Shulou(Shulou.com)11/24 Report--

CTOnews.com, Nov. 7 (Xinhua)-- using data from the NASA Chandra X-ray Observatory and the James Webb Space Telescope, scientists have discovered a giant black hole formed in the early days of the Big Bang with a mass equal to that of all the stars in the galaxy combined.

Arcosh Bogdan (Akos Bogdan) and his team discovered the black hole in a galaxy called UHZ1 in the direction of galaxy cluster Abell 2744, 3.5 billion light-years from Earth. However, Weber data show that the galaxy is much farther away than the star cluster and is actually about 13.2 billion light-years from Earth. It was born 470 million years after the Big Bang, when the age of the universe was only 3 per cent of its current age.

The study has been published in the journal Nature Astronomy (CTOnews.com with DOI:2305.15458).

▲ source: NASA according to reports, this is the farthest black hole ever observed by humans with the help of X-rays, and it is also the oldest black hole. The black hole is in an early stage of growth that has never been seen before. The discovery may help scientists understand the formation of some supermassive black holes in the early days of the universe.

Bogdan's team found that the black hole was massive when it was born. Based on the brightness and energy of the X-ray, its mass is estimated to be between 1 billion and 100 million suns. This mass range is similar to the sum of the masses of all the stars in their galaxies, in sharp contrast to the black holes at the center of galaxies in the nearby universe, which usually contain only about 1/1000 of the mass of stars in their host galaxies.

After observing the Chandra X-ray Observatory for two weeks, scientists finally discovered the presence of strong, superheated X-ray emitting gas in the galaxy (a sign of a supermassive black hole).

It is said that due to the intervention material in Abell 2744 (due to the gravitational lens effect), the X-ray from the galaxy and the gas around its supermassive black hole is magnified about fourfold, enhancing the infrared signal detected by Weber and enabling Chandra to detect a weak X-ray source.

Andy Goulding of Princeton University points out that "once black holes are formed, their growth rate is physically limited, but those that are heavier when they are born have an advantage. Like planting a sapling, it takes less time to grow into a big tree than it takes to start with a seed."

In addition, Goulding, co-author of the paper in Nature Astronomy, published a new paper in the Astrophysical Journal KuaiBao, which used Webb's spectrum to report the distance and mass of the galaxy.

It is worth mentioning that the huge mass of a young supermassive black hole, coupled with the number of X-rays it produces and the galactic brightness detected by Webb, all seem to be consistent with the theoretical prediction made by co-author Priyamvada Natarajan of Yale University in 2017, that is, a "supermassive black hole" formed directly by the collapse of a large cloud of gas.

"We think this is the first time a 'supermassive black hole' has been detected, and it is the best evidence so far that some black holes are formed by a large number of gas clouds." Natarajan said.

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