Shulou(Shulou.com)11/24 Report--

This article is from the official account of Wechat: Earth knowledge Bureau (ID:diqiuzhishiju).

The original title: "Beijing-Hong Kong high-speed railway, there is a big move!" "

Author: Luo GE

Drawing: crab roe fishing rice / proofread manuscript: gu Hanying / Editor: Luo Luo

On June 20, 2022, Beijing Fengtai Station was put into operation, which marks the real opening of the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway since the full line was opened on December 26, 2012, as well as the official opening of the starting station of the Beijing-Hong Kong high-speed railway.

Whether it is the Beijing-Hong Kong high-speed railway

It is also the fastest high-speed rail route between Beijing and Hong Kong.

(Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed rail + Guangzhou-Shenzhen-Hong Kong high-speed rail)

Their official starting point is ▼ of Beijing Fengtai Station.

Beijing Fengtai Station, as the new landmark of the capital Beijing, what happened in the past 127 years from "the earliest in Beijing" to "the largest in Asia"?

The new plaque of "hundred-year-old Station" (photo: Xingge) ▼

In 1888 (the 14th year of Guang Xu), Li Hongzhang, the then governor of Zhili, played on the Qing government and proposed the construction of the Jintong railway from Tianjin to Tongxian County (now Tongzhou District of Beijing) as a "road for coastal recruitment and transportation of weapons." however, it was not approved by the imperial court because of the opposition of some forces.

In April 1895 (the 21 year of Guang Xu), stimulated by the signing of the Treaty of Shimonoseki after its defeat in the Sino-Japanese War of 1895, the Qing government realized the strategic role of railways on the country and reconsidered Li Hongzhang's efforts to build the Jin-Tong Railway. and decided to move the end of the railway from Tongxian to Lugouqiao (Lugou Bridge) and finally eastward to Majiabao outside Youanmen in Beijing, known as the Jinlu Railway.

Majiabu Station is the predecessor of today's Beijing South Railway Station.

(photo: checkered) ▼

The reason why Jintong Railway was changed to Jinlu Railway was actually confirmed as early as 1888. At that time, the chief engineer of the Tangxu Railway, Jin Da, an Englishman, and his assistant Cox conducted the first survey of the section of the line from Tianjin to Beijing. The most convenient way from Tianjin to Beijing was to take the Langfang and Daxing line, but because the Nanyuan Royal hunting ground could not pass through, so he chose to make a detour to Fengtai.

Fengtai Station is located in ▼, southwest of the capital.

As the Qing government did not have the ability to build railways on its own at that time, Hu Yingyi, the supervisor of Jinlu Railway, borrowed 400000 pounds from Britain, which set a precedent for borrowing foreign debts to build railways. Jinda was also hired as the chief engineer of Jinlu Railway and built the Jinlu Railway into the earliest double-track railway in China.

Jinlu Railway is actually the "Beijing-Tianjin Railway".

Later, it gradually evolved into part of the Jingfeng (Jingshan) railway.

At present, most of them are ▼ of Beijing-Tianjin section of Beijing-Shanghai Railway.

At that time, the construction of the whole line of Jinlu Railway started, and the station was built at Fengtai at the end of the year.

However, the construction of Fengtai Station was not an easy task, because at that time, the Fengtai area relied on the Yongding River, coupled with the soft loess soil, which was basically in a state of wetlands, which could be described as "three shovels to get out of the water."

In the relevant area, only there is a more suitable open space on the east side of Kandan Village, so Jinda decided to set up a railway station here, but due to wetland geology, it still takes a year to solve the problem of land settlement before Fengtai Railway Station can be built.

After its completion, it became the earliest railway station in Beijing today.

At the same time of the construction of the Jinlu Railway, the Qing government also decided to build the Luhan Railway, and the project of connecting Fengtai Station to the Luhan Railway in 1897 was basically completed.

Fengtai Station suffered some damage at the turn of the 19th century, but this did not affect its follow-up development. In 1906, Luhan Railway was officially put into operation, and it was named Beijing-Han Railway.

Beijing-Han Railway is the predecessor of today's Beijing-Guangzhou Railway ▼.

