Shulou(Shulou.com)11/24 Report--

CTOnews.com, March 26, China manned Space Engineering Office openly solicited space breeding experiment carrying projects on the 23rd of this month. As long as enterprises, scientific research institutes, universities, and other enterprises with corresponding scientific research capabilities, especially the implementing units of breeding technology frontiers in the fields of agriculture, forest and grass industry, Chinese herbal medicine, and industrial microorganisms, can pass the "space breeding experiment" project, they can all have the opportunity to let "improved varieties fly into the sky."

According to the CCTV website, space breeding is a new crop breeding technology that uses the space environment to mutate crop seeds or test-tube plantlets to produce beneficial variation, and then select new varieties on the ground. The space environment has special factors such as high vacuum, microgravity and cosmic radiation, which can promote gene mutation of seeds and produce new traits. According to CTOnews.com, space breeding has the characteristics of many useful variations, large variation, fast stability, high yield, high quality, early maturity, strong disease resistance and so on. The mutation rate is 3-4 times higher than that of common mutation breeding, and the breeding cycle is about half shorter than that of cross breeding, from about 8 years to 4 years.

The selected seeds generally have two conditions: one is hereditary stability, the other is good comprehensive shape. The seed that can qualify for space travel can be called the "chosen seed".

According to statistics, the mutation rate of general seeds in space is only 0.05%, 0.5%, and there are many seeds that have not changed. Only the "lucky ones" who are hit by cosmic particles will be selected after returning to the ground. At the same time, because the gene mutation is non-directional, not all seeds are mutated in a good direction, so only those seeds that meet the requirements can remain. The selected seeds have to be screened and cultivated for many generations, and at the same time, they have to go through the tests of wind, insects and drought. Only those seeds that have passed these rigorous tests and have been approved by authoritative departments are truly qualified space seeds.

Since the Shenzhou-1 mission began to carry out space breeding experiments in 1999, China has carried out more than 3000 space breeding experiments for more than 400 domestic scientific research institutions and colleges and universities, and created more than 40,000 space mutagenic germplasm materials. more than 460 new varieties such as rice, wheat, corn, soybeans, cotton, oilseeds and vegetables have been bred, significantly improving crop yield and quality.

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