Shulou(Shulou.com)11/24 Report--

Henan Province is the core province in the central region, and its total economic output ranks first among the six provinces. In 2022, the province's GDP reached 6.134505 trillion yuan [1]. It is also one of the five major grain net transfer provinces in the country. as a major province of traditional agriculture, Henan's performance in the field of hard science and technology is also remarkable.

This article is the second article of "Urban hard Science and Technology". We focus on Henan Province, sort out and analyze the province's hard science and technology projects / parks in 2023, and briefly review the investment and construction in the field of hard science and technology in recent years. Finally, we will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the development of Henan hard science and technology industry.

Li Tuo, author

Fruit shell hard science and technology planning

Henan hard Science and Technology background at the beginning of March this year, Henan Provincial Development and Reform Commission issued the "list of key Construction projects in Henan Province in 2023" [2], arranging a total of 2505 provincial key construction projects, with an annual planned investment of about 1.9 trillion yuan, both of which are the highest since 2018.

The total amount and planned completion of key construction projects in Henan Province (2018-2023), source (official website of Henan Development and Reform Commission, construction network of key projects in Henan Province, carding and mapping) comparison of provincial key planning projects and planned investment quota in the six provinces of central China with fruit shell hard science and technology in 2023 is as follows:

Comparing the provincial project planning of the six provinces in central China in 2023, the data source: the official website of the provincial people's government / the official website of the National Development and Reform Commission, tabulated, the hard science and technology of fruit shell is combed and screened according to the fruit shell hard science and technology (ID:guokr233). There are a total of 487 provincial hard science and technology projects and 107 hard science and technology parks in Henan Province in 2023, accounting for 23.7% of the key projects in the whole year. The ranking is as follows:

The regional distribution of Henan provincial hard science and technology projects in 2023, source, official website of Henan Development and Reform Commission, combing the table, fruit shell hard science and technology is worth mentioning, from the key municipal construction projects in Zhengzhou, Luoyang, Xinxiang, Shangqiu, Zhumadian, Puyang and other places, the technical content of some municipal projects is not inferior to that of provincial projects (such as new materials in Zhengzhou and aerospace in Luoyang. Xinxiang biological breeding, in vitro diagnosis, hydrogen fuel cell project, etc.).

As there are only five municipal projects in Henan, even if all these municipal hard science and technology projects are screened out, the discussion significance is limited, so this paper does not carry out the municipal key projects in detail, as mentioned below, all aim at the provincial hard science and technology projects.

The Henan Provincial Development and Reform Commission officially pointed out that this year's provincial projects focus on "highlighting infrastructure, advanced manufacturing, and advanced manufacturing" [3]. This is clearly reflected in our further screening of 487 provincial hard science and technology projects: intelligent manufacturing and green economy occupy absolute quantitative superiority.

Distribution of Henan provincial hard science and technology key projects in 2023, source: official website of Henan Provincial Development and Reform Commission, combing and mapping (fruit shell hard science and technology) the following details on the general situation of Henan hard science and technology and the planning of key projects this year:

The smart manufacturing Foxconn factory is a business card of "made in Henan". In September 2021, Foxconn Zhengzhou Science and Technology Park was awarded the title of "Lighthouse Factory" of the World Economic Forum (WEF). The Foxconn factories in Zhengzhou, Jiyuan, Hebi, Puyang, Kaifeng (Lankao) and Zhoukou have absorbed a large amount of surplus labor in the province.

The coupling mechanism between the local embedding of multinational corporations and regional development strategy from the perspective of labor force-- taking Foxconn's Zhengzhou investment as an example [4] but the electronic products processing industry is at the bottom of the manufacturing value chain. To see the true face of Henan's hard-tech industry, we must turn our attention to super-large shield machines, super-hard materials, electronic specialties and other fields. Henan has obvious advantages in the whole country and even around the world.

The first national shield industrialization base in China is in Xinxiang, Henan Province. Zhengzhou China Railway equipment produces the largest production and sales volume of large shield machines in the world.

The first hinged six-sided jacking press used to manufacture cubic boron nitride and synthetic diamond in China comes from Zhengzhou Sanmo Institute (now a subsidiary of National Machinery Seiko). As a result, Henan produces 70% of the world's superhard materials.

The first batch of domestic independent research and development of crystal lithium hexafluorophosphate and ppt electronic grade hydrofluoric acid for semiconductors come from Henan Jiaozuo polyfluoroduo.

Among the provincial projects of intelligent manufacturing in Henan Province in 2023, many of them are based on the above advantages, with a total of 183, with a large number of projects and a wide range of projects, with the following characteristics:

The effect of industrial cluster is significant and the regional characteristics are distinct. In the provincial hard science and technology projects in 2023, the superhard materials represented by synthetic diamonds are still distributed in Shangqiu (where there are power diamonds), Xuchang (where there is the whirlwind of the Yellow River), and Nanyang (where there are central and southern diamonds). Fluorine chemical industry is concentrated in Jiaozuo, nylon industry is concentrated in Pingdingshan, Hebi and so on. Fruit shell hard technology simply combs the distribution of intelligent manufacturing advantage industries in Henan Province:

The regional distribution characteristics of Henan intelligent manufacturing, mapping? the hard technology of fruit shell is based on Foxconn and extends moderately in the value chain. In terms of industrial status, digital product assembly is at the bottom of the intelligent manufacturing value chain, but the production lines landed in Zhengzhou, Kaifeng, Luohe, Hebi and Jiyuan in Henan Province have also led to the development of the local R & D and manufacturing industry chain of optoelectronic displays, optical lenses and smart wearable devices. [5]

However, the extension to the parts has not changed the general trend of "both ends", and the role of division of labor at the bottom of the smile curve has not been fundamentally changed.

