Shulou(Shulou.com)11/24 Report--

The building of physics is about to usher in a new dark cloud?

A set of observations from the European Space Agency's Gaia Telescope challenged Newton and Einstein's theory of mechanics by astronomers. The discoverer said that if the conclusion holds, it will have a huge impact on the physics community as a whole.

The discovery was made by Professor Kyu-Hyun Chae of Sejong University in South Korea. At present, Professor Chae's paper has been published on The Astrophysical Journal.

By analyzing the Gaia telescope data, he found that there are gravitational anomalies between binary systems.

Professor Chae said that neither classical mechanics nor general relativity can explain this phenomenon.

As for the significance of the discovery, Chae told the tech media Motherboard:

I think we are now entering a very exciting period.

The "ultraviolet disaster" of Maxwell's electromagnetic theory was discovered more than a century ago, and it eventually led to quantum physics.

We are now experiencing a "gravity disaster" with low acceleration. I don't know where it will lead the world, but I feel very excited.

Although netizens are skeptical about this, they also say that if Professor Chae's result is correct, it will be a big deal.

So what kind of anomalies did Professor Chae find in the binary system?

General Relativity challenged Professor Chae studied data on more than 26,000 sets of double star systems in the Gaia DR3 data set.

He found that under the condition of weak gravitational acceleration, the motion of the stars deviated obviously from the Newton-Einstein theoretical model.

Professor Chae backprojected the linear velocity and radius of the observed two-dimensional projection of celestial motion to three-dimensional space by Monte Carlo method, and obtained the three-dimensional linear velocity v and radius r.

According to Newton's gravitational model, the gravitational acceleration gN=GM / r ². (G is the gravitational constant, M is the central celestial mass)

The acceleration an of celestial bodies in circular motion (which is equal to gN in this environment) is v ²/ r.

However, when the gravitational acceleration gN ≲ 10-9m/s ², there is an obvious deviation between the results of the two equations.

When gN ≈ 10 − 8.91 and 10 − 10.15m/s ², the deviations between the observed values and the theoretical values are 0.034 ±0.007 and 0.109 ±0.013, respectively.

At 10 − 10.15m/s ², the ratio of measured values to theoretical values reached 1.43.

In the past, dark matter was often used to explain anomalies in observed data. But Professor Chae believes that this explanation does not apply to binary systems-dark matter has no effect on the internal gravity of the system.

As a result, the existence of dark matter is also called into question, says Professor Chae:

The available information cannot rule out the possibility of interference from other unknown particles, but the number is by no means as large as that of dark matter.

If these findings are confirmed, and not due to other intervention factors, an astonishing conclusion will be drawn:

Newton's classical mechanical system is also not applicable at low speed.

Newton's classical mechanical system is a limit of general relativity. If it is broken, it means that general relativity also needs to be modified.

Professor Chae cited a modified model to explain this abnormal phenomenon.

If the theory is wrong, how to correct it? The AQUAL cited by Professor Chae is a MOND model (Modified Newtonian Dynamics), that is, some modifications are made on the basis of Newtonian mechanical system.

AQUAL is a quadratic Lagrangian theory, which was proposed by Bekenstein and Milgrom in 1984.

AQUAL introduces a critical acceleration a0, which is applicable to other laws when the acceleration is much less than a0. At the same time, AQUAL predicts that the orbital velocity around the central gravity no longer follows Newton's inverse square law.

This model does explain the hairstyle of the Gaia telescope.

However, some netizens said that the MOND model of AUQAL also has problems.

Professor Chae also told Motherboard that observation and theoretical work should continue, and this paper is based on special circumstances in which Newtonian classical mechanics and Einstein's general theory of relativity are still important basic theories.

In short, the essence behind the phenomenon remains to be further explored. Readers, you might as well let the bullet fly for a while.

Paper address:

Https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ace101

Reference link:

[1] https://thenextweb.com/news/einstein-newton-gravity-gaia-telescope-space

[2] https://www.vice.com/en/article/ak3jwb/unbelievable-astronomer-claims-direct-evidence-of-gravity-breaking-down

[3] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37073494

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