Shulou(Shulou.com)11/24 Report--

At about 9: 30 today, the long March 2 F Yao 16 carrier rocket carrying the Shenzhou 16 spacecraft was launched! Three astronauts Jing Haipeng, Zhu Yangzhu and Gui Haichao boarded the Shenzhou 16 spacecraft to the China Space Station.

Among the three astronauts, Jing Haipeng was the heroic astronaut on his fourth flight and was responsible for "flying the spaceship" during this mission. Zhu Yangzhu is a space flight engineer among the third batch of astronauts in our country, majoring in "repairing spaceships." and load expert Gui Haichao is a university professor, as if he was "riding a spaceship." of course, in actual work, they will cooperate with each other and complete the task together. They will stay on the space station for about five months.

Today is not only the day for the launch of the spaceship, but also the seventh "National Day for Scientific and technological Workers." University professor Gui Haichao soared into the sky in his own festival and became the tallest scientific and technological worker. How does a college professor who has never flown a plane fly into space? What will the three astronauts be doing at the space station?

01-"where is your mentor?" "he's in the sky." Of the three astronauts in heaven, only Jing Haipeng is a familiar old face, and only he was a top fighter pilot before he became an astronaut. Both Zhu Yangzhu and Gui Haichao were university teachers. Zhu Yangzhu has studied and taught in the military academy for a long time, and has developed a physical quality beyond that of ordinary people. In contrast, the experience of payload expert Gui Haichao when he was young was very different from that of astronauts: he went to college at the age of 19 and graduated as a doctor at the age of 28. After three years as a postdoctoral student, he returned to his alma mater to attend classes, do scientific research, and bring graduate students. He did not have any actual flight experience, but took the road of "upgrading and fighting monsters" in the academic circle step by step, and even he felt that the astronauts were "sacred and remote" to him.

Gui Haichao (front row, second from left) takes a group photo with laboratory master's degree graduates | Source: Beihang News Network until 2018, Gui Haichao applied and selected to become the third batch of astronauts in China, completing the transformation from university teacher to astronaut. As an expert in space dynamics and control, he joined the Shenzhou 16 flight crew.

The process of Guihai tide going into space is not easy. Space is equal to everyone, it will not take care of the old and the weak, it will only destroy the weak. So even if there is no relevant foundation at all, Gui Haichao and other load experts still have to undergo all the dazzling rigorous training. From centrifuges to swivel chairs, from control of spacecraft to troubleshooting, every astronaut has to pass all the training and assessment.

Gui Haichao is training | Source: China's manned spaceflight in the Guan Xuan flight crew, the most unusual is Gui Haichao's glasses. Is it possible for myopia to go into space now? How do you hold your glasses when wearing a spacesuit and a helmet?

Nearsightedness is a problem, but not the most important one. At the beginning of the space industry, our goal was to fly up and make sure we came back alive. the internal environment of the spacecraft was relatively bad, and the control of the motion state of the spacecraft was not absolutely accurate. At this time, the astronauts themselves are required to be as physically fit as possible, so that they will not be able to cope with them in adverse conditions and emergencies. Now, on the one hand, space engineering technology has made great progress. The working environment of Chinese astronauts has evolved from a seat on Shenzhou V to four segments of 100 cubic meters in the space station. The requirements of the environment on the physical quality of astronauts are no longer strict. On the other hand, space flight has gradually transitioned from previous challenges and exploration to current development and utilization, we need front-line researchers to use the space station platform for scientific research, and then use myopia as a rigid standard to select researchers is not appropriate. So low myopia is also allowed to go into space. But high myopia is so dangerous in space that even riding a roller coaster may have detached retinas, making it even less likely to withstand the huge acceleration of rocket launch, so it is still impossible to travel into space. So the 800-degree myopic editor can only sit in front of the computer and watch the launch, while children with space dreams still have to protect their eyes (after all, it's a little easier to protect their eyes than to be a university professor).

Astronaut Gui Haichao | Source: during the launch and landing phase of China's manned spaceflight, Gui Haichao needs to take off its glasses to prevent them from falling off and flying away; but when flying smoothly inside the space station, he can work normally with glasses on. As a payload expert, he does not have to go out of the cabin and does not have to wear a heavy spacesuit; in the space station module, he only needs to wear lightweight blue overalls. So how to hold the glasses? -- hold the frame of the mirror by hand and push it gently.