Green economy June 13, 155 sets of intelligent hydraulic supports with 10m super mining height were successfully delivered [6]. These supports with the highest support height in the world are from Zhengzhou Coal Mine Machinery Group (Zheng Coal Machinery). Zheng Coal Machinery is also the first set of hydraulic support manufacturer in China. At present, its domestic market share is leading. In addition to its excellent R & D management ability, it is also closely related to the coal-based energy consumption structure in Henan Province.

During the 13th five-year Plan period, Henan Province eliminated nearly 6 million kilowatts of backward coal-fired power units, ranking first in the country in shutdown capacity. however, at the beginning of the 14th five-year Plan, Henan coal consumption still exceeded the national level by about 10%. And oil, gas, water, wind and solar energy are on the low side. Officials estimate that about 60% of the energy during the 14th five-year Plan period needs to be imported from outside the province. [7]

In 2023, the total number of green economy projects including landscape lithium new energy, energy storage and other new energy construction projects reached 149.

The regional distribution characteristics and mapping of Henan green economy? the projects of fruit shell hard science and technology show the following characteristics:

Rely more on the advantages of wind power and lithium power industry chain. Relying on wind power (Luoyang LYC Luo axis, Xinqiang Union, production of wind power bearings; Xinyang production base of Mingyang smart energy, manufacturing large wind power blades), lithium power (Jiaozuo polyfluorine, key materials for producing lithium battery electrolyte: lithium hexafluorophosphate Luoyang AVIC Lithium Power, Zhongzhou era lithium battery) industry in the field of technological advantages, the province has many projects in the field of wind power and lithium power industry. Luoyang is one of the five major bearing industrial clusters in China. Luoyang has two large-scale wind bearing R & D manufacturers Luoxian and Xinqiang Union.

Pumped storage makes a living on the back of the mountain. Pumped storage has higher requirements for altitude, so most of the related projects are concentrated in Taihang Mountain (Linzhou, Anyang), Dabie Mountain (Xinyang Guangshan), Funiu Mountain (Nanyang Nanzhao), Fushan (Sanmenxia Lingbao), Songshan (Gongyi, Zhengzhou) and other mountainous areas. in addition, there are many such projects under construction in multi-prefectural and municipal planning.

Pumped storage projects and the total scale have shown explosive growth in the past two years. According to data issued by the National Energy Administration, only 48 pumped storage projects were approved in 2022, with an installed capacity of 68.9 million kilowatts, exceeding the total scale during the 13th five-year Plan period. The scale of new production that year also reached 8.8 million kilowatts, a record high. A large number of pumped storage projects put forward more requirements for the manufacturing, installation, operation and maintenance of the industrial chain. At the same time, there is an urgent need for local governments to approve and refine the pumped storage electricity price mechanism.

Hydrogen energy is still in its infancy. Hydrogen energy construction projects in Henan this year are concentrated in Xinxiang and Puyang. Compared with Shandong's annual production of 2.6 million tons of industrial by-product hydrogen [8], Henan's annual production of 550000 tons of by-product hydrogen is far from rich. According to the plan of Henan Province to build the "Zheng Bianluo Pu hydrogen Corridor" in 2022, northern, northwest and central-southern Henan will become the three major hydrogen supply bases in the province [9]. These three areas are mainly by-products of hydrogen from coal coking and petrochemical industry.

However, according to the principle of "local consumption", industrial by-product hydrogen has been used in nylon production in coal producing areas such as Pingdingshan. Shoushan Chemical alone can consume 700 million cubic meters of hydrogen from coke oven gas to produce hydrogen [10]. It is doubtful how much hydrogen is available for fuel cells. Jiaozuo plans to have an annual hydrogen production capacity of more than 1.5 billion cubic meters (about 135000 tons) by 2025, and the actual capacity is also limited. The real bet is Puyang, which owns Zhongyuan Oilfield and puts forward the slogan of "Central Plains hydrogen City". According to the city's plan, by 2025, the annual hydrogen production capacity will exceed 350000 tons, of which industrial by-product hydrogen production capacity is 40,000 tons per year and "green hydrogen" production capacity is 10,000 tons per year [12].

Henan hydrogen energy industry planning, reference [9] need to remind that although the local can be moderately ahead of hydrogen energy layout, but it is not wise to bet too much on hydrogen energy. At present, there are still a large number of technical problems to be solved in hydrogen production, transportation, storage and other links. Huang Qifan once suggested that hydrogen energy should focus on clean energy storage, that is, using clean energy to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen during the day and hydrogen to generate electricity at night to avoid the safety of transportation.

