Shulou(Shulou.com)11/24 Report--

Any tool is destined to reshape the user.

Author | Core

Editor | Jingyu

"Technology is driven by lazybones! "

I believe that all people have used this sentence to make excuses for themselves when they "touch the fish" or "lie flat".

From the industrial revolution of steam engines to the digital revolution of computers, technological advances do make human beings have more and more capital to lie flat in some ways.

Will AI technology, which has the greatest potential to become the next generation platform, make human beings "lazier"?

It seems to be true, but this is not good news.

According to a new study published in the journal Frontiers of Robotics and artificial Intelligence, humans really get lazy when they work with AI and machines.

Cymek, lead author of the study, said: "teamwork can be both a blessing and a curse. "

So, in the era of AI, the biggest crisis for mankind is not to be replaced by machines, but to be "too lazy to degenerate"?

01. Machine assistant, let human beings "relax their vigilance." when there is such a powerful helper as a machine, it will make human beings become more "big-hearted".

Researchers at the Technical University of Berlin in Germany provided 42 participants with blurred images of the circuit board and asked them to check for defects. Half of the participants were told that the circuit board they were dealing with had been checked by a robot called Panda and marked for defects.

Experiment: visual search task of simulating circuit board quality control | Research on "Robot and artificial Intelligence Frontier" in fact, the robot "Panda" detected 94.8% defects in the course of the experiment. All participants saw the same 320 images of scanned circuit boards, and when the researchers took a closer look at the participants' error rates, they found that participants working with Panda captured fewer defects later in the task. because they have seen Panda successfully mark many defects.

Participants in both groups examined almost the entire surface of the circuit board, took the time to search, and made a high degree of self-evaluation. As a result, participants who worked with robots found an average of 3.3 defects, while those who completed the task alone found an average of 4.23 defects.

Average and standard deviation of defects detected by both groups of participants. "this suggests that participants may not pay too much attention to checking circuit boards when working with robot partners," according to the Frontier of Robotics and artificial Intelligence study. The participants in our study seemed to keep trying to check the circuit board, but it seemed that the inspection was done with less mental work and attention to sampled information. "

This means that if they are told that the robot has been partially checked and experienced the reliability of the robot, they will find fewer defects. Subconsciously, they assume that pandas are less likely to miss defects and produce a "social inertia" effect.

The impact of this study is particularly important for industries that rely on strict quality control. The authors warn that even a short period of relaxation of human attention may be due to over-reliance on the accuracy of robots, which can endanger safety.

Researcher Onnasch said: "during longer shifts, when tasks become more routine and the work environment provides less performance monitoring and feedback, the loss of motivation tends to be greater. This can have a negative impact on work results, which is common in manufacturing, especially in safety-related areas where double checks are common. "

Of course, there are some limitations to the researchers' tests. For example, the samples are not large enough, and it is difficult to simulate "social inertia" in the laboratory because participants know they are being monitored. "the main limitation is the laboratory environment," Cymek explained. "

02. The "man-machine cooperation crisis" has already occurred. In fact, outside the laboratory, the "degeneration" caused by man-machine cooperation has already appeared in the real world.

In the field of self-driving, there is a phenomenon similar to "social inertia", called "automated complacency (Automation complacency)", which is typically distracted by automated assistance.

In March 2018, a Uber self-driving car with a safety guard killed a cyclist in Arizona. Police analysis found that if the security officer had been watching the road, the security officer could have stopped 12.8 meters in front of the victim and avoided the tragedy.

Tesla is often the focus of US media and regulators, often because of accidents related to self-driving. A typical scene is that a Tesla driver sleeps or plays games while using the autopilot function and is involved in a fatal car accident.

In the current AI frenzy, the prediction that machines will replace humans is getting closer and closer to reality. One side thinks that machines will serve human beings, while the other thinks that human beings will accidentally create evil things.

In the medical field, the AI system "Doctor Watson" developed by IBM has given unsafe medication advice to cancer patients. This year, a paper pointed out that the generative AI has been able to pass the three parts of the U. S. medical licensing exam. A similar migration hypothesis is that if AI treats humans in the future, and then human doctors do the gatekeeping, will human doctors have the problems of "social inertia" and "automatic complacency"?

The authors of the study pointed out: "the combination of human and robot capabilities obviously offers many opportunities, but we should also consider the unexpected group effects that can occur in the man-machine team." When humans and robots work on the same task, this may lead to a loss of power of human team mates and make effects such as social inertia more likely. "

There are also concerns that AI may affect human thinking and creativity, weaken interpersonal relationships and distract from the whole reality. Pi, a chat robot launched by Inflection, a Silicon Valley generative AI star start-up, is designed to be a friendly and supportive partner. The founder said that Pi is a tool to help people cope with loneliness and can be used as an object to talk to. Critics argue that this allows people to escape from reality rather than interact with real humans.

Now, the relationship between people and tools has evolved to a new level. The birth of all tools has actually made human beings lazy, such as floor sweepers that save people from cleaning houses, and mobile phones that make people no longer have to write down phone numbers.

But the difference between AI technology and previous technology is that more thinking and choice work is left to AI, which is basically a black box, which is more like a transfer of thinking autonomy. When people leave driving decisions entirely to autopilot and medical diagnoses to the AI system, the potential cost may be completely different from the cost of not remembering phone numbers.

Joseph Weisenbaum, the computer scientist who developed the first chatbot in history, once compared science to "an addictive drug" and became "a chronic poison" because of increasing doses. If computers are introduced into some complex human activities, there may be no turning back.

When people give the power of thinking and judgment to the machine as a kind of "reference", the demons of "social inertia" and "automatic complacency" may also lurk and may become a chronic poison as the task is repeated.

This article comes from the official account of Wechat: geek Park (ID:geekpark), author: core

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