Shulou(Shulou.com)11/24 Report--

This article is from the official Wechat account: Earth knowledge Bureau (ID:diqiuzhishiju), author: Andy, drawing: fruit / proofreading: Chao Qian / Editor: tuna

There are numerous geographical obstacles on the Chinese Internet, and the second largest economic province has contributed two well-known jokes, "Jiangsu in bulk" and "Huijing". The former means that the identity radius of various parts of Jiangsu should be refined to a smaller range of cities and counties, while the latter means that although Nanjing is the provincial capital, compared with the provincial capital, it is more liked by the people of Anhui outside the province.

From the perspective of geographical location and highway line

The relationship between Nanjing and Anhui is indeed closer, ▼.

Although the two jokes are jokes, they also fully reflect the side of the social and economic state of Jiangsu, putting aside the differences in history, culture and physical geography. Under the premise of overall high-level development in Jiangsu, the imbalance in regional development and the lack of priority of provincial capitals are outstanding problems. The first point requires Jiangsu Province to strengthen the overall planning, while the second point directly CUE Nanjing.

Nanjing also needs to be higher, stronger and more prominent!

With the acceleration of all kinds of resource factors, the anxious provincial capitals gather to the regional central cities, and the balanced development of small and medium-sized towns is increasingly replaced by the polarity of big cities.

The national central city has received more and more attention, and provincial capitals, as administrative centers, are also expected to become regional growth poles, radiation drives regional development, and the strategy of strengthening provincial capitals has increasingly become the consensus of provincial and regional development in the country. For example, Wuhan in Hubei, Chengdu in Sichuan, Hefei in Anhui and so on, are all beneficiaries of this strategy.

The process of urbanization in China can be seen from the urban strategy of each period.

The stage of separately listed cities, national central cities, urban agglomerations and metropolitan areas

All benefit a group of cities with different strategic significance to ▼.

On the other hand, an economically strong province like Jiangsu has been counted down in the first place in the provincial capital for many years in a row. The proportion of Nanjing's population and economic output in the province has remained low for many years, and Jinan, another provincial capital, is also a "southern brother".

Similar to Nanjing, there is a Qingdao buddy in Jinan who always steps on him.

However, Qingdao has no intention to compare with Jinan. Niu Hulu Qingdao has its own ideas.

Nanjing was even named "the function of the provincial capital city is not enough" during the first round of inspection and rectification of the 19th Central Committee at the end of 2018, and "improving the function of Nanjing provincial capital city and the primacy of the central city" was also included in the work report of the provincial government that year.

Just from last year's ranking, according to the familiar script, Nanjing still stays in the second-to-last embarrassing ranking.

Whether it is in the proportion of the economy of the whole province, or compared with the cities with the strongest economy in the province.

Nanjing and Jinan are really very backward ▼.

For economically strong provinces, this is actually a happy worry. Jiangsu and Shandong are both because the economic development of other cities in the province is also excellent, and the comparative advantages of provincial capitals are not outstanding. Just as in the ranking of economic output, Jinan is perennially behind Qingdao, while Nanjing has been under the shadow of Suzhou for many years.

It is not that the provincial capital is underdeveloped, but how can the brothers drive as high as possible.

Suzhou, with the strongest economy, is even an ordinary prefecture-level city.

Under the premise that the former site of a large ancient city was not allowed to be developed, Suzhou chose to build a city outside the city.

Suzhou is still ahead of Nanjing in the total GDP ranking in 2021. Suzhou ranks first in the province with 2.2718 trillion yuan, Nanjing 1.6355 trillion yuan second, Nanjing GDP is about 72% of Suzhou, while Wuxi 1.400324 trillion yuan and Nantong 1.102694 trillion yuan remain in the "trillion club", while Changzhou and Xuzhou reach a new level of 8000 billion yuan.

In 2011, Nanjing ranked 16th among the national cities in terms of economic output, while Jiangsu Province only ranked third, lower than Suzhou and Wuxi, with an economic priority of 12.64%. In 2021, Nanjing has become one of the top ten economic cities in China, but its economic priority has only increased by less than two points, to 14.06%.

Nanjing's economic performance has changed steadily towards ▼ in the past ten years.

In terms of population, Nanjing is also after Suzhou, with a resident population of 9.4234 million at the end of 2021 and 10.6257 million in Suzhou.

If you look at the longer time span, the economic priority of Nanjing has slightly improved, while the first degree of population has hardly changed. In 2011, Nanjing had a resident population of 8.1 million, accounting for 10.25% of the province's total population, accounting for 10.86% of the province's population 10 years later, with little change.

The low degree of population priority reflects the human resources in Jiangsu Province.

The fact that there is no aggregation effect in Nanjing.

Such a performance, in the strong Jiangsu 13 Taibao, it is naturally difficult to convince the public.

Cities of the same magnitude as Nanjing, whether it is Hangzhou, the old rival of the Yangtze River Delta, or Wuhan and Chengdu in the central and western regions, perform better than Nanjing in the first place. In the face of these competitors or as national central cities, Nanjing is difficult not to be anxious.

