Shulou(Shulou.com)11/24 Report--

On November 21, CTOnews.com, 13 departments, including the propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism, the State Administration of Cultural relics, the Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee, the editorial Office of the CPC Central Committee, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, and the General Administration of Market Supervision, jointly issued the opinions on strengthening Scientific and technological Innovation of Cultural relics (hereinafter referred to as "opinions").

The main goal of the "opinion" is to focus on building a number of national and regional cultural relics research institutions by 2025, facing the domestic leading and international first-class long-term goals, relying on research-oriented cultural and cultural research units, universities and scientific research institutes; the strength of cultural relics scientific research has been significantly enhanced, and a scientific research talent echelon with stable scientific research direction and reasonable structure has been formed. The National Cultural relics and Archaeological specimen Resource Database and the National Cultural relics Protection Scientific data Center (large database of cultural relics) have been initially established; a number of key technologies for cultural relics protection and archaeology have been broken through in key areas to form a number of systematic solutions; to establish and improve an effective linkage mechanism for basic research, applied research and transformation of scientific and technological achievements of cultural relics.

By 2035, we will establish a cultural relic science and technology innovation network with interdisciplinary, cross-industry and effective division of labor and cooperation, build a cultural relics science and technology basic condition platform system and a shared service mechanism, and form a systematic theory, method and technology of cultural relics scientific and technological innovation with Chinese characteristics. The ability of scientific and technological innovation in the protection, research, management and utilization of cultural relics has been significantly enhanced. More effectively realize the permanent preservation and sustainable utilization of cultural relics and their historical, artistic and scientific information.

▲ Yingxian wooden Pagoda, the tallest and oldest pure wood structure pavilion building in the world, adheres to the combination of goal orientation and problem orientation, revolves around the implementation of the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education, the strategy of strengthening the country with talents, and the strategy of innovation-driven development, focusing on the overall goal of building a cultural power and promoting the high-quality development of cultural relics. In view of the insufficient effective supply of science and technology of cultural relics, the small and weak scientific research institutions of cultural relics, the serious shortage of scientific and technological talents, the uneven allocation of scientific and technological resources, and the imperfect management system and mechanism of science and technology, this paper makes systematic arrangements from four aspects: optimizing the layout of scientific and technological innovation of cultural relics, building a strong scientific and technological innovation platform of cultural relics, strengthening the scientific and technological innovation personnel of cultural relics, and improving the incentive mechanism of scientific and technological innovation of cultural relics, and puts forward a total of 16 measures.

The opinion mentions that the research and development of common key technologies and system integration should be strengthened around the major needs of the protection and utilization of cultural relics. Focus on breaking through the key technologies of non-destructive / micro-damage detection, diagnosis, prevention and protection effect evaluation of cultural relics such as cave temples, ancient buildings, earth sites, murals, etc., and develop emergency protection and restoration technologies for unearthed fragile cultural relics, optimize complete sets of protection techniques for textile, bamboo and wood lacquer, paper, metal and ceramic painted cultural relics Build a technical system for monitoring, early warning and prevention of safety risks such as cultural relic fire, flood, vibration / vibration, theft and excavation, and man-made destruction, and form a systematic solution. We will promote the research, development and application demonstration of key technologies such as the digitization of cultural relics resources, the construction of wisdom museums and the display of large sites. Support the scientific and technological innovation research of cultural relics through the national science and technology plan.

The "opinion" points out that in the fields of cultural relic safety protection, monitoring and early warning, inspection and supervision, preventive protection, repair and restoration, display and utilization, and field archaeology, we have broken through a number of key equipment, devices, software systems, and special materials to fill gaps and improve the supply, performance, and quality of equipment.

CTOnews.com attached "comments" on the main measures:

Optimize the layout of scientific and technological innovation of cultural relics, continue to promote basic research and applied basic research on cultural relics, strengthen the basic theoretical research on the protection and utilization of cultural relics, and build a theoretical system of protection and utilization of cultural relics with Chinese characteristics. Focus on the research on the material characteristics and disease characteristics of different types of cultural relics, strengthen the basic work of science and technology, reveal the development mechanism of diseases such as structural instability of cave temples and ancient buildings, weathering and water and salt erosion of rock and soil cultural relics, corrosion of movable cultural relics, oxidation of photosensitive cultural relics, and break through the prediction method of disease development. We will speed up the improvement of theories and methods in cultural relics value evaluation, cultural relics protection planning, and cultural relics big data management. Focus on the urgent need to recognize, display and spread the value of cultural relics, and strengthen the research on the theories and methods of the intersection of natural sciences and humanities and social sciences. Increase the support of the National Natural Science Foundation for basic research in the field of cultural relics.