With the surplus of domestic photovoltaic panel products, the electricity price of photovoltaic power generation is gradually lowing. at present, the industry has a trend of rapidly turning to photovoltaic hydrogen production, which may help to greatly reduce the cost of hydrogen production and use.

In short, lithium power and wind power industry chain should be the focus of the development of green economy in Henan for a period of time. Green hydrogen + energy storage is an important application direction of hydrogen energy.

In November 2019, Youth Automobile officially went bankrupt [13], only half a year after the company's "water-to-hydrogen engine" was "liked" by Nanyang regional leaders. The target of unreliable youth cars is not only Nanyang, but also Shizuishan in Ningxia, Lianyungang in Jiangsu, Jinan in Shandong and Tai'an in Shandong, and Ordos in Inner Mongolia. Behind this is the era of great transformation of the automobile industry. Local governments are eager to cut into new energy vehicles and want to transform and upgrade.

Henan's anxiety comes from its origin. Auto parts is one of the local key industries in Nanyang, and Nanyang Xiguan is an important city in the production of automobile shock absorbers in the country, but it has never entered the whole vehicle industry. Looking at the whole province, Henan automobile production declined continuously in 2020 and 2021, with a growth rate of-23.5% and-3.9% respectively. By 2022, after the introduction of several large car companies into Henan, they were on the right track and realized the "conversion" of annual automobile output.

In 2023, Henan Province will focus on 65 provincial-level automobile projects. With the exception of SAIC Zhengzhou, BYD and Nanyang Xizian, other parts projects do not seem to have many bright spots.

Data show that in 2022, Henan produced 553100 vehicles, of which 96000 were new energy vehicles [1], far less than Hubei (1.853 million in the whole year, including 293000 new energy vehicles [14]) and Anhui (1.747 million in the whole year). Among them, 422000 new energy vehicles [15]), the gap is obvious, at best, it can be regarded as "middle-class students".

However, Henan is ready for a "big fight": it is officially planned that by 2025, the output of new energy vehicles in the province will exceed 1.5 million [16], accounting for more than 40% of the province's automobile output (that is, the total output of all categories of vehicles will exceed 3.75 million). According to the work report of Henan provincial government in 2022, the output of passenger cars at the end of the 14th five-year Plan reached 3 million, with new energy vehicles accounting for more than 30%, and the industrial scale reached 500 billion yuan. [17]

The regional distribution characteristics and mapping of Henan automobile industry? can the wild planning of fruit shell hard science and technology come true?

There are many auto parts supporting enterprises in Henan Province. at present, there are 17 complete vehicle enterprises, of which more than 90% of the production capacity is concentrated in Zhengzhou (this will still be the case in the foreseeable future), including local car brands Yutong and Shaolin Automobile. A total of 6 vehicle enterprises, such as the introduction of Zhengzhou Nissan, Dongfeng Nissan Zhengzhou, Haima Automobile, Shanghai Automobile Zhengzhou Base, etc. Among them, the Zhengzhou production base of SAIC Group has a vehicle production capacity of 600000 vehicles a year, which is the largest production base of SAIC passenger cars in the country [18]. In addition, in 2022, Zhengzhou successively introduced FAW Liberation, BYD, Geely and Fuyao Glass. Luoyang introduced Ningde era [19]. In Henan official planning, it also intends to introduce Tesla, Weilai and other car companies. [20]

According to official estimates, if SAIC's Zhengzhou base and BYD's Zhengzhou base (400000 vehicles per year in Hefei) are fully produced, Henan will have an annual production capacity of about 1.45 million cars. [21]

How long can Henan hold the hard-tech ticket? We discuss it from the point of view of scientific and technological innovation, production and investment model, education, etc.

Henan is still facing challenges. Henan has always been regarded as an "agricultural province", its administrative status is not prominent, and the resources of national economic policies are very limited. there are neither vice-provincial cities nor separately listed cities in the province. At the end of 2016, Zhengzhou received support for the construction of a "national central city" [22]; at the end of 2021, Luoyang received support for the construction of a "provincial deputy central city" [23], which is an important national policy resource obtained by the province in recent years.

Henan has a certain foundation in hard science and technology, and some fields, such as superhard materials, have even made great achievements. However, from the perspective of the "factor market system" of land, capital, technology, talents and data, the future development of hard science and technology in Henan will face the following problems:

Call for more "sustainable innovation" Henan is trying to keep up with the new round of hard science and technology after 2020, but there is still more room for improvement in terms of "sustainable innovation".

In the field of superhard materials, Henan's nurturing diamonds are mainly high temperature and high pressure method (HPHT), more for the jewelry luxury market, while the semiconductors of diamond developed by various countries need to use chemical vapor deposition (CVD) to prepare diamond films, which is a technical route that Europe, the United States and India are better at. Domestic CVD technology route manufacturers are mainly in Hangzhou (Hangzhou Chaoshou), Shanghai (Shanghai Zhengshi) [24]. It should be pointed out that HPHT is not completely useless in the manufacture of diamond semiconductors, and the diamond single crystal prepared by this method is the main substrate source of CVD synthesis [25]. Since 2021, the Yellow River whirlwind has also begun to build a CVD diamond production line, and has become a key construction project in the province for two consecutive years. It is worth paying attention to whether it can win a place in the diamond semiconductor competition in the future.

