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Today, the editor will share with you what are the relevant knowledge points about the components of linux, the content is detailed and the logic is clear. I believe most people still know too much about this knowledge, so share this article for your reference. I hope you can get something after reading this article.

It consists of four parts: 1, the kernel, which is the core of the operating system, is the core interface between computer hardware and its processes, and is responsible for the communication between them; 2, shell, is the user interface of the system, which provides an interface for users to interact with the kernel; 3, file system, is the organization method of files stored on disks and other storage devices; 4, application programs.

The operating environment of this tutorial: linux5.9.8 system, Dell G3 computer.

Linux systems generally have four main parts: kernel, shell, file system, and application. Together, the kernel, shell, and the file system form the basic operating system structure that allows users to run programs, manage files, and use the system.

1. Linux kernel

The kernel is the core of the operating system

Linux kernel is not only the main component of Linux operating system (OS), but also the core interface between computer hardware and its processes. It is responsible for communicating between the two and managing resources as efficiently as possible.

The kernel has many basic functions, such as virtual memory, multitasking, shared libraries, demand loading, executable programs, and TCP/IP network functions. The module of Linux kernel is divided into the following parts: storage management, CPU and process management, file system, device management and driver, network communication, system initialization and system call.

The kernel has four main tasks:

Memory management: track how much memory is stored, what and where

Process management: determine which processes can use the central processing unit (CPU), when, and for how long

Device driver: acts as a mediator / interpreter between hardware and processes

System calls and security: accept service requests from the process

II. Linux shell

Shell is the user interface of the system, which provides an interface for users to interact with the kernel. It receives the command entered by the user and sends it to the kernel for execution. It is a command interpreter. In addition, shell programming language has many characteristics of ordinary programming language, and shell programs written in this programming language have the same effect as other application programs.

III. Linux file system

A file system is a method of organizing files on storage devices such as disks.

Linux operating system uses virtual file system (VFS) up and user process file access system call interface, down and specific file system implementation interface. VFS shields the implementation details of specific files and provides a unified operation interface.

Arbitrary file systems can be implemented through VFS, and these file systems can be accessed through file access system calls. Therefore, the Linux system core can support more than ten file system types, such as Btrfs, JFS, ReiserFS, ext, ext2, ext3, ext4, ISO9660, XFS, Minx, MSDOS, UMSDOS, VFAT, NTFS, HPFS, NFS, SMB, SysV, PROC and so on.

Several important file systems that it supports are described below

2. Ext is the first file system specially designed for Linux and made for linux core. Maximum limit for a single file: unknown; the file system supports the maximum capacity of 2GB.

3. Ext2 is designed by R é my Card to replace ext and is the file system used by the LINUX kernel. The maximum limit for a single file is 2TB; the file system supports the maximum capacity of 32TB.

4. Ext3 a journaling file system. The maximum limit for a single file is 16TB, which supports the maximum capacity of 32TB.

5. The development team led by ext4Theodore Tso realizes the log file system under the Linux system. The maximum limit for a single file is 16TB, which supports the maximum capacity of 1EB.

6. JFS2 is a byte-level log file system, which is mainly designed and developed to meet the high throughput and reliability requirements of the server. The maximum limit for a single file is 16TB, which supports the maximum capacity of 1PB.

Note: only the maximum file size limits and maximum file system capacity of these file systems are described here, not their performance comparison.

IV. Linux application

Standard Linux systems generally have a set of assemblies called applications, which include text editors, programming languages, XWindow, office suites, Internet tools, and databases.

These are all the contents of the article "what are the components of linux?" Thank you for reading! I believe you will gain a lot after reading this article. The editor will update different knowledge for you every day. If you want to learn more knowledge, please pay attention to the industry information channel.

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