Shulou(Shulou.com)12/24 Report--

People who play photography should have heard the saying: the first grade of the bottom is killing people.

The "bottom" here refers to the camera's sensor, that is, the photosensitive element. The common materials are CMOS and CCD. Today's cameras are generally CMOS.

According to the size of the sensor, the camera can be divided into a variety of frames, such as full frame, half frame and so on.

The action of the sensor the sensor can convert the received light signal into an electronic signal, and then form a photo. It acts like the retina in the eye.

The larger the area of the sensor, the more light it receives and the better the image quality. Therefore, there is the saying that "the first grade of the bottom is crushing people to death".

The production process will also affect the imaging quality. As a result, the image quality of the large size ten years ago may not be as good as that of today's small size. Under the premise of similar production process, it is more meaningful to compare the size of the sensor.

The imaging quality is also affected by the algorithm (the calculation method of converting optical signals into electrical signals). Although the mobile phone sensor is small, it also has a good imaging effect thanks to the strong algorithm support.

The larger the area (frame) of the equivalent focal length sensor, the larger the light area received and the larger the shooting angle.

There is a lens for a full-frame camera that captures a circular beam of light and projects it onto the sensor. The imaging range is as follows.

The last tweet on the official account talked about the relationship between "focal length and viewing angle". Half of the machine is like using a telephoto, and the original 50mm lens has a (50 × 1.6=80mm) effect. 80 is the equivalent focal length. 1.6 is the conversion coefficient. You can check the conversion coefficient of each sensor by yourself.

There is a half-frame camera lens that collects a circular beam of light and projects it onto the sensor. The imaging range is as follows.

The full frame size is too large and there is a blank area, so the full frame machine cannot use half a lens. When buying a lens, be sure to see the applicable picture clearly.

Common camera frame photography is an industry with a high degree of inheritance. Remember this sentence, you can understand a lot of seemingly "unreasonable" concepts.

In the film age, Kodak produced a kind of film, numbered 135, which had a great influence. The width of the film is 36mm and the height is 24mm (plus edge perforation 35mm).

One inch equals 25.4mm, but in the early camera tube, when the shell was removed, there was actually only about 16mm, so 1 inch was about 16mm in the photography industry.

According to the camera sensor size from large to small, large frame > medium frame > full frame > half frame. The cameras we usually come into contact with are mainly full-frame and half-frame.

Large frame: the use of large format sheet film, the size of 4 × 5 inches, 8 × 10 inches, etc., common camera brands are Xena, Lin Hafu, Knight.

Medium frame: between large frame and full frame, the size is close to the 120 model film, also known as the 120 camera, the size can reach more than 40mm-70mm.

Full frame: the sensor size is 36mm × 24mm. The sensor size of the full-frame camera follows the size of 135 film, so the full-frame camera is also called the 135 camera. Common in quasi-professional and professional cameras, such as Canon 5D4.

APS-H: the size of the sensor is 28.7mm × 19.1mm, which belongs to a half-frame camera. Market positioning is not clear, resulting in less common.

APS-C: the size of the sensor is about 24mm × 16mm, which belongs to a half-frame camera. Common in entry-level, intermediate cameras, such as Canon 600D, Canon 60D.

4/3 (4 13mm): the size of the sensor is about 17mm × 13mm, and the diagonal length is about 21mm, which is 4/3 times that of 1 inch (16mm).

1 inch: the size of the sensor is about 13mm × 9mm, and the diagonal length is about 1 inch.

Mobile phone frame: the picture frame of mobile phone camera is usually smaller, often less than 1 inch, and in recent years, many flagship phones that sell for more than 4000 yuan have reached 1 inch.

Description: in the actual production, different types of machines, the sensor size will be slightly different, please take the actual introduction shall prevail. If the frame of some cameras is 35.8mm × 23.9mm, they still belong to full-frame cameras.

How to choose a frame if you have enough money, give priority to a camera with better imaging quality, and full frame is recommended.

Due to the high cost of the full picture, the price is not close to the people, so the manufacturer began to half the picture. Although the imaging quality has declined slightly, it is within an acceptable range.

In a well-lit day, there is not much difference between full-frame and half-shot, and it is even difficult to tell the difference between full-picture and mobile phone shooting.

Shooting in such a low-light environment at night, the difference between them will be widened, and there will be some differences in noise control, tolerance, post-revision, and so on.

If you don't want to spend too much money and don't engage in professional image capture, it's all right to use half a picture.

This article comes from the official account of Wechat: photography Research Society (ID:shoujiPhotography)

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