However, too much focus on the first degree is also biased, ignoring Nanjing's continuous progress in recent years and its comprehensive advantages as a provincial capital.

High achiever only caught up with her grades, but she was still high achiever.

Nanjing's leap forward in the total economic growth, Nanjing has made great progress.

From the intuitive ranking of the total economic output, Nanjing's position is constantly rising. In 2000, Nanjing GDP ranked No. 17 in 2021, Nanjing GDP ranked No. 10 in China. Behind this is the strong rise of Jiangsu and even the whole south.

The tilt of policy resources and the dual help of economic development

It has attracted a large number of inland people to participate in the construction of eastern cities, and Nanjing is also among them.

In the province, although the ranking has not changed, the gap between Nanjing and Suzhou continues to narrow.

At the beginning of reform and opening up, the GDP of Nanjing was slightly higher than that of Suzhou, which was due to the natural advantage of the administrative center in the era of planned economy. With the rise of the southern Jiangsu model and the deepening of opening up to the outside world, southern Jiangsu began a legendary rise, and Nanjing has been opened since then.

The rise of Suzhou and Wuxi is in fact the spillover of Shanghai's policy dividend.

(figure: wiki) ▼

In 1985, the total GDP of Nanjing had dropped to 87% of that of Suzhou, and the gap continued to widen. Suzhou's advantages in foreign investment and manufacturing were brought into full play. Wuxi, outside Suzhou, also surpassed Nanjing and ranked second in Jiangsu for a long time.

By 2008, the GDP of Nanjing had dropped to 54% of that of Suzhou, and a prefecture-level city in the province was almost twice as large as the provincial capital. Such an exaggerated comparison is really shameful.

But it was also in this year that the competition between Nanjing and Suzhou ushered in a turning point. Under the influence of the global financial crisis, exports have been hit hard, and the more mature Chinese economy has begun to bid farewell to its high dependence on exports.

Government-led investment in fixed assets has become an important engine of economic growth. The export-oriented manufacturing industry with simple processing is also facing industrial upgrading, the economy is more dependent on innovation-driven, and the role of scientific and educational resources is also more prominent.

The reserve of high-quality talents is the foundation for the future development of the city.

Under the new situation, Nanjing, as an administrative center and a comprehensive city of science, education, culture and health, can undoubtedly get more momentum and stamina. Since then, the economic growth rate of Nanjing has exceeded that of Suzhou all the year round, and the gap between the two has significantly narrowed. The total GDP of Nanjing is about 73.5% of Suzhou in 2020, and the gap has narrowed for three consecutive years.

In terms of per capita GDP, Nanjing counterattacked all the way to its peak. In 2000, the per capita GDP of Nanjing was only 16400 yuan, equivalent to only 68% of that of Guangzhou (23900) and 81% of Hangzhou (20100). In 2010, the proportion was 75% and 92%. In 2019, Nanjing has the highest per capita GDP among municipalities directly under the Central Government and provincial capitals.

With a population of less than 10 million, it is one of the top 10 GDP companies in China.

(photo: Wikipedia) ▼

In fact, apart from the total amount of GDP, Nanjing has already ranked among the top 10 in many key indicators, such as the number of colleges and universities, the number of listed companies, the total retail sales of consumer goods, and local and foreign currency deposits and loans of financial institutions. Nanjing's advantages are reflected in its strong comprehensive functional advantages. It is a veritable scientific, educational, cultural and financial center in Jiangsu Province, and in many aspects it is second only to Shanghai in East China.

The success of industrial upgrading and strategic industrial upgrading in metropolitan areas and the coordinated development of regions have jointly achieved the rapid development of Nanjing, and the industrial upgrading of Nanjing is also quite successful.

Twenty years ago, Nanjing was a city of heavy industry. During the 10th five-year Plan period (2001-2005), Nanjing's pillar industry was still "petrochemical, automotive, electronics, iron and steel" and other heavy chemical industries. The industrial output value accounted for 1% of the total industrial output value. The representative enterprises are Mei Steel, Nanjing Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., Nanhua and Jinling Petrochemical Co., Ltd.

A good foundation of heavy industry has paved the runway for economic take-off.

For example, Jinling Petrochemical, a leading enterprise, was founded in 1982. By 2019, it had produced more than 190 million tons of oil products, realized sales income of more than 12000 billion yuan, and paid more than 240 billion yuan in profits and taxes, providing a large number of jobs and making great contributions to the economic development of Nanjing.

Jinling Petrochemical, Yangzi Petrochemical and other oil refining giants as well as Nanhua and other enterprises are distributed along the north and south sides of the Yangtze River section of Nanjing, while more than 200 upstream and downstream enterprises form an industrial chain around it.

The wind and water of the river flow away with the years, and Dachang and the bridge are the footnotes of time.

Heavy chemical industry always has the disadvantage of heavy pollution and high energy consumption. with the need of industrial upgrading and stricter environmental protection policy in Nanjing, heavy chemical industry has become the object of "dislike". With the accelerated development of urbanization, the factories originally located in the suburbs are increasingly adjacent to the built areas, and even the phenomenon that urbanization construction and heavy chemical industry occupy space each other, and the factories adjacent to residential areas have a lot of security risks.