In the field of new chemical materials, the "Nylon City" built by Henan Pingdingshan and Shenma Chemical Co., Ltd. and the "special nylon town" built by Hebi are all nylon 6 and nylon 66 and their related special fabrics, while the patents and main production capacity of nylon 11 (PA11) used in automotive, electronic and electrical appliances, aerospace and other fields are still in the hands of French Arkema, and the domestic market still depends on imports. Nylon 12 (PA12) at present, only Wanhua Chemical in China has broken through the relevant manufacturing technology.

In the field of biomedicine, the overall scale of the province's biomedical industry ranks firmly among the top five in the country. Hualan Vaccine, owned by Hualan Biology (located in Xinxiang), is the largest influenza vaccine production base in the country, and is developing its own mRNA influenza vaccine [26]. With influenza vaccine manufacturer Changchun Baike announcing the acquisition of mRNA vaccine developers and distributors, the integration of mRNA vaccines may begin, when the Biotech industry represented by mRNA is in the doldrums. Bold bottoming may be a better choice than self-research. Zhumadian has one of the largest API bases in the country.

Among the important bio-economic projects in Henan in 2023, many projects have launched the projects of API and pharmaceutical intermediates. The API industry has the polarization characteristics of "easy to monopolize and easy to be at the bottom of the industrial chain". In most cases, API and pharmaceutical intermediates at the bottom of the industrial chain are faced with fierce competition in the industry, low profit margins, obvious patent threshold and other problems. in addition, the theme of environmental protection is also a long-term challenge for the whole industry.

Generally speaking, Henan biomedical industry wins by medical devices and raw materials in quantity, and there are some problems, such as low degree of development of overall agglomeration, weak innovation ability, insufficient supply of key common technologies, lack of high-end talent team and so on. [27]

The regional characteristics and mapping of Henan biomedical industry? fruit shell hard science and technology has made certain achievements in the field of automobiles, upstream components and power batteries, especially in terms of power batteries, Luoyang has obvious advantages in addition to AVIC lithium electricity and the introduction of Ningde era. However, similar to the smartphone parts supply and assembly industry, Henan has a large-scale new energy vehicle project, except for its own Yutong bus, most other vehicle production capacity basically depends entirely on industrial spillovers and transfers (such as SAIC, BYD and Geely) in East and South China, and local incentives for self-owned brands are limited.

In the field of agricultural science and technology, Henan has many seed enterprises, small scale and lack of leading seed enterprises, which need to be integrated. In September 2022, Henan seed Industry Group Co., Ltd. appeared on the official website of Henan State-owned assets Supervision and Administration Commission for the first time, becoming the 28th provincial management enterprise under Henan State-owned assets Supervision and Administration Commission. In June this year, Henan seed Industry Group Co., Ltd. officially completed industrial and commercial registration [28]. According to the Henan Provincial Development and Reform Commission, 24.9 billion yuan will be invested in projects such as seed industry, Central Plains Agricultural Valley and high-standard farmland in 2023. Next, the follow-up capital integration and breeding progress of Henan seed industry should be paid attention to.

Industrial investment model needs to be iterated at the beginning of 2023, the political Research Office of Luoyang Municipal CPC Committee published an article entitled "the Enlightenment of AVIC Lithium Power Reform and Development experience to the Development of" tuyere "Industry in Luoyang [29], which triggered a large number of retweets and interpretations.

It is not yet possible to test whether the localities in Luoyang are "in a hurry" because of the departure of AVIC Lithium Electric headquarters, but the article points out in the section of "work suggestions" that the local "tuyere" industry still has not been studied deeply and thoroughly. The concept of using market-oriented thinking and capital operation means to promote industrial development has not been firmly established. "relying more on traditional means such as administrative orders and subsidy funds in promoting project construction and guiding industrial development" is a reflection on the mode of industrial investment, which is worth discussing-- if we examine the changes of industrial investment in Henan in the past few years, we will find that this is not the disadvantage of Luoyang.

The notice of Henan Province on attracting Investment and undertaking Industrial transfer Plan during the 14th five-year Plan points out that in terms of attracting investment and undertaking industrial transfer, there are insufficient ideological emancipation in some places, lack of innovation courage and courage to be the first in the world, lack of vitality, and the actual utilization of foreign capital and capital outside the province are not as fast as Anhui and Sichuan. Some localities still use old methods such as resources and policies to attract investment, which do not adapt to the current new situation, new changes and other problems [30]. In the field of hard-tech venture capital, Henan may face more than these problems.

First of all, the investment in Yuchuang is not active enough.

According to the China Securities Investment Fund Industry Association, as of June 30 this year, there were 115 private equity and venture capital fund managers registered in Henan (of which 9 had no funds under management), managing a total of 317 funds, ranking 18th in the country. At the same time, the scale of venture capital funds registered in Henan is generally small, with half of the funds registered less than 10 million.