The deployment and implementation of key technologies for cultural relics will focus on the major needs of the protection and utilization of cultural relics, and strengthen the research and development of common key technologies and system integration. Focus on breaking through the key technologies of non-destructive / micro-damage detection, diagnosis, prevention and protection effect evaluation of cultural relics such as cave temples, ancient buildings, earth sites, murals, etc., and develop emergency protection and restoration technologies for unearthed fragile cultural relics, optimize complete sets of protection techniques for textile, bamboo and wood lacquer, paper, metal and ceramic painted cultural relics Build a technical system for monitoring, early warning and prevention of safety risks such as cultural relic fire, flood, vibration / vibration, theft and excavation, and man-made destruction, and form a systematic solution. We will promote the research, development and application demonstration of key technologies such as the digitization of cultural relics resources, the construction of wisdom museums and the display of large sites. Support the scientific and technological innovation research of cultural relics through the national science and technology plan.

Vigorously develop special equipment for cultural relics, adhere to the combination of supply promotion and demand traction, and deepen the innovative development model of "manufacturers + users" and "products + services". In the fields of cultural relic safety protection, monitoring and early warning, inspection and supervision, preventive protection, repair and restoration, display and utilization, and field archaeology, we have broken through a number of key equipment, devices, software systems and special materials to fill in the gaps. To improve the supply, performance and quality of equipment. A small amount of support is urgently needed for the research and development of key equipment, standardize the market environment for large market demand and fully competitive equipment, and establish and improve the industrial chain and supply chain of special equipment for cultural relics.

Comprehensively deepen the study of major archaeological topics, thoroughly implement major projects such as "Comprehensive study of the Origin and early Development of Chinese Civilization" and "Archaeological China", and organize multi-disciplinary cooperation to tackle key problems around major archaeological and historical research topics. Scientifically explain the key issues such as the origin of human beings, the origin of agriculture, the origin of civilization, the formation of Chinese civilization, the establishment and development of a unified multi-ethnic country, and the important position of Chinese civilization in the history of world civilization. Reveal the historical and cultural values and core characteristics of Chinese civilization. Great efforts should be made to develop theories and methods such as dating, origin tracing, detection of organic residues, paleo-DNA analysis, field archaeological informatization, and so on. Implement the special project "Internet + Chinese Civilization", do a good job in the dissemination of archaeological research results at home and abroad, and improve cultural self-confidence. Increase support for cultural relics research in the National Social Science Fund.

Efforts should be made to promote the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements of cultural relics, increase support for the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements of cultural relics, and improve the mechanism for promoting the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of cultural relics. we will make overall efforts to jointly tackle key problems of industry, university, research and application, build an experimental platform for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, demonstrate the application of scientific and technological achievements, and promote technological specialization, integration and standardization. To organize and implement the joint cultural relic protection research project of industry, university, research and application, and establish the order-based research and development and achievement transformation mechanism of "oriented research and development, oriented transformation, oriented service". A number of experimental platforms for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of cultural relics will be built to provide a real environment, sites and objects for the follow-up test, development and application of R & D achievements. Deploy advanced technology application demonstration projects in the fields of cultural relic protection and restoration, security protection, archaeology and museum display, and establish a technology evaluation mechanism. We will carry out demonstration projects on the transmission of innovation capacity and enhance the application level of cultural relics protection engineering and technology.

