Shulou(Shulou.com)12/24 Report--

The night before the outbreak of autopilot

Author | Qin Zhangyong and Wang Lei

China's autopilot, really into the fast lane.

Recently, the website of the Ministry of Transport published the Guide to Transport Safety Service of self-driving vehicles (for trial implementation), which clearly delineated the landing criteria for self-driving for the first time.

Source: the scope of application of the Ministry of Transport is very clear-conditional self-driving cars, highly self-driving cars and fully self-driving cars.

The opinions given are also clear:

For example, a self-driving car engaged in road passenger transport operation should be equipped with a safety guard.

At the same time, self-driving models should have the functions of recording, storing and transmitting vehicle running status information, that is, the "black box" of self-driving.

This is of iconic significance at home and even around the world, and it gives clear standards for autopilot landing, how to operate, how to operate.

Not long ago, China also passed the notice of intelligent network access and road access pilot work, and for the first time carried out specific requirements on the L3 / L4 autopilot access standards, which means that L3, L4 self-driving cars can be officially on the road.

Now the guidebook comes along, and self-driving cars are really on the eve of the outbreak.

01. The purpose of the rapid development of self-driving vehicle operation "Service Guide" is to guide the development of self-driving technology and standardize the application of self-driving vehicles in the field of transportation services.

In the application scenario of self-driving cars, a clear definition is also given:

Those engaged in urban bus and tram passenger transport activities can be carried out under the scene of physically closed, relatively closed or simple fixed lines and controllable traffic safety.

Those engaged in taxi passenger transport business activities can be carried out under the scene of good traffic conditions and controllable traffic safety.

Prudent use of self-driving cars to engage in road passenger transport activities

Self-driving cars can be used to engage in road freight transport activities under the scene of point-to-point trunk road transportation or urban roads with controllable traffic safety.

It is forbidden to use self-driving vehicles to engage in road transport of dangerous goods.

Source: pony Zhixing in addition, the document also sets out clear requirements for the provision of security personnel.

A self-driving car used for passenger transport operation shall be equipped with a driver or operation safety personnel. Self-driving cars used for the transportation of goods shall, in principle, be equipped with safety guards.

If it is a fully self-driving car engaged in taxi passenger transport, on the premise of ensuring safety and with the consent of the people's governments of districts and cities, remote safety guards may be used when operating in the designated areas, and the person-to-vehicle ratio of remote safety officers shall not be less than 1:3. This also makes safety officers a rigid demand for self-driving vehicles.

At the same time, the document also makes it clear that self-driving cars must have "black boxes".

The vehicle should have the functions of recording, storing and transmitting the running state information, and be able to transmit the key running state information in real time.

In the event of an accident or failure of the autopilot function, the operating status information of at least 90 seconds prior to the accident should be automatically recorded and stored.

The Service Guide gives at least 10 pieces of operation status information, such as vehicle control mode, position, speed, acceleration, driving direction and so on, as well as 360-degree video surveillance outside the vehicle.

With these data, it means that if self-driving vehicles have an accident, they no longer have to worry about dumping the pot.

On the whole, the landing of the Service Guide gives self-driving a law to follow and rules to follow, and to a certain extent allay public concerns about the safety of self-driving vehicles.

Notice of Portal: guide to Transport Safety Services for self-driving vehicles (trial)

Https://xxgk.mot.gov.cn/2020/jigou/ysfws/202312/t20231205_3962490.html

02, L3 and L4 have just been approved to hit the road not long ago, and documents marking that L3 and L4 self-driving cars can be on the road are also officially issued.

Source: the Chinese Government Network, jointly issued by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, and the Ministry of Transport, issued the Circular on the pilot work of Intelligent Network access and Road access.

The notice clearly states that:

Four ministries and commissions select intelligent Internet connected automobile products with self-driving function with mass production conditions to carry out access pilot.

For the intelligent network connected automobile products that have obtained access, the pilot road access shall be carried out in a limited area, and the vehicles used for transport operation shall meet the operation qualification and operation management requirements of the transportation department.

The self-driving function of the intelligent Internet connected car mentioned in the notice refers to the level 3 driving automation and level 4 driving automation functions defined in the national standard "Automobile driving Automation Classification", that is, the L3 and L4 self-driving cars.

Unlike the Intelligent Network Automotive Road Test and demonstration Application Management Standard (trial) released in 2021, this document is obviously more planned, mainly aimed at high-level intelligent driving, and its scope has been further expanded. from road testing to road access in the trial area; the division of responsibility for accidents is clear for the first time.

