
Enter the command:
# Command [option] parameter operator
# ls
All commands must be followed by spaces (the number of spaces is not online)
Tab: automatic completion
The reason why it is not completed: the command is miswritten and has no executable permission.
Ctrl+c: interrupts the current input
Common shortcut keys:
Ctrl + c: terminate the command
Ctrl + up and down: move by word
Move to the beginning of the command line home
Move to the end of the command line end
Thinking questions:
Delete from the cursor to the beginning of the command line
Delete from cursor to the end of the command line