We will speed up the construction of standardization in the field of cultural relics, improve the standard system for the protection and utilization of cultural relics, and improve the interactive support mechanism between science and technology and standardization. There is an urgent need to revise national and industry standards in the areas of cultural relics safety protection, cultural relics protection projects, archaeology, cultural relics digitization, classification of ancient cultural relics, and public cultural services of museums, so as to effectively give full play to the role of standards in "protecting the bottom line" and "pulling up the line". We will promote the coordinated development of scientific and technological innovation, standard development, and the improvement of the quality of cultural relics protection and utilization, give priority to breaking through a number of key standards for inspection and inspection of cultural relics protection materials, special equipment, and engineering quality, and carry out pilot construction of a "one-stop" service platform for quality inspection and inspection of cultural relics protection projects.

Build a strong scientific and technological innovation platform for cultural relics and strengthen the backbone of scientific research in the cultural relics industry to focus on the development goals of the national cultural relics cause, and comprehensively deploy and build a number of research-oriented cultural and cultural units and innovation bases that lead the development. To implement the "Cultural relics Science creation 2035 Project", relying on the central and provincial cultural and cultural units, we will focus on cultivating national scientific research teams for cultural relics protection and archaeological research, so as to form a national leading force. To guide and promote the construction of cultural relics scientific research institutions in provinces with large cultural relics resources, and form the backbone of cultural relics scientific research with regional leading role. To cultivate and build national key laboratories related to archaeology and cultural relic protection. We will strengthen the capacity building of the scientific and technological innovation base of the State Administration of Cultural relics and its workstations to serve important areas and key needs. We will support cultural and research units to build joint laboratories and innovative cooperation platforms with universities, scientific research institutes and backbone enterprises.

To develop the scientific research strength of cultural relics in universities and scientific research institutes, give full play to the advantages of basic research and innovation of universities and scientific research institutes, and rely on the existing resource channels such as the National Natural Science Foundation, support scientific and technological personnel and scientific research teams engaged in cultural relics protection and archaeology-related research. Facing the urgent domestic and international frontiers, and relying on the relevant advantage units of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, we will strengthen interdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary business contacts and cooperation.

The construction of cultural relics scientific and technological innovation infrastructure and platform to adapt to the characteristics of innovation activities in the era of great science, layout and construction of cultural relics scientific research infrastructure and scientific and technological basic conditions platform. Relying on the National Cultural Heritage Science and Technology Innovation Center and the Nanhai Base of the Archaeological Research Center of the State Administration of Cultural relics, a comprehensive scientific research experimental platform will be built. Layout and construction of special experimental platforms such as fire prevention and control of cultural relic buildings, structure and shock absorption of cultural relic buildings, service evaluation of cultural relics protection materials, cultural relics scene display and intelligent technology, etc., to support the construction of regional cultural relics protection and archaeological analysis and detection service centers. We will speed up the construction of a resource database of cultural relics and archaeological specimens and a scientific data center for cultural relics conservation, and gradually promote the inclusion of the national scientific and technological resources sharing service platform.

We will strengthen international scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation, build a platform for international scientific research cooperation on cultural heritage, and make overall efforts to promote international academic exchanges, scientific research cooperation, personnel training and institution building of cultural heritage. Focusing on major topics such as the comparative study of world civilization, the protection of cultural heritage along the Silk Road, and the risk map of cultural heritage, we will thoroughly implement international research plans and projects, and jointly build "Belt and Road Initiative" countries to carry out cooperative research. Actively participate in large-scale international scientific and technological cooperation programs in the field of cultural heritage. Attract internationally renowned research institutions to jointly set up an international science and technology center for cultural heritage in China.

Strengthen the contingent of scientific and technological innovation talents of cultural relics and expand the training scale of cultural relics scientific and technological talents through discipline construction, scientific research platform construction and the implementation of major projects and other ways to speed up the training of cultural relics scientific and technological innovation reserve talents. We will promote the construction of disciplines related to science and technology of cultural relics, and strengthen the training of cultural relics scientific and technological personnel with the intersection of arts and science. We will encourage colleges and universities to independently set up undergraduate majors such as archaeology, cultural relics and museology, and cultural relics protection technology in "double-first-class" construction. Through the "strong Base Plan" and "National key areas Strategic Talent Reserve enrollment Plan", we will strengthen the regular increment tilt and stock structure adjustment, and improve the scale and quality of high-level personnel training in cultural relics, science and technology innovation-related fields. We will improve the "double mentor" system for graduate students majoring in literature and literature, and give full play to the guiding role of industry mentors. We will support the upgrading and digital transformation of vocational education, such as the restoration and protection of cultural relics, and strengthen the training of technical and skilled personnel.