Comparison of the number of registered private equity and venture capital funds in some provinces, municipalities directly under the Central Government and autonomous regions in China, data source: China Securities Investment Fund Industry Association (data as of June 30, 2023), mapping, private capital with strong desire for survival of hard science and technology, not only have high enthusiasm in digging new projects, but also pay attention to creating investment portfolio industrial ecology, there are cross-regional advantages, private capital activity is not enough. It is an ecological disadvantage of Henan hard science and technology capital.

The original is not enough, only the introduction. At the end of 2021, Henan Province issued the "implementation Plan for Henan Province to promote the High-quality Development of Angel Venture Capital funds". The plan is to attract 100 outstanding investment institutions at home and abroad to settle in Henan within 5 years, and by the end of the 14th five-year Plan, the total scale of private equity and venture capital funds exceeded 300 billion yuan [31]. As for the actual effect, it will take time.

Secondly, the pattern of local industrial guidance funds has changed greatly.

In July 2015, the National Development and Reform Commission approved Henan Investment Group to prepare PPP development investment fund with a total size of 100 billion yuan, which was also the first 100 billion-level PPP fund approved in the country at that time. Henan Investment Group also invested in successful projects such as Xiaopeng Automobile and medium and Micro Semiconductors. At the beginning of 2022, Henan established a new industry guidance fund of 150 billion yuan and a venture capital guidance fund of 15 billion yuan, and jointly funded and established a provincial science and technology R & D plan joint fund with cities and counties, universities and scientific research institutes [33]. In August 2022, Henan also launched the largest local seed industry fund in China so far, with a total size of 3 billion yuan, which is also the largest provincial seed industry fund in China in recent years.

Financial data from Rongzhong show that by the end of 2022, 72 government-guided funds have been registered in Henan, with a total size of 306.313 billion yuan, higher than those in Anhui and Hubei. [34]

Although Henan also launched one billion and ten billion industrial guidance funds this year, Henan also launched the largest local seed industry fund so far in August 2022, but the situation changed sharply in 2023: Anhui, Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Chongqing and other provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the Central Government, as well as Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Xi'an, Wenzhou and other cities Have taken the lead in the establishment of hundreds of billions, 200 billion and even 300 billion-scale industrial guidance fund groups, so that venture capital circles frequently appear "GP all over the country go to a city for meetings" situation.

The industry media called the newly emerged 100 billion-level industrial guidance fund group this year as the "fund matrix" [36], and the mode of operation is also moving towards a more market-oriented and investment-oriented "guiding fund version 3.0": the proportion of government investment is much more than 10%, 30%, or even 50%; the proportion of return investment to GP is starting to be less than 1.5 times, and 1 time return investment can be seen everywhere. These funds are mainly invested in strategic emerging industries, encouraging "early investment, small investment, and technology investment" [37]. Hangzhou funds set up "science and technology innovation funds", "innovation funds" and "M & A funds" to serve industrial companies at different stages of development, trying to achieve "whole-process companionship".

Henan local media quoted people in the industry as saying that the problems of Henan's local fund industry are mainly focused on "operating environment, decision-making mechanism and talent team construction."... Henan state-owned fund institutions generally have inflexible management system and mechanism and imperfect investment fault-tolerant system. Henan funds still need to be improved in the aspects of "taking good care of local good projects and guiding more fund capital to help the industrial development of the province." [35]

Under this situation, the Henan Provincial Department of Finance issued the measures for the Management of Henan Provincial Government Investment funds on April 11 this year: abolishing the restriction that the duration of government investment funds does not exceed 7 years; directly reducing the proportion of return investment to 100%; abolishing the previous restriction that GP must be "state-owned" and "Henan enterprises" [38]. Among them, the proportion of return investment is as low as 100%, which means that the financial self-sufficiency rate hovers around 40% all the year round. Henan has also joined the brutal GP snatch battle. Bravery, the pressure is not small.

The financial self-sufficiency rate of Henan has changed in recent years, and the third is the hard technology of fruit shell, and the investment preference needs to be turned.

On the one hand, it is necessary to explore and establish an investment style in line with provincial conditions as soon as possible. The main source of funds for investing in Henan hard science and technology projects is still the official, but the characteristics of hard technology "high investment, high risk, high return and long cycle" are remarkable, which is not only a challenge to the traditional VC in pursuit of rapid growth, but also limited acceptance to many local industrial funds, which can not be introduced as the "Hefei model". To achieve the "introduction of team-state-funded leadership-project landing-equity exit-circular development" model, but not like Shenzhen, "bottom rescue, precise introduction" [39].

As mentioned earlier, there are many excellent stock projects in Henan hard science and technology. According to the actual situation, the local need to explore the venture capital model suitable for the provincial situation, and intervene, cultivate and strengthen local hard technology enterprises with original research ability.

