Shulou(Shulou.com)12/24 Report--

CTOnews.com, December 5, IBM recently held the IBM Quantum Summit, announced the Quantum System Two quantum computer, and shared about the quantum error correction system and its development tools, and looked forward to breaking the 100,000 qubit (qubit) threshold in the future.

Quantum computing uses the physical properties of quantum physics to manipulate subatomic particles to perform calculations. The technology stack includes specialized quantum hardware, usually with superconductors and superfluids, as well as dedicated firmware that compiles quantum algorithms to run on specific quantum computers.

However, at present, there are many challenges in quantum computing, one is that the quantum system requires extremely low temperature, which is essentially fragile and easy to decoherence, and the other is to accurately manipulate qubits and measure their state is a major challenge. To successfully expand the quantum system, the error rate must be reduced from 1/1000 to 1/1000000.

IBM Quantum System TwoIBM Quantum System Two, the company's first modular quantum computer, is also the cornerstone of IBM's quantum-centric supercomputing architecture. The first IBM Quantum System Two in Yorktown Heights, New York, is up and running, with three IBM Heron processors and supporting control electronics.

IBM Heron is a new generation of IBM high-performance processors that significantly improve the error correction rate, five times higher than the previous best record set by IBM Eagle. Next year, more IBM Heron processors will join IBM's industry-leading utility-scale system cluster.

IBM Quantum System Two is the foundation of the next generation quantum computing system architecture of IBM. It combines scalable cryogenic infrastructure and classic runtime servers with modular qubit control electronic devices. The new system is the cornerstone of IBM's quantum-centric supercomputing vision. The architecture combines quantum communication and computing, supplemented by classical computing resources, and uses middleware layer to properly integrate quantum and classical workflows.

Three major stages IBM said that after more than seven years of research, the first phase is now over. At this stage, IBM assembled enough qubits to perform calculations, developed a method for controlling qubits to actually measure their state, and created the first quantum algorithm.

IBM says humans have entered the second phase, focusing on quantum hardware performance, error reduction and correction, and application performance testing. So far, IBM has published about 2595 research papers, focusing on its ideas and progress in this field.

By the end of 2024, the company plans to establish eight quantum computing centers in the United States, Canada, Japan and Germany to ensure widespread use of Quantum System Two computers by researchers.

The third phase is designed to extend scalability and provide bug fixes. IBM believes that reaching the required level of error correction is closer than previously thought. This confidence is based on new research, especially new interconnection technologies that enable quantum systems with thousands of qubits to expand like never before.

IBM Quantum Roadmap IBM's new quantum roadmap details the software and hardware technologies needed to achieve quantum advantage, enabling quantum systems to solve problems that cannot be solved by conventional computers.

Scientists can use quantum computers to solve unsolved problems in artificial intelligence, chemistry, financial services, life sciences, physics and basic research. A green check on the roadmap, if checked, indicates that the milestone has been achieved.

The next major advance in quantum computing will be the Kookaburra processor in 2025, which will serve as the "cornerstone" of building scalable systems with real-time error correction.

According to IBM, researchers are also trying to use quantum systems to find correlations in large amounts of data and to solve so-called optimization problems, which may help improve business processes.

IBM's current roadmap outlines how one of the leading developers of quantum computing sees the development of the field over the next decade. In recent years, expectations that quantum systems are about to be put into commercial use have led to a wave of funding for the technology. But there are signs that business applications are not as good as expected, prompting warnings of a possible "quantum winter" that will undermine investor confidence and financial support.

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