Strengthen the strength of scientific research personnel in the cultural relics industry the establishment and supply of provincial institutions should be appropriately tilted towards cultural and cultural institutions, strengthen internal capacity to tap potential, highlight the functions of cultural and cultural institutions, and focus on ensuring professional and technical posts. Optimize the post structure of cultural and cultural institutions, professional and technical posts are generally not less than 70%, and correspondingly increase the proportion of scientific research personnel. In local cultural and cultural institutions, senior professional and technical posts in first-level, second-and third-level museums and cultural relics protection and research institutions shall not exceed 40%, no more than 35% and no more than 30% respectively; other museums, cultural relics protection and research institutions shall be controlled in accordance with no more than 25%. Cultural and cultural institutions may set up innovative posts to carry out scientific and technological research and development of cultural relics protection according to the needs of scientific and technological innovation. If there are insufficient posts, they may apply for ad hoc posts in accordance with the relevant provisions, which are not limited by the total number of posts and the proportion of posts. Support cultural and cultural units to attract researchers from universities and scientific research institutes to work part-time at the front line in accordance with the regulations.

Strengthen the training of young and middle-aged scientific research backbones, continue to implement the "Cultural relics Outstanding Youth support Action", train and bring up a number of young and middle-aged scientific research backbones and innovative teams in the field of cultural relics, and pay attention to the discovery and training of masters, strategic scientists, scientific and technological leaders, outstanding engineers, craftsmen and highly skilled personnel in the protection and utilization of cultural relics. We will establish and improve the system of young visiting scholars, and support cultural and research units in selecting and sending young researchers to colleges and universities and scientific research institutes to visit their studies. Support cultural and research units to set up postdoctoral research workstations and jointly recruit postdoctoral researchers with universities and scientific research institutes.

Improve the incentive mechanism for scientific and technological innovation of cultural relics, promote the reform of scientific research management of cultural and cultural units, and optimize and improve relevant management regulations in the light of the policy requirements of the central scientific and technological system reform of various regions and units, and in the light of the business characteristics of cultural and cultural units. Cultural and research units that undertake key national scientific research tasks enjoy the relevant policies on giving scientific research institutions and personnel greater autonomy in the management of scientific research projects, the management and use of scientific research funds, and the temporary overseas travel of scientific research personnel on business. Encourage legal persons to assume responsibility and give preferential support to units that implement policies in place and have outstanding achievements in scientific and technological innovation, such as verifying the total amount of performance wages, applying for various scientific and technological plans at all levels, and laying out the construction of scientific and technological innovation bases.

We will strengthen incentives and incentives for scientific and technological innovation in cultural relics, reasonably verify the total amount of performance wages of cultural and cultural units, and improve the internal distribution and incentive mechanism to encourage innovation. The indirect cost of scientific research projects in the central government is arranged and used by the project undertaking unit as a whole, which can be used for performance expenditure, and is inclined to the teams and individuals with outstanding innovation performance. When carrying out the transformation activities of scientific and technological achievements stipulated in the Law of the people's Republic of China on promoting the Transformation of Scientific and technological achievements, a number of pilot research-oriented cultural and research units shall enjoy the incentive policy for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. The income from the transformation of scientific and technological achievements can be used for cash rewards, which shall be included in the total performance salary of the unit in the current year, but shall not be restricted by the total amount and shall not be included in the total base. The relevant units should establish and improve the regulations on the management of the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and clearly define the scope of policy personnel, specific distribution methods and relevant processes for cash awards for the transformation of achievements. Individuals and organizations that have made outstanding contributions to the scientific and technological progress of cultural relics shall be rewarded in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State.

We will improve the incentive mechanism for technological innovation in enterprises, promote the identification of high-tech enterprises in the field of cultural relics, and encourage enterprises to strengthen the research and development of special technologies for cultural relics. Leading enterprises are encouraged to invest first to carry out the research and development of key materials and equipment for cultural relics protection, and to promote the research and development and large-scale application of innovative products by means of first purchase and ordering. We will promote the cultivation and establishment of national technological innovation centers in the field of cultural relics.

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