On the other hand, it may be the norm to grab projects across provinces. Although the proportion of industrial guidance funds in various places is decreasing, not every city has the original scientific research strength. while investing in local hard-tech enterprises, it is inevitable to compete for projects across regions, and the original innovation of hard science and technology in some places is not enough. we should not only grab the landing of foreign projects across regions, but also avoid the departure of few local innovative enterprises, otherwise, such as the incident of lithium battery of Luoyang Airlines running away from Jintan District of Changzhou. I'm afraid it's normal.

With the intensification of market-oriented VC reshuffle, local governments should set aside appropriate space to open more opportunities for market-oriented V, incubate excellent enterprises and retain local scientific and technological enterprises at the same time.

The effectiveness of cross-regional cooperation should be reassessed. Henan has the advantage of land transportation. It is the core area of many cross-regional economic belts, such as the Yellow River Golden Triangle of Shanxi, Henan and Shaanxi (1986), the rise of Central China (2004), the Central Plains Economic Zone (2012), the Zhengluoxi Economic Belt (2020), the Yellow River Economic Belt (2020) and so on. These economic regions have historical origins and regional overlaps.

The study points out that the effects of economic cooperation in the border areas are different, and in cross-regional cooperation, the combination of economic strength will produce different cooperation effects. generally speaking, the combination of strong and weak > the combination of weak and weak [40] may inspire the selection of objects for cross-regional cooperation in the development of hard science and technology. Because of the limited space, we will not expand in detail here.

Henan hard Science and Technology weakness: higher Education "invites the Ministry of Science and Technology to continue to deepen cooperation between provinces and ministries and give more guidance and help on Henan's construction of a national innovation highland."

"I urge the Ministry of Education to give more guidance and help in the construction of" double first-class "construction, the optimization and adjustment of the layout of higher education, and the innovative development of vocational education."

"the Chinese Academy of Engineering is earnestly requested to provide intelligence and talent support in major strategic consultation, major decision-making and project demonstration, top talent training, first-class innovation and ecological building, etc." [41]

In November 2021, the "three petitions" of the leading collective of Henan Province went to Beijing, which temporarily aroused public sorrow. For Henan students, Henan had no 985 colleges and universities, "hell mode" college entrance examination, and had missed the settlement of the Chinese University of Science and Technology in Nanyang. Any topic is unsettling, and it is enough to become a reason for young people to "flee Henan".

"the obscurity of the ancient world movement and the rise and fall of talents lies in politics and learning in it." The scarcity of higher education resources in the province has not only become the biggest obstacle to the rise of ordinary Henan people, but also the lifeblood of Henan's development of hard science and technology.

The Henan Social Development report (2023) of Henan Academy of Social Sciences points out that Henan higher education "has been in a very weak position since the adjustment of colleges and departments in the 1950s. Since the reform and opening up, we have not been able to catch up with a series of opportunities for the great development of national higher education, resulting in the scarcity of high-quality higher education resources in Henan. It is not only difficult to attract good talents, but also caused the outflow of talents in the province. This further leads to the decline of the attractiveness of colleges and universities and the shortage of talents, which makes it difficult for the rapid growth of universities. " [42]

In fact, the strange circle faced by the development of higher education in Henan is obviously similar to the predicament faced by the local people: the dislocation between the resources and population size of higher education in Henan is serious. in the past few decades, Henan is constantly turning in the vicious circle of "education-talent-economy": there is no high-quality top university, which leads to the lack of competitiveness of cultivating talents in the whole country. It further leads to fierce competition among students in the province for limited higher education resources, but because of concerns about the educational environment and quality of future generations, outstanding talents are unwilling to settle down in Henan and develop for a long time.

Historical experience shows that, on the original basis, the practice of supporting Zhengzhou University and Henan University, the leading universities in the province, has been completely unable to meet the needs of this round of local hard science and technology competitions. Therefore, in addition to speeding up the construction of superior disciplines in nine universities in the province, starting from 2023, Henan began to "make up lessons" with the help of external forces.

Henan has invested about 96 billion yuan to build the "Zhengzhou Research Institute of first-class Universities". According to officials, it will focus on introducing research institutes of 511 universities and research institutes of the Provincial Academy of Sciences, of which the Zhengzhou Research Institute of Harbin University of Technology has been put into use this year. Wuhan University, Shanghai Jiaotong University and Beijing Institute of Technology have clearly established Zhengzhou Research Institute [43]. In addition, Henan also plans to introduce 3 to 5 influential high-level talents around the world every year. By 2025, the proportion of the province's science and technology universities will reach more than 60%, becoming the province's "innovation driver and talent incubator" for high-quality development. [44]

However, it is still a long-term problem that how to improve the educational environment of ordinary people so that potential young scientific research talents can be retained without worries. Henan still needs to make up for the old debts of education for a long time, and this process is undoubtedly of great significance to the development of hard science and technology.

A ticket to the future Chen Qizong, chairman of Hang Lung Real Estate, concluded in his "letter to shareholders" in the 2022 annual report:

"hundreds of years ago, the prosperity of a country depended on the possession of land and natural resources, as well as a large population, and food production and mining were important pillars. Since the industrial revolution, these traditional assets have been gradually surpassed by knowledge, especially science and engineering. And organizational capacity, the production of industrial products has become crucial. Over the past few decades, there has been another change. Advanced basic science, high technology (mainly developed by top universities) and abundant funding are the key to leading the world economy. " [45]

This paragraph also applies to local competition. From more than 2000 years to the modern farming era, Henan has always been the central area of China's political and economic civilization by relying on land and natural resources, but the world driven by the industrial revolution, the information revolution and hard science and technology has changed the world.

