Shulou(Shulou.com)11/24 Report--

Thanks CTOnews.com netizen Hua Ke high achiever's clue delivery! This article comes from the official account of Wechat: SF Chinese (ID:kexuejiaodian), author: SF

General relativity constitutes the basis of modern cosmology, and although dark energy is a phenomenon that we cannot observe directly, scientists have put forward many related theories to explain various phenomena in cosmology. However, new research shows that theories such as general relativity and dark energy can not explain the related changes in large-scale structures observed by scientists.

Wen Jing | Wen Jing

From general relativity to dark energy in 1916, Einstein formally put forward the general theory of relativity, which for the first time equivalent the gravitational field to the bending of space-time. In 1929, Hubble proposed that "the universe is expanding. The space between galaxies increases linearly with time, and the galaxies themselves do not change; and the farther away the galaxies are, the faster they leave." Since then, physicists have developed the Big Bang theory (also known as the standard model of modern cosmology) based on general relativity and Hubble's law, and established modern cosmology.

It is very easy for us to understand that the universe is made up of matter. But if the universe is full of matter, then matter collapses inward under the influence of gravity and will collapse in a short period of time. In order to combat such a collapse, there must be another form of energy in the universe. Therefore, in order to better explain the evolution of the universe we have observed, physicists have proposed that there are three forms of energy in the universe: matter, radiation and dark energy.

When the universe is dominated by radiation, galaxies move away from each other less quickly; when the universe is dominated by matter, galaxies move away from each other less quickly, but they move more slowly; when the universe is dominated by dark energy, galaxies move away from each other more quickly. And we are now in a period when the universe is dominated by dark energy, and those distant galaxies are accelerating away from us.

The growth of large-scale structures is suppressed. One way for astronomers to study the evolution of the universe is to observe the mass and light distribution characteristics of the universe on a large scale (typically on a scale of one billion light-years), which is called the large-scale structure of the universe. The large-scale structure of the universe is like countless bubbles closely overlapped, galaxy clusters and other membranes (dense regions) that make up bubbles, in which there is an empty space. Scientists infer that during the evolution of the universe, large-scale structures continue to grow at a certain rate, that is, dense areas will become denser and space will become more empty.

Dark energy accelerates the global expansion of the universe, but has the opposite effect on large-scale structures. If gravity is like an amplifier that can promote the growth of large-scale structures, then dark energy is like an attenuator that suppresses disturbances between matter and slows down the growth of large-scale structures.

According to an article published in physical Review KuaiBao (Physical Review Letters), the large-scale structure of the universe observed by scientists in the standard model with dark matter and dark energy is still growing more slowly than Einstein's general theory of relativity predicted. In other words, although the theory holds that dark matter and dark energy can inhibit the growth of large-scale structures, it still can not fully explain the inhibition of large-scale structure growth.

Opportunities to understand the nature of gravity and dark energy researchers use a variety of cosmological detection methods, including cosmic microwave background, galactic weak gravitational lens detection and galactic motion, to infer the distribution of matter in the universe. The detection results show that the growth of large structures in the universe is indeed inhibited, and the closer the time is to the present, the greater the difference in the growth rate.

The results of this study challenge our existing understanding of the evolution of the universe. " The reason for this effect may be that dark energy and dark matter have some properties that we do not know, or that various models, including general relativity, still need to be improved, "said Dragan Dragan Huterer, a physics professor at the University of Michigan and one of the authors of the paper." the universe may be trying to tell us something. We need more statistics to determine why our standard model takes into account the effects of dark matter and dark energy, or observes slower-than-expected large-scale structural growth. "

"studying how the structure of the universe gathers and grows can help us understand the nature of gravity and dark energy." Said Nhat-Minh Nguyen, the correspondence author and postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Physics at the University of Michigan.

References:

Https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.131.111001

The universe caught suppressing cosmic structure growth | University of Michigan News (umich.edu)

Welcome to subscribe "Shulou Technology Information " to get latest news, interesting things and hot topics in the IT industry, and controls the hottest and latest Internet news, technology news and IT industry trends.