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In order to ensure the accuracy of color and reduce the color difference of photos, any photo needs to carry out color management and embed reasonable ICC settings for it. Photos with reasonable color settings can try not to deviate from color even if they are viewed on different occasions.

In Photoshop, open "Edit-Color Settings" and you can see the color management options in ps, as shown in the following figure.

1, color basic knowledge 01, color gamut is the range of color, any kind of color mode has a range. In this mode, only colors within the range can be displayed. If a color in the photo is outside the color range, it will be automatically replaced with an approximate color in the range.

At this time, the color changed and chromatic aberration appeared.

Common color range diagrams are as follows:

Look at the color gamut of your computer monitor and you can see how many colors you can show. If it's out of range, you can't see it.

PRO RGB is a kind of color with a wide range of colors. Adobe RGB also has a wide range of colors. The color gamut of many professional monitors is 99% Adobe RGB, which can display rich colors, but most devices and software do not support this mode, so there is a risk of "you have great colors, but I can't see them." The color range of S RGB is slightly smaller, because it is developed by Windows, so many browsers and software only support this mode, and the application range is very wide. CMYK is a printing color gamut, although the color range is small, but there are still colors that S RGB can not show. In addition, there are P3, NTSC and other color gamut.

02, dark color depth can be understood as the number of colors, the higher the color depth, the more the number of colors. A color range contains countless colors, but it can not be achieved in reality, so we can only continue to increase the number of colors to achieve more delicate performance.

For example, between 1 and 2, there are countless numbers. 1, 1.5, 2, not as good as 1, 1.1, 1.2. 1.9 and 2 are finer.

8-bit color depth, a primary color can have 2 colors, a combination of three primary colors, that is, 2 "× 2" × 2 colors.

03. The accuracy of quasi-color is usually expressed by Δ E. the smaller the value, the smaller the deviation. After color correction, Δ E of professional display can be less than 2.0. Electronic displays need to be calibrated regularly in order to ensure accurate color, which can be purchased or rented.

2, color management 01, the meaning of color management in ps, RGB values of 255,0,0 represent the reddest red. What is the reddest? if you look at the color range map in front of the article, you will find that the reddest colors are different in different color modes.

In order to ensure the accuracy of the color, you can't just say "the reddest" to the computer, but should say that this is the "reddest" color in which color mode. Embedding ICC files in color mode into photos is an important part of color management.

02. Color management in the camera. SRGB or ARGB can be set in the camera, which will affect your photos in jpg format. Although ARGB is more colorful, you can't see it without a professional monitor, and online sharing needs to be converted to SRGB. Therefore, depending on your personal needs, set it reasonably.

RAW format photos, will record all the colors the camera can show, the range is very wide, not affected by the setting.

03, post-processing color management opens the photo in RAW format, a line of words will appear below, click.

In ACR processing, it is still the original gamut and depth of the camera. What is set here is what color space to work with when ps does regular processing.

In PS's "Edit-Color Settings", you can set the working color space of ps for the same reason as above.

When saving photos, ps will have an option to "embed color profile". Be sure to check it. As for the reasons, please see the meaning of color management above.

04, the law of color conversion, the working mode of large color gamut, can accommodate more rich colors. When repairing the picture, you can get a more delicate color performance. For example, if you set the PRO RGB mode, the color performance will be better. Many photographers like high gamut mode retouching.

The premise is that your screen color gamut is large enough to display these colors. If the screen color gamut is 100% S RGB, the color unique to Adobe RGB will not be displayed correctly. (however, if you end up switching to S RGB, it doesn't matter.) Professional photographers will buy professional monitors.

The wide color gamut is converted to a low color gamut, and the color range is smaller, so some colors are thrown away. But in PS, the change is so small that it doesn't seem to make much difference. Therefore, in the conversion, do not worry too much, feel that "the color of the photo is useless." Some photographers like to trim pictures in high color gamut and then convert them to low color gamut to save.

When a low gamut is converted to a high gamut, there is almost no change in color. Because I can show all the colors you can show.

When you encounter a photo without an ICC color file, you may have a chromatic aberration. At this point, you have to guess in which space the picture was originally generated, and then use that space, and there will be no problem.

05, choose which kind of color space to modify the picture, it is recommended to set to PRO RGB or Adobe RGB, the photo color information is more. Ordinary display can also be set to S RGB, although the color range is small, but most colors can be displayed correctly on the ordinary screen, WYSIWYG, and save the picture with less color change.

When saving pictures, if you share them online, it is recommended to convert them to S RGB color format. Even for ordinary printing, this mode is recommended. If you browse on a professional monitor and print with a professional printer, you can use Adobe RGB. If it is a traditional four-color ink printing (not printing), you need to convert to CMYK mode, if you are not professional, it is recommended to save the RGB mode first and give it to the printer to convert.

When saving pictures, the default ICC color file is your ps workspace. If you want to change the color space, you need to change it in Edit-convert to profile. (because S RGB is too common, ps sets the shortcut key so that you can check the conversion button when "File-Export as".

This article is from the official account of Wechat: photography Research Society (ID:shoujiPhotography), by Zhang Xiaozhang.

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