Two decades after the 21st century, Henan is still the granary of the Chinese people, and has begun to further "contract the dining table of the Chinese people." but the people of Henan still do not get the respect they deserve. In the era of hard science and technology competition promoted by top universities, this is a ticket to the future. Henan needs to hold on tight.

Bless Henan and the people of Henan.

References:

[1] Bureau of Statistics of Henan Province: statistical Bulletin of National Economic and Social Development of Henan Province https://tjj.henan.gov.cn/ 2023 Universe 03-22/2711851.html

[2] key projects Office of Henan Provincial Development and Reform Commission: circular on issuing the list of key Construction projects in Henan Province in 2023 https://fgw.henan.gov.cn/ 2023 Universe 03-03/2700606.html

[3] key Project Office of Henan Provincial Development and Reform Commission: in 2023, key construction projects in Henan Province have these characteristics https://fgw.henan.gov.cn/ 2023gam03-03/2700624.html

Chen Xiaofei, Han Tengteng, Zhao Ziyu, etc. The Coupling Mechanism of MNCs' Local embedding and Regional Development Strategy from the Perspective of Labor Force-- A case study of Foxconn Investment in Zhengzhou [J]. Geographic Studies, 2021 and 40 (12): 3483-3496.

[5] thepaper.cn: Foxconn wants to create a "new Foxconn" in Henan! The new business headquarters was unveiled in Zhengzhou, which signals https://www.thepaper.cn/ newsDetail_forward_22847103 to release.

[6] the website of the people's Government of Henan Province: "the first aircraft in China" re-creates "the highest in the world" 10m intelligent hydraulic support is delivered in the original digital plant of Zhengzhou Coal Machinery to https://www.henan.gov.cn/ 2023and06-14/2760727.html.

[7] Circular of the people's Government of Henan Province on Printing and issuing the Modern Energy system and carbon Neutralization Plan of Henan Province during the 14th five-year Plan (https://www.henan.gov.cn/ 2022) 02-22/2402738.html

[8] Circular of the General Office of the Shandong Provincial people's Government on issuing the medium-and long-term Development Plan of Shandong hydrogen Energy Industry (2020-2030) http://www.shandong.gov.cn/ art / 2020-6-24 / art_107851_107610.html

[9] Circular of the General Office of Henan Provincial people's Government on issuing the medium-and long-term Plan for the Development of hydrogen Energy Industry in Henan Province (2022-2035) and the work Plan for the Planning and Construction of Zheng Bianluo Pu hydrogen Corridor https://www.henan.gov.cn/ 2022 09-06/2602465.html

[10] the "Star Sea" of a lump of coal-- the birth of the most complete coal-based nylon new material industry chain in Pingdingshan https://pds.gov.cn/ contents / 7/153974.html

[11] notice of the Office of Jiaozuo Municipal people's Government on issuing the Modern Energy system and carbon Neutralization Plan of Jiaozuo during the 14th five-year Plan of http://fgw.jiaozuo.gov.cn/ jzfgw / detail / 20230407094235000001

[12] notice http://www.puyang.gov.cn/shownews.asp?id=1000005053 of Puyang Municipal people's Government Office on issuing the Development Plan of Puyang hydrogen Energy Industry (2022-2025)

[13] first Finance and Economics: youth Automobile officially went bankrupt, and the head, Pang Qingqing, was listed as https://www.yicai.com/ news / 100406348.html for more than 20 times.

[14] Hubei Provincial Bureau of Statistics: Hubei Provincial Statistical Bulletin of National Economic and Social Development http://tjj.hubei.gov.cn/ tjsj / tjgb / ndtjgb / qstjgb / 202303 / t20230316_4587528.shtml

[15] Bureau of Statistics of Anhui Province: statistical Bulletin of National Economic and Social Development of Anhui Province in 2022 http://tjj.ah.gov.cn/ ssah / qwfbjd / tjgb / sjtjgb / 147903181.html

[16] guidance of the General Office of the people's Government of Henan Province on further accelerating the Development of New Energy vehicle Industry https://www.henan.gov.cn/ 2022 05-19/2451587.html

[17] 2022 work report of Henan Provincial Government https://www.henan.gov.cn/ 2022swap 01-11/2380655.html

[18] Dahe Network: the acceleration of automobile industry in our province SAIC Group Zhengzhou base has an annual production capacity of 600000 vehicles https://news.dahe.cn/ 2022 Universe 08-12/1077061.html

[19] Henan release: industry giants have fallen one after another Central Plains Henan automobile industry ushered in a new opportunity to change lanes and lead https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/wHJNrNXUFl6_kb76wfQQrw