In the same period of the construction of the Luhan Railway, the Jingzhang Railway, which was served as the chief engineer by Zhan Tianyou, was also officially built, and the Fengtai Station (Liucun) was completed and opened to traffic in 1909. At this point, Fengtai Station has become the intersection and connecting station of the three railway lines, bearing the dual responsibility of passenger and freight transport.

Jingzhang Railway is an integral part of today's Jingbao Railway ▼

In the period of the Republic of China, Fengtai Station, as the transit station of the three trunk lines, became one of the largest marshalling yards in North China, and its unique position made it participate in many historical events in the period of the Republic of China.

After the founding of New China, as an important gateway to the capital, Fengtai Station, located on the south side of Zhengyang Street, is still an important transportation hub in North China. It has been approved as a special-class station, offering passenger and freight transport, train formation technical operations and other services.

The Fengtai Station that was later used

It is not the "original" of the Qing Dynasty (photo: Xu Fangchen) ▼

With the progress of the times and the rapid development of urban construction and railway in the capital, this railway station, which was once very important in historical significance and geographical location, is difficult to be used because of various constraints, and has entered a bottleneck period of development. the related business undertaken by the station has been handed over to Beijing West Railway Station, Fengtai West Railway Station and other stations.

Fengtai Station is about to withdraw from history.

(horizontal screen view, photo: Xu Fangchen) ▼

At the same time, as the most important transportation hub in southwest Beijing, the capacity of Beijing West Railway Station is becoming more and more saturated, so it is difficult to meet the needs of the introduction of new lines in the future.

On June 20, 2010, 115 years after the establishment of the station, Fengtai Station announced the suspension of passenger transport, luggage consignment and other services.

Fengtai Station has gradually become a thing of the past (photo: Xu Fangchen) ▼

During the same period, the idea of transforming this century-old station into a modern comprehensive transportation hub and readjusting and improving the layout of transport capacity in southwest Beijing is slowly being carried out.

In the future, goodbye will not be "Fengtai Station".

(photo: Xu Fangchen) ▼

Eight years after Beijing Fengtai Station stopped passenger transport business, the reconstruction project of Fengtai Station officially started construction on August 16, 2018. The main structure of the station is mainly steel structure, with concrete frame and steel frame structure in part. The station house of the old Fengtai station is protected in situ, storing history and memories. The new station is not superimposed on the old station building, but about one kilometer east of the old Fengtai station, which is the eastern cargo yard of the original Fengtai station.

It is not easy to construct in the complex areas distributed on the existing lines.

(horizontal screen view, photo: Xu Fangchen) ▼

After four years of transformation and expansion, Fengtai Station was finally named Beijing Fengtai Station. It is located between the third Ring Road and the fourth Ring Road in the southwest of Beijing, with a construction area of about 400000 square meters (twice the construction area of the Imperial Palace).

The design scale of the station is 17 platforms and 32 lines. it is the first super-large station with overlapping design of high-speed rail and general railway double-layer three-dimensional depots in China, and it is the largest (building area standard) railway hub passenger station in Asia.

The newly built Beijing Fengtai Station has good daylighting (photo: grid) ▼

Viewed from high altitude, the Beijing Fengtai Station in the shape of "medium" connects many major channels, such as the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway, the Beijing-Shanghai railway and the Beijing-Kowloon railway. The station uses a flat roof with colonnade architecture, 4 floors above ground and 3 floors underground.

The middle floor of the station building is the drop-off floor, the lower floor runs high-speed trains, and the upper elevated yard runs high-speed trains. The overlapping arrangement of the double-deck depot combines the streamline way of entering and leaving the general speed field and the way of leaving the station at the end of the viaduct to form a two-field streamline system that does not interfere with each other.

One of the "Asian giants".

The scale of the ground general speed yard is 11 sets of 20 lines, which handles the departure and arrival of general speed passenger trains on Beijing-Guangzhou line, Fengsha line, Beijing-original line, Beijing-Shanghai line and Beijing-Kowloon line.

Handle the general speed train of Beijing-Kowloon Railway and Fengsha Railway (photo: box) ▼

The elevated high-speed yard consists of 6 sets of 12 lines, which handle the departure and arrival of passenger trains on the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway and the Beijing-Hong Kong high-speed railway (to be built in the Beijing-Hong Kong yard).

