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When I was a student in military training, the most frightening and tense part was to listen to the instructor's instructions to turn left to right. At this time, people who can tell the difference between left and right are turning around like flies who have lost their sense of direction, not to mention people who can't tell the difference between left and right in the first place.

Although it is easy for some people to distinguish between the left and the right, according to a recent study, about 1/6 of the world's people find it difficult to distinguish between the left and the right. Are you one of them?

Whenever I practice driving or military training, I feel that this thing around my neck doesn't seem to be of much use. Gifer is not making excuses. Left-right discrimination is actually a very complicated process, which requires memory, language, visual and spatial processing, as well as psychological coordination. Dr. Sebastian Ocklenburg of the Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience at Ruhr University in Bochum, Germany, has pointed out that distinguishing "left and right" is much more complicated than "up and down", because the top and bottom can be referred to by the environment and the things around, but "left and right" usually need to be distinguished from our own point of view.

It was only more than 50 years ago that people first studied and proposed data on the proportion of people who are difficult to distinguish between left and right. Surveys at the time showed that 17.5% of women and 8.8% of men often encountered problems that were difficult to identify quickly. A study published by Vander Ham in 2020 found that about 15 per cent of people still thought they were incompetent in identifying left and right, and almost half of the 400 participants in the study said they would know which side is left and which is right by marking or through a lengthy recognition process.

Click on this article to show you why men are born with a better sense of direction than women. )

The LRD trial included eight stimuli, in which an and b were self-centered and looked at their hands; the remaining six pictures required participants to rotate to a self-centered position to identify left and right hands. Ref. [6] so why do we confuse left and right?

Norwegian scientists used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study the active areas of the brain during left and right cognition, with participants lying in fMRI scanners looking at pictures of hands pointing in different directions to identify whether it was a left hand or a right hand. The data showed significant activity in the right angular gyrus and areas around the parietal lobe in the LRD recognition test.

The angular gyrus (Angular gyrus) corresponds to area 39 in the Brodman partition system and is an important joint area in the posterior part of the brain. It involves language-related processes, such as semantic processing and word reading, as well as memory and spatial cognition. Like a hub for cross-departmental cooperation, it integrates different workflows to guide our actions.

The orange area is the angular gyrus wiki. This also explains why angular gyrus lesions are closely related to confusion: distinguishing left and right requires language involvement (left and right words require people to apply to specific objects in the environment), memory (you have to remember which is the left and which is the right) and spatial cognition (you have to tell whether the objects around you are on your left or right). If the integration of these different processes fails, left and right confusion may occur.

However, if you can't identify left and right for a long time, you should be on guard against Gerstmann syndrome (Gerstmann syndrome) caused by angular gyrus lesions in the occipital transitional region of the left hemisphere. in addition to confusion between left and right, there are also symptoms such as inability to distinguish fingers, inability to write and inability to perform simple mathematical calculations, but the patient does not have any obvious obstacles in the overall visual space processing. It is simply difficult to deduce the relative position of an object along the horizontal axis.

It seems that the next time I go to the hospital, I have to test whether the doctor can distinguish between left and right. | although for many people, being unable to distinguish between left and right does not have any serious impact on life and work, for some types of work, it is very important for life and death.

For example, when surgeons operate on patients, they need to distinguish not only their own left and right, but also the patient's left and right (their right is the patient's left), so as not to remove the wrong organs and produce irreparable consequences. In January 2000, two doctors in a South Wales hospital accidentally removed a functional left kidney when they needed to remove a patient's right kidney, resulting in the patient's death. And when the ship's helmsman makes a left-to-right judgment, left and right alone could lead to a repeat of the Titanic-style sinking. So for these jobs, they may need to have a good visual spatial ability to imagine the rotation of objects, as well as spend more time training spatial orientation.

Is there a possibility that I can't even distinguish the correct L in an emergency? | is there anything Pxhere can do to help us do this better and faster?

The Gormley team studied the experience of people making left-and-right decisions and found that if a person in the image raised his arm and imagined his hand or body turning to the same position in the image, it was easier to tell whether the person was holding out his left hand or his right hand.

When you need to judge yourself, you can open the thumb and index finger of both hands to draw an L shape at the same time. The hand that looks more like the letter L is the left hand. Or imagining which hand you want to write with can also have a better effect (but left-handed people are more difficult to identify left and right).

People will not step into the same river, but I will once again forget left and right (no | gifer, do you have any long-cherished tricks to judge left and right in case of emergency?

Reference:

[1] https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaneurology/article-abstract/572327

[2] https://www.bmj.com/content/328/7434/246.2.full

[3] https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1747021820968519

[4] Seghier ML. The Angular Gyrus: Multiple Functions and Multiple Subdivisions. The Neuroscientist. 2013 Ting 19 (1): 43-61. Doi:10.1177/1073858412440596

Gormley GJ, Brennan C, Dempster M. (2019). 'What... you can't tell left from right?' Medical students' experiences in making laterality decisions. Med Educ, in press.

[6] https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2015.02.066

[7] https://www.autoaubaine.com/dossier-ford-mach-eau-un-nouveau-parfum_9002708.html

This article is from the official Wechat account: bring Science Home (ID:steamforkids), author: everything.

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