[20] Circular of the people's Government of Henan Province on Printing and issuing the "14th five-year Plan" of Henan Province to deepen Regional Cooperation and integrate the Major Strategic Plan of the country into docking https://www.henan.gov.cn/ 2022 02-16/2399839.html

[21] Jinshui Road observation: the rise of Henan Automobile Industry Dream: speeding up the Construction of an important National Automobile R & D and production Base https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/B59NtRWGNmSkqM_JNjnHPw

[22] reply of the National Development and Reform Commission on supporting Zhengzhou in building a national central city https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/ xwdt / ztzl / xxczhjs / ghzc / 201701 / t20170125_972047.html

[23] https://www.ndrc.gov.cn/ xxgk / zcfb / ghwb / 202111 / t20211126_1305254.html of the Revitalization and Development Plan for Special types of areas during the 14th five-year Plan

[24] Ping an Securities: mature technology + market recognition, nurturing diamonds ushered in the outbreak of https://dfscdn.dfcfw.com/ download / A2 diamond cmsfolk 20211020111259112819 ampfield directorials 1 century abc6727.pdf

[25] Fruit shell hard technology: can diamond hold the chip, https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/nI2x2fQD6X6U65S4RHdRzQ?

[26] Hualan Biological Vaccine Co., Ltd. 2022 Annual report http://static.cninfo.com.cn/ finalpage / 2023-03-30/1216256823.PDF

[27] how much is the gap between Henan pharmaceutical industry and developed provinces? Https://shimo.im/ docs / aBAYMKwGnySQ9pAj

[28] Henan Business Daily: registered capital 500 million yuan Henan seed Group renamed completed http://newpaper.dahe.cn/ hnsb / html / 2023-06 Universe 08 / content_648803.htm

[29] the original link can no longer be found. Reprint link to Henan Daily Luoyang News: the Enlightenment of AVIC Lithium Power Reform and Development experience to the Development of "tuyere" Industry in Luoyang https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/F9c2jJpVaxNOL651lgXMLQ

[30] Circular of the people's Government of Henan Province on issuing and issuing the Plan of attracting Investment and undertaking Industrial transfer in the 14th five-year Plan of Henan Province https://www.henan.gov.cn/ 2022 01-13/2382416.html

[31] notice of the General Office of the people's Government of Henan Province on Printing and issuing the implementation Plan of Henan Province to promote the High-quality Development of Angel Venture Capital Fund the Government guidance Fund for Digital economy and Biomedical New Materials of Henan Province https://www.henan.gov.cn/ 2021 12-30/2374903.html

[32] Henan Daily Network: Henan joined hands with CICC in charge of the 100 billion Development Fund, focusing on supporting https://www.henandaily.cn/ content / fzhan / jryb / 2017/0602/48345.html in equipment manufacturing, energy saving and environmental protection and other industries in our province.

[33] set up a 150 billion yuan investment guidance fund for emerging industries! Henan spares no effort to support scientific and technological innovation https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/VPqd4qUnwxO_Tdo4al1KQA

[34] [Rong Zhong report] 2022 China Fund Industry Development Blue Book https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/0TCPgizQf6tYbSWTvBMKDQ

[35] Dahe Financial Cube: struggling to catch up, Henan Industrial Fund has a long way to go for the development of https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/cEwqsC1csahybCg0YLFMzw

[36] China Securities News: hundreds of billions of parent funds surge in local investment to market-oriented https://www.cs.com.cn/ tzjj / jjdt / 202305 / t20230526_6346615.html

[37] the government guides the fund into the hundreds of billions of https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/I6ZRehYKNSNSoNPA2lTjkg era

[37] Circular of the Department of Finance of Henan Province on issuing the measures for the Administration of Investment funds of Henan Provincial Government https://czt.henan.gov.cn/ 2023 Universe 04-11/2723158.html

[39] "Hefei Model" and "Shenzhen Model" https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/hMbzV3n-_mimYL_Z9vR6sA

[40] Liu Yuting, Zhang Jiekui. Discussion on the development model of adjacent areas among provinces [J]. Geography and Land Studies, 1999, (004): 45-49.

[41] Elephant News: for the sake of higher education in Henan, the main leader of the province "thousands of miles north" went to Beijing to https://www.hntv.tv/ yc / article / 1Accord 1464500599432810498

[42] Henan Social Development report (2023) ②: the current situation, problems and Countermeasures of promoting the High-quality Development of higher Education in Henan Province https://theory.dahe.cn/ 2023 Universe 01-10/1166062.html

[43] 96 billion yuan! Central Plains Science and Technology City starts to build "Zhengzhou Research Institute of first-class University" https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/hVrtN0_ymF68_Oi5SA2O1A

[44] implementation opinions of the General Office of the people's Government of Henan Province on improving the Scientific and technological Innovation capability of Colleges and Universities https://www.henan.gov.cn/ 2021 University11-25/2354635.html

[45] Hang Lung Real Estate Annual report "letter from Chairman to shareholder" https://www.hanglung.com/ HLPAnnualReport2022 / pdf / zh / hlp_chair_letter_c.pdf

This article comes from the official account of Wechat: fruit Shell hard Technology (ID:guokr233), author: Li Tuo

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