Shulou(Shulou.com)12/24 Report--

CTOnews.com, December 5 (Xinhua)-- Modern physics is based on two pillars: quantum theory, which controls the smallest particles in the universe, and Einstein's general theory of relativity, which explains gravity by bending space-time. However, the two theories contradict each other, and physicists have been trying to reconcile them for more than a century.

In the process of exploration, physicists have also derived various hypotheses that Einstein's theory of gravity must be modified or "quantized" in order to adapt to the quantum theory, and derived the quantum theory of gravity, string theory and ring quantum gravity.

A new theory proposed by Jonathan Oppenheim (Jonathan Oppenheim), a professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at University College London, two related results are published in physical Review X (PRX).

This new theory is called "Post-Quantum Theory of Classical Gravitation" (postquantum theory of classical gravity). It retains Einstein's classical concept of space-time and unifies the mechanics of attraction and quantum mechanics.

Before introducing the theory, CTOnews.com introduces Einstein's classical concept of space-time. Einstein believed that time is not an independent entity, but a companion closely coupled with space, that is, the so-called cosmic space-time.

In Einstein's general theory of relativity, space-time in the universe is a four-dimensional structure. In addition to the three-dimensional length, width and height, the fourth dimension is time. Einstein also proved that time is relative, and the speed of time is different in different environments. Even everyone feels different time.

This new theory holds that spacetime may be classical and independent of quantum theory. This theory modifies quantum theory to predict the inherent collapse of predictability mediated by space-time itself.

This leads to random and violent fluctuations in space-time, which are larger than imagined by quantum theory, and if measured accurately enough, the apparent weight of the object is unpredictable.

The second paper was also published in Natural Communications under the leadership of Professor Oppenheim's former doctoral students, who studied some of the consequences of the theory and proposed an experiment to test: measure mass very accurately. See if its weight fluctuates over time.

For example, the French Bureau of International Metrology usually weighs 1 kilogram as the standard for 1 kilogram. If the measurement fluctuation of this 1 kg mass is less than that required for mathematical consistency, the theory can be excluded.

It is proved that if space-time does not have quantum properties, then there must be random fluctuations in the curvature of space-time, which has specific characteristics that can be verified by experiments.

The reference address of the paper is attached to CTOnews.com:

Https://www.ucl.ac.uk/oppenheim/pub/quantum_vs_classical_bet.pdf

Oppenheim, J., Sparaciari, C., Mr. oda, B. et al. Gravitationally induced decoherence vs space-time diffusion: testing the quantum nature of gravity. Nat Commun 14, 7910 (2023). Https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-43348-2

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