Handle the ▼ of the EMU train of Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway (photo: China Railway)

Under the ground floor of Beijing Fengtai Station, you can transfer to Beijing Metro Line 10 and Line 16, realizing the convenient transfer of railway, subway, municipal and public transportation.

Beijing Fengtai Station, as a large-scale three-dimensional integrated transportation hub integrating high-speed railway, general-speed railway, urban public transportation and rail transit, has formed a comprehensive three-dimensional traffic mode with the unique layout of "top-level high-speed railway, ground general railway and underground subway".

Beijing Fengtai Station adopts the design concept of "building a platform and building a city" (picture: grid) ▼

The opening and operation of Beijing Fengtai Station relieves the pressure on existing stations such as Beijing Railway Station and Beijing West Railway Station, undertakes the start and end operation of the relevant high-speed railway, general railway and Beijing suburban railway, connects with major stations in Beijing, and integrates into the Beijing railway hub.

At the same time, it also marks the optimization and adjustment of the functions of the main passenger stations in Beijing, and plays an important role in improving the traffic network in the central urban area of Beijing and ensuring the efficiency of collection and distribution. In addition, the opening of Beijing Fengtai Station also provides a guarantee for the realization of double-line operation in the initial section of Jingxiong city.

General speed at the beginning of the opening of Beijing Fengtai Station

Mainly deal with the direction of Beijing-Kowloon Railway and Jingyuan Railway.

And part of the Beijing hub transit train passenger transport service (picture: grid) ▼

On the same day that Beijing Fengtai Station and Beijing-Guangzhou High-speed Railway opened at Beijing Fengtai Station, the Beijing-Wuhan section of Beijing-Guangzhou High-speed Railway, which has been in operation for ten years, has realized the normal operation at a high speed of 350 kilometers per hour.

On the Jingwu section of the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway

Emus trains operating at 350km / h (photo: grid) ▼

Since the completion of the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway on December 26, 2012, the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway has always been the Beijing West Railway Station, which makes many people mistakenly think that the starting station of the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway is the Beijing West Railway Station.

▼ of Beijing West Railway Station (photo: Shige), which undertakes important tasks.

In fact, this is not the case. The starting point of the main line of the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway is precisely Beijing Fengtai Station. Before the completion of Beijing Fengtai Station, trains passing through the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway were operated through the main line of the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway from the Beijing West Station to the Dujiakan line through the contact line.

On June 20, 2022, with the departure of the G601 (Fengtai-Taiyuan South) EMU from Beijing Fengtai Station, the full operation of the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway was finally announced.

At the beginning of the opening of Fengtai Railway Station in Beijing,

Mainly from Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway to Shitai high-speed railway

Directional EMU train (photo: Beijing Railway) ▼

In order to complete the "last kilometer" of the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway, the Beijing-Guangzhou high-speed railway is introduced into Beijing Fengtai Station to realize the seamless connection between the elevated depot and the station building of Beijing Fengtai Station. Fengtai Bridge, an important node of the reconstruction project of Beijing Fengtai Station, is also a control project connected to the whole line, and it is also the first six-line simply supported steel box arch bridge in the country.

The bridge has a total length of 1.5 kilometers, innovatively adopts the structural form of "integration of bridge construction", and realizes a double-deck elevated parking yard with overlapping high speed and common speed, which is the first example in the country. In addition, the Jing-Guang Bridge across the G4 Beijing-Hong Kong-Macao Expressway is also a supporting project for the transformation of Fengtai Station.

The railway station in Beijing always brings surprises to people. From the Beijing Railway Station, one of the "Top Ten National Day projects" in 1959, to the Beijing West Railway Station, which is the "largest station in Asia" at the end of the 20th century, to the Beijing South Railway Station, the first high-speed rail station in China in 2008, and then to the Beijing Fengtai Station where the New era Railway passenger Station has been completed.

As for the next one, it depends on the "Beijing City Deputy Central Station" in Tongzhou.

[thank you] the picture content of this article has been strongly supported by China Railway Design Group Co., Ltd.

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