Like this 02, travel for so long, what on earth do you do? From Shenzhou 12 to Shenzhou 15, 12 astronauts worked on the relay in the sky for nearly two years, "tidying up" a core module and two experimental modules of the Chinese space station, announcing the full completion of the Chinese space station. This time when Shenzhou 16 was launched, the astronauts should not only continue to maintain the space station, but also carry out a series of scientific research and science popularization work. If we say that the previous tasks have completed the construction of residential buildings and completed the decoration, then this time the trio will clean up the dust, buy more furniture, and officially move in to start their lives.

There are many scientific research instruments in the Mengtian experimental module of the space station, and the astronauts of Shenzhou 16 will use them to carry out a series of scientific experiments. The earth is the most important laboratory for human beings, but sometimes it is not the most suitable one. The curvature of the earth and atmospheric scattering will interfere with the propagation of electromagnetic waves, the gravitational acceleration of 9.8m/s2 will mask many weak mechanical effects, and the contemporary earth will not be able to reproduce the environment of hundreds of millions of years ago. The space station can circumvent these shortcomings.

In orbit 400 kilometers high, astronauts inside the space station can work with their ground counterparts to explore novel quantum phenomena, such as verifying whether quantum entanglement can teleport; they can put seeds and cells outside the cabin to see what happens when they are exposed to cosmic rays, helping doctors conquer cancer as soon as possible, and even study whether the origin of life may come from substances produced by cosmic rays. They can also avoid the dense atmosphere, aim telescopes at the distant starry sky, and explore weak astronomical signals. They can even use the microgravity environment in space to further verify general relativity. The effects of general relativity are ruthlessly overshadowed by gravity on Earth, so it was initially verified through astronomical observations. Even five years ago, gravitational wave detection was achieved by laser interferometers with force arms up to thousands of meters long. In the microgravity environment of space, it is possible to verify general relativity in a smaller experimental device. However, we do not know the specific experimental scheme. Was it done independently at the Chinese space station? Or cooperate with the ground or even the International Space Station? What are the effects of general relativity? All these are worth waiting for.

Non-containerized material experimental cabinet | Source: in addition to scientific research, popular science is also an important task for three astronauts in the space station. ). Three space lectures have been held and will usher in the fourth season. Compared with the previous "acting" space teachers by professional astronauts, two of the flight crew are university teachers. Zhu Yangzhu studied light propagation in the flow field of aircraft during his doctorate. Gui Haichao is an expert in aerospace dynamics and control. will the two teachers bring any different teaching content in their professional fields? We don't have to wait too long for the answer.

Flying to the space station is not enjoyable, what should I do? It is shocking for university professors to fly into space, but after all, the distance of "business trip" is only 400 kilometers, less than half the distance from Beijing to Shanghai. Of course, China's space exploration of the stars and the sea is much more than that. The ancients asked the moon, "who is rootless" and Chang'e "who stays if you don't marry". We always have to set foot on the moon and ask for our ancestors. Just yesterday, the Office of the manned Program revealed that we would send Chinese astronauts to the moon by 2030. Before that, we will have new high-thrust rockets, long March 10, new manned spaceships and new launch sites. Now China's aerospace stars-- the "fat five" rocket, the Shenzhou spacecraft and the Wenchang launch site-- will change from Deep-Fried Chicken to outdated top stream and from "Britney Spears" to "Mrs. Niu" in just a few years. China Aerospace has always been true to its word. This time, we can still look forward to the trip to the moon seven years later.

In 2003, Yang Liwei went into space aboard Shenzhou V, becoming the first Chinese to fly into space; in 2023, Zhu Yangzhu and Gui Haichao of Shenzhou 16 went into space as China's first batch of space flight engineers and payload experts; seven years later, we are still ready to set foot on the moon. Over the past 20 years, China's aerospace has made a great leap forward.

In the past more than a thousand years, Wei Wu wielded a whip, and there was a legacy of Jieshi in the east. The bleak autumn wind has changed the world again.

This article comes from the official account of Wechat: Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ID:cas-iop), author: Tibetan idiot

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