Shulou(Shulou.com)06/03 Report--

This article will explain in detail what knowledge Web developers need to master. The editor thinks it is very practical, so I share it with you as a reference. I hope you can get something after reading this article.

1. Regular expression

Regular expressions are often used to parse strings. Its most basic application is the search and replacement of characters in the text. This doesn't seem like a big deal, and the diversity of regular expressions is the reason for its real power. There are many ways to optimize your regular expressions, which means a significant improvement in the performance of your application. Regular expressions can be used in any programming language, such as JavaScript's replace (), PHP's preg_replace (), Apache rewrites, and so on. Oddly enough, only a few web developers find regular expressions quite useful, so if you haven't learned it yet, get ready to start learn regular expressions.

two。 Basic search engine optimization

For web developers, it is necessary to understand the basic information of SEO. Although you can reserve keywords that lead to your client, developers should use a strategy that has a more reasonable arrangement of these keywords on the page. This means tidying up the front-end tags, making good use of, and tags, while organizing a more solid link and directory structure at the back end. The resources I found to learn SEO are Beginner's Guide to Search Engine Optimization and Search Engine Ranking Factors v2, both of which come from SEOmoz.

3. An excellent Javascript library

Even if you don't write much Javascript code, mastering a good Javascript library can be of great help. Whether it's jQuery (my *), Mootools, or any other library, you can get twice the result with half the effort in your Javascript development. First of all, these libraries provide cross-browser functionality so that you can get started without having to worry about it. Moreover, they all provide a large number of simple animations, making it easy to select nodes in DOM. Bolder Javascript programmers may want to be exposed to the Javascript UI language. All of the above libraries have related plug-ins, but I personally recommend Dojo with Dijit.

4. Cross-browser debugging

In order for the website to be seen by more people, it is clear that it should support all major browsers (IE6, IE7, IE8, FF2, FF3, Safari 4 and Opera 9). Everyone hates cross-browser debugging, but the way to do this is to prevent it, starting with effective HTML and good reset stylesheets. As far as I'm concerned, use * {magin:0; padding: 0}. However, you can also use other more robust ways. In addition, you should be aware of the eccentricities of some browsers. Of course, it's the IE family, especially IE6 (yes, it's always been it, it's still it). Although most of the problems can be attributed to the infamous haslayout bug, you can't rely on some clumsy ways to solve it, such as * {zoom: 1}.

5. Image processing and optimization

Although most programmers rely on professional designers to design pictures, it is also important for programmers to know something about Photoshop. After mastering some image processing techniques, some small changes do not need to be kicked back to the designer, just change it yourself, and you will know immediately whether it is feasible when you modify the design. Picture optimization is one of the most important Photoshop skills for web programmers. The size of the image is often a threat to bandwidth, and image optimization is directly related to the loading time of the site. The "Save for Web" option of Photoshop and Illustrator greatly simplifies image optimization. You only need to press Ctrl-Alt-Shift-S on PC or Command-Alt-Shift- S on Mac to enter the wizard.

6. Use a valid HTML/CSS for page layout (instead of tables)

We need to pay attention to: it's not 1996 anymore, and even back-end developers should know how to write front-end code-- using valid HTML and CSS-- instead of a bunch of tables. Tags should be neat, and CSS and other types of documents should be separated from HTML so that there are no inline styles, especially tags. Beginners should learn about CSS tags and CSS box models. Then learn the W3C rules to learn how to write reasonable code the HTML you write should conform to the xHTML rules; there should be reasonably nested, closed and contains alt attribute information of the picture tags and so on. Then you can learn which nodes can be nested in other nodes, already other complex content. *, you will find that W3C's HTML tag verifier no longer reports errors, which is really cool.

7. The basis of copyright / network regulations

Although a law degree is not required, developers can have a basic understanding of copyright and online regulations. Because the web page is essentially a kind of publication, and copyright is the most common legal problem of the website. If you don't want to be sued or receive a complaint letter, you know that if you don't want to be sued or receive a complaint letter, from user-generated content about stealing Flicker images to long references to the New York Times. Of course, if you want to file a lawsuit or submit a complaint letter, you also know about it. In addition to copyright law, when signing agreements to register / use hosting or software, you should also take a good look at the Privacy Agreement and the provisions of the COPPA (American Children's Internet Privacy Protection Act).

8. Apache rewriting

Apache's rewriting feature makes the otherwise messy URL cleaner (as long as you understand regular expressions). You can rewrite the ugly address: index.php?section=about&page=bioand and the prettier bit: about/bio. Not limited to regular URL, mod_rewrite using Apache can easily turn a simple page into a complete application that contains paths. You just need to rewrite the query variable to the path.

Also, you should note that Apache rewriting is notoriously difficult to debug. Rewriting rules cannot contain any debugging information and often ignore information about other methods you reference. Therefore, rewriting can also lead to some untraceable errors.

9. Debugging tool

A good debugger allows you to program web pages faster. When doing front-end debugging, I like to use Firebug. You can click on the elements on the page, which will count the settings in the stylesheet that are in effect. You can add or remove styles, and you can also modify the page. Firebug can also be used to debug Javascript. As the running console of Javascript, it can better organize error messages and display the output of fromconsole.log (). * *, which also provides network information, displays page element load events, and content that cannot be loaded or accessed. I don't know how to do back-end debugging, but I hear there's something called xDebug in PHP.

10. Version control

* but it is important that a good programmer should learn to control your version. Version control is not only a way to back up your work, but also an important way for you to work with other developers. Personally, I prefer distributed as opposed to centralized version control because it has two different levels of version control: you can first submit some of your changes to the local storage center, and then push all the changes to the server-side storage. This allows you to make a small unstable change locally and then centrally submit updates from the team. I prefer Mercurial if using distributed version control, while Subversion is good if it is centralized.

This is the end of this article on "what are the knowledge points that Web developers need to master". I hope the above content can be of some help to you, so that you can learn more knowledge. if you think the article is good, please share it for more people to see.

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