The notice formally carried out specific requirements for the admission norms of L3 / L4 autopilot, and improved the relevant rules. At the same time, we also began to select intelligent Internet connected automobile products with L3 / L4 self-driving function with mass production conditions.

This also marks the road problem of domestic high-level autopilot, which will be formally supported by policies at the national level.

From the point of view of the content of the notice, it mainly contains three main points:

The "notice" of the declaration subject requires that the declaration subject must be a consortium composed of automobile manufacturing enterprises and users, and the declaration scheme must be approved and sealed by the government of the city under the jurisdiction of the municipality directly under the Central Government.

Finally, the four departments jointly organize experts to review the declaration scheme, and select the excellent consortium to enter the pilot stage.

For intelligent network connected automobile products that have obtained access, pilot roads can be carried out within a limited area.

Safety guarantee requires that the pilot users should be clearly defined in the notice, and the main responsibilities of road traffic safety, network security and data security should be implemented, and relevant safety management systems and measures should be established and improved to ensure the safe operation of vehicles.

Source: Apollo car companies (or consortia) are responsible for these on-road vehicles, provide them with adequate insurance (no less than 5 million), and monitor the running status of vehicles; for traffic accidents or network data security incidents, they need to have contingency plans and report to provincial authorities in time (within 2 hours after the accident), and provide at least 20 seconds of video before and after the accident.

The attribution of accident responsibility is also made clear for the first time in the notice of accident responsibility for high-level intelligent drivers.

The notice clearly stipulates that the attribution of responsibility for traffic accidents shall be determined according to different circumstances, and if an accident occurs when the vehicle is not activated by the autopilot system, it shall be held responsible in accordance with the current provisions.

If a violation or accident occurs when the autopilot system is activated, the pilot enterprise and the pilot user shall provide proof materials to the relevant departments within a specified period of time. If the materials are not provided in accordance with the regulations, they shall be held responsible for the accident.

Source: Apollo in addition, Intelligent Network United vehicles can be used as the object of liability determination in accidents, and the pilot users shall bear compensation liability for the determination of relevant liability in accordance with the law. If there is an accident fault, the pilot user may recover compensation in accordance with the law. If it constitutes a crime, the relevant responsible persons shall be investigated for criminal responsibility according to law.

It is not difficult to see that this road approval is mainly aimed at self-driving related car companies, travel companies, rather than ordinary private car owners, although it is only a pilot notice, it is undoubtedly a great benefit to the self-driving industry.

03. The concept of autopilot on the eve of autopilot broke out many years ago, and its development is closely related to laws and regulations.

Prior to this, some enterprises have launched L3 autopilot, but limited by policy, can only be opportunistic, and even call their own intelligent system L2.99999.

Now China has also launched the L3 / L4 level and even fully self-driving requirements, which makes self-driving cars into the eve of the outbreak.

Different from the bottleneck period in foreign countries, autopilot in China is ushering in a period of rapid development, and this year is also the first year for the main engine factory to land in the city of NOA. Xiaopeng, ideal, Weilai, Momo Zhixing and so on have accelerated the layout of the urban NOA.

Source: the layout of pure vision and lidar also makes urban smart drivers have more diversified competition. The landing of the relevant documents means that the policy side encourages mass production autopilot to accelerate landing.

Positive signals have also attracted more and more contestants to join us, such as Tesla FSD, who is already preparing to join China.

Not long ago, it was revealed that the new Tesla Model 3 will launch FSD in China. Tesla's car owner's manual on China's official website also appears the functional introduction of Tesla FSD.

On November 23, Tesla responded to the rumors that FSD had landed in China, saying that "it is indeed under way." At the same time, Tesla's V12 version of FSD is about to be launched recently.

It can be predicted that next year's autopilot will be more lively.

On the one hand, although autopilot is on fire, the market is still pessimistic about fully autopilot.

For example, Cruise, GM's self-driving unit, recently suffered a Waterloo when CEO left and the business nearly collapsed. The reason is that safety accidents occur frequently.

Source: X for the defeat of Cruise, he Xiaopeng commented, "A clear road map can be seen for high-level autopilot or someone with full self-driving, but there is no complete logic for completely self-driving. I even think it may be necessary to find another way."

Not only he Xiaopeng, but also many bosses are not optimistic about fully autopilot.

Some companies aiming for fully autopilot are more than half dead and injured, but that doesn't mean autopilot can't land. On the contrary, the significance of autopilot is to improve traffic efficiency and liberate drivers' hands and feet to a certain extent.

With more and more relevant documents, autopilot will eventually usher in its own world.

This article is from the official account of Wechat: Chaodian Lab (ID:SuperEV-Lab), by Qin Zhangyong and Wang Lei.

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