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CTOnews.com, May 15 (Xinhua)-- using artificial intelligence (AI) models to analyze solar storm data, NASA researchers have developed an early warning system that can give Earth about 30 minutes of warning before solar storms have a potentially catastrophic impact on Earth.

Solar storm is a violent explosion on the surface of the sun, which ejects a large number of high-energy particles and plasma into space. These substances are slower than light, so when they approach the earth, they can be detected in advance by radio signals. The main harm of solar storms to the earth is to interfere with or damage power and communication facilities, such as a solar storm 35 years ago that caused a power outage in Quebec for several hours. If there were more extreme solar storms, such as Carrington more than 150 years ago, today's power and communications infrastructure would be greatly damaged.

Scientists have been paying attention to this problem, and there are many satellites observing the sun, which can be used to identify these solar storms. These satellites, including ACE, Wind, IMP-8 and Geotail, provide data to the NASA team.

It is not enough to know that a solar storm is coming, it is also necessary to know what impact it will have on the earth when it reaches the earth. As a result, the researchers also collected data from ground-based sites that were also affected by storms detected by satellites.

The scientists then began to train a deep learning model, which they named DAGGER, whose speed was most remarkable compared to existing prediction algorithms that tried to do the same thing. Researchers led by Vishal Upendran of the Indian Interuniversity Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics (Inter-University Center for Astronomy and Astrophysics) claim that the algorithm can predict the severity and direction of a solar storm event in less than a second and make a prediction every minute. Earlier algorithms took longer, almost to the point where there was no warning before solar storms hit Earth.

This solar storm warning system, which combines prediction speed and ability, makes DAGGER a major step forward in predicting and accurately dealing with the potential dangers of solar storms. CTOnews.com notes that the system has been released on open source platforms to collect large amounts of data before the sun reaches the peak of its 11-year solar cycle (expected in 2025). This gives utilities and communications companies several years to integrate DAGGER into their threat assessment systems to prepare for the worst solar storms.

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