The relocation of urban heavy industry has become an important problem-breaking point for urban development. For example, Qixia District has launched a heavy fist rectification campaign for chemical enterprises since 2010, and hundreds of chemical enterprises, large and small, have been shut down with an iron fist, leaving room for the development of the new urban area.

Overlap between heavy industrial areas and residential areas

It's not a good thing for either.

In addition to the heavy chemical industry, Nanjing is also a traditional hub of the automotive and electronics industries. Nanjing Automobile Group produced the country's first light truck, Yuejin, in 1958, and then gave birth to joint venture brands Iveco, Fiat, and so on. until it was acquired as a steam company in 2007, and Panda Electronics was all the rage.

In the past, Nanjing was the four pillars of "petrochemical, automobile, electronics and iron and steel", but now it is the leading industrial system of "441".

The first "4" is four leading advanced manufacturing industries: new electronic information, green intelligent cars, high-end intelligent equipment, biomedicine and new materials for energy saving and environmental protection.

The second "4" is the four leading modern service industries: software and information services, financial and technology services, culture and travel health, modern logistics and high-end business.

The last "1" is to speed up the cultivation of a number of future industries such as artificial intelligence.

To meet the tide of industrial structure reform and vigorously develop the electronics industry in Nanjing

Some of them are the traditional advantages of Nanjing. For example, relying on Nanjing's existing vehicle factory resources, Nanjing is also handy for the development of new energy vehicles, with a business income of 85.215 billion yuan in 2020 and a total output of 74000 new energy vehicles, accounting for more than half of the province's total output and 5.4% of the country's total output.

The financial industry, which represents the service industry, is also the traditional advantage industry of Nanjing. As the provincial capital, it is naturally the financial center of the whole province. Among the listed companies in Nanjing, the financial listed companies are large, such as Nanjing Bank, Jiangsu Bank, Huatai Securities, Nanjing Securities and so on.

The integrated circuit industry is a new industry vigorously built in recent years. Nanjing's electronics industry and software industry have a strong foundation, but the integrated circuit industry is not prominent, long after Wuxi, Suzhou and Nantong. With the introduction of a number of key projects such as TSMC, Ziguang and American International, Nanjing has also begun to become an important chip that can not be ignored.

As of June 2021, 98 ▼ of A-share listed companies in Nanjing

Vertical industrial upgrading shapes the peak and level of the economy, while horizontal regional radiation determines the space and stamina of the economy. The vast area of Anhui has long been the economic hinterland and population export area of Nanjing. According to the China floating population Development report 2018 released by the National Health Commission, immigrants from three Anhui cities accounted for 33 per cent of Nanjing's inflow before the outbreak in Maanshan, Bozhou and Anqing. At this point, Huijing lives up to its name.

The main sources and proportion of floating population in Nanjing ▼

It is this close relationship that makes the inter-provincial co-construction of Nanjing metropolitan area recognized at the national level. In April last year, the Development Plan of Nanjing Metropolitan area was jointly issued by the governments of Jiangsu Province and Anhui Province after being approved by the state. The member cities of the metropolitan area are designated as Nanjing, Zhenjiang, Yangzhou, Huaian, Wuhu, Maanshan, Chuzhou and Xuancheng, and Jintan District and Liyang City, Changzhou, with a total area of 66000 square kilometers, absorbing four Anhui cities without accident.

Although Nanjing now has a huge economic advantage over any Anhui city, it has lost to Hefei in terms of population. Since 2020, the resident population of Hefei has exceeded that of Nanjing. From the sixth to the seventh, the population of Hefei has increased by 1.91 million, while that of Nanjing has increased by only 1.31 million.

With the sudden rise of Hefei as a dark horse, it seems that the two "Huijing" will inevitably face a comprehensive collision from population attraction to industrial development in the future.

The only inter-provincial metropolitan area in the country has occupied many urban areas of Anhui Province.

Nanjing and Hefei will compete for ▼ in the future.

References:

Work report of Nanjing Municipal people's Government in 1.2020 and 2021

two。 Research report on Guosheng Securities, Anxin Securities, Tianfeng Securities in Nanjing and Jiangsu

3. The most complete interpretation of the eight major industrial chains in Nanjing: 4. Https://www.sohu.com/ a / 4213141704198170

The 5.GDP gap has narrowed for three years in a row, and the total market capitalization of A shares is the first. Nanjing will replace Suzhou to become Jiangsu's "number one economic" 6. Https://caifuhao.eastmoney.com/ news / 20210412170517171111680

7. Why is the development of Nanjing always "almost meaningful"?

Https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/ERw3lAr_uRj-chrgq1M7WA

8. Nanjing, what industry is there in https://www.aisoutu.com/ a / 1536208

9. The provincial capital with the strongest per capita, you can't think of https://mp.weixin.qq.com/ s / rHA5xz0P4as0mLdHqOGqSQ

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