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This article mainly explains "the introduction and installation method of prometheus". Interested friends may wish to have a look. The method introduced in this paper is simple, fast and practical. Let's let the editor take you to learn the introduction and installation of prometheus.

What is Prometheus?

Prometheus is an open source combination of monitoring-alarm-time series database, which was originally developed by SoundCloud. As it grows, more and more companies and organizations accept the adoption of Prometheus, and the community is so active that they turn it into an open source project with a company to operate. Google SRE also mentioned in his book that a similar implementation to their BorgMon monitoring system is Prometheus. Nowadays, the most common Kubernetes container management systems are usually monitored with Prometheus.

Advantages of Prometheus

1. Flexible configuration

Students who have used zabbix should have experienced the pain of installing dependent packages during installation, while the core part of premetheus only has a separate binary file, which can be downloaded, extracted and installed, and there is no dependent third-party library.

two。 Monitor more diversity

Prometheus supports clients in multiple languages, through which we can easily bury the core business, such as placing orders, adding shopping carts and other processes.

And prometheus already has a lot of system integration: for example

Application-level monitoring: nginx,haproxy,mysql, docker, etc.

System level such as: SNMP protocol monitoring, host monitoring, process monitoring

Container Cloud Monitor: docker,k8s openstack Private Cloud

3. Very efficient storage

The average sampling data accounts for about 3.5 bytes, 3.2 million of the time series, sampling every 30 seconds, holding for 60 days, consuming about 228g of disk.

Architecture of prometheus

Introduce it against each part of the figure:

Prometheus server

Mainly responsible for data collection and storage, providing PromQL query language support

Retrieval: sampling module, where the prometheus server pulls the data, retrieves the pulled data and distributes the data to TSDB for storage

TSDB: the local storage of the enclosure is TSDB by default

HTTP server: provides http API query and panel. The default port is 9090.

Short-lived jobs:

Short or batch businesses that do not have enough time to be deleted cannot be pulled by pull. You need to use push in combination with pushgeteway.

Service Discovery:

Service discovery, prometheus supports a variety of service discovery mechanisms: file, DNS,k8s,openstack, etc. Based on the process of service discovery, prometheus queries the list of target to be monitored through the third-party interface, and then polls these target to obtain monitoring data

Client SDK

The official client class library is go,java,python,ruby.

Pushgateway

The intermediate gateway that supports temporary job active push metrics. Prometheus is pulled from exporters by default. However, in some cases, we do not allow promethes to communicate directly with exporters. In this case, we can use pushgateway to actively push data to pushgateway from the client, and then pull data from prometheus. A lot of times we need to customize some components to collect

ProDash

Dashboard developed with rails to visualize metric data

Exporters

Import metrics from other data sources to prometheus, support database, hardware, message middleware, storage system, http server, jmx, etc.

Responsible for collecting the performance data of the target object and making it available to prometheus server through http interface

As long as it meets the interface format, it can be collected.

Alertmanager

Experimental component, used for alarm

Prometheus_cli

Command line tool

The workflow of prometheus

Prometheus server periodically pulls metrics from the configured jobs or exporters. Either accept metrics sent from pushgateway, or pull metrics from other prometheus server

Prometheus server stores the collected metrics locally and runs the defined arlt.rules to record a new time series or push an alarm to the alertmanager

According to the configuration file, Alertmanager processes the received alarm and issues the alarm.

In the graphical interface, visual data collection, you can use the grafana template written by others.

Prometheus deployment

Download address: https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/[root@zmedu-17 ~] # tar xf prometheus-2.7.2.linux-amd64.tar.gz [root ~] # mv prometheus-2.7.2.linux-amd64 / usr/local/ prometheus [root @ zmedu-17 ~] # cd / usr/local/prometheus/ [root @ zmedu-17 prometheus] # lsconsole_libraries NOTICE promtoolconsoles prometheusLICENSE prometheus.yml [root @ zmedu-17 prometheus] # lsconsole_libraries NOTICE promtoolconsoles prometheusLICENSE prometheus.yml

[root@zmedu-17 prometheus] #. / prometheus-- versionprometheus, version 2.7.2 (branch: HEAD, revision: 82f98c825a1437c0a24056eb4dc986d9a3fc7fae) build user: root@ab86c672c33a build date: 20190302-14:57:04 go version: go1.11.5 [root @ zmedu-17 prometheus] # [root@zmedu-17 prometheus] #. / prometheus & # launch [1] 66474 in the background

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