Shulou(Shulou.com)11/24 Report--

The preface opened the first year of the Chinese hard-core sci-fi movie "wandering Earth" to launch the second film in the series, "wandering Earth Ⅱ", which did well at the box office during the Spring Festival. The ups and downs of the plot and the imaginative sci-fi wonders make people unstoppable. Although the film makes a wild imagination about the future world, it is not completely fictional. The setting of the film is completely in line with the existing space science knowledge. And take this as the basis for the re-interpretation of the sci-fi perspective. Among them, "wandering Earth Ⅱ" portrays the moon impressively, and the rigorous and scientific engineering design and beautiful aesthetic design complement each other, which makes the visual landscape on the moon particularly brilliant, sets off the atmosphere of the film, and also contributes many famous scenes, such as Zhang Peng looking at the earth from the moon, holding the hope of continuing human civilization in sorrowful desolation.

(source: Weibo netizens @ Violet yearns for resplendence) the most inscribed and shocking thing on the moon is Copernicus Crater, which impressed me deeply, whether it was the early construction of an engine testing machine or the final silent explosion in the phased matrix. In the film, in order to verify the feasibility of the mountain removal plan, the coalition government built engine testing machines in Libreville, the capital of Gabon, and Campanus crater on the moon, why did they choose Campanus crater (Copernicus Crater)? What are the secrets behind it? This article will take you to decrypt it.

1. The reason why the coalition government chose Campanus: the coalition government (Campanus) Joint Experimental Base (UEG Joint Research Base (Campanus)): located in the lunar Campanus crater (Campanus), it is the base built by the coalition government on the moon, led by Russia. The base includes two rocket launchers, residential areas, lunar rover parking areas, solar power generation areas, helium-3 mining facilities and satellite engines. The base is mainly used for the overall construction of lunar satellite engines and the helium-3 energy needed for mining the engine ignition device-flint.

The periphery of the crater can also be seen radially covered with helium 3 raw material collection pits, while the satellite engine No. 1 testing machine (The Moving Mountain Project Planetary Engine (No.1 Planetary Test Engine)) leans against the inner wall of the crater. This flexible use of crater structure design makes the engine structure chimeric with the lunar surface to ensure maximum propulsion power. The engine consists of three parts: the front dam body, the engine block, and the buffer wall, which stretches for dozens of kilometers. The nozzle is facing the Campanus Ring Mountain pass, with a total of 11 main and secondary vents arranged in a horizontal symmetry; the rectangular traces of the material excavated by the robot building the engine can be clearly observed from the lunar orbit. After the feasibility verification, the engine was renamed Lunar 1 Staellite Enigine, and finally it exploded under the control of MOSS in the "Lunar fall crisis" in 2058, which became the beginning of the crisis.

(source: wandering Earth official Weibo # wandering Earth 2 Moon Art Design #) Campanus Crater (Copernicus Crater), as one of the most conspicuous craters on the moon, is special because of its large size and obvious internal structure-which is the reason why the coalition government chose to build an engine testing machine in Campanus.

Campanus crater is more than three times the diameter of most craters on the moon, making it easy to carry out large-scale lunar construction. At the same time, it also has stability, previous studies have shown that the larger the crater, the slower the degradation [1]. Campanus, as one of the largest craters on the moon, the rock structure and physical and chemical properties will not change sharply in a short time.

In addition, Campanus crater has experienced extreme geodynamic action, with obvious impact paraboloid and impact wall, and there are many high mountains and hills inside. these internal structure and geomorphological features are conducive to the development of embedded structure construction.

Front-end dam body: the thick dam body is 25 km laterally, 20 km deep and 3.7 km high. Embedded in the crater wall, the original 2.3km depth of the crater reclaimed another 1400 meters near the engine, and the dam was closely constructed by 3D printing and crater foundation.

Engine block: the engine block is on the central axis of the structure, 20 km in length, 3.3 km in width and 1.8 km in height. The front section is the engine nozzle, and the middle and rear section is the longitudinally arranged reaction furnace area. The two sides of the body are connected with the dam body on both sides by linkage machinery to provide shock absorption and cushioning for engine injection.

Buffer wall: the rear half of the engine is a buffer wall that extends for hundreds of kilometers. The continuous giant cube is connected in series with the lunar rigid body, bearing all the thrust of the engine to propel the moon.

(source: wandering Earth official Weibo # wandering Earth 2 Moon Art Design #) 2, set foot on the Campanus Crater: the first lunar crater exploration from landing to discovery was in 1969, when American astronauts Neil Armstrong and Edwin Buzz Aldrin successfully landed on the moon and explored the crater during the Apollo 11 mission. Campanus crater (Copernicus Crater) also got a lot of observations during this mission. After decades of research by scientists, it has become a very important lunar crater in geology. Campanus crater, with exact coordinates of 27.9 °W and 28.04 °S, is about 93 km in diameter and 2.3 km deep. It may have been formed by fragments broken from the parent body of asteroid 495 Yuralia 800 million years ago.

(source: NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter) the rocks and soil in the Campanus crater (Copernicus Crater) provide valuable information about the history and structure of the moon. It proves that there has been volcanic activity on the moon in its history, that the moon once had an internal heat source, and that the moon has suffered an impact event.

At present, many countries and organizations are carrying out a new round of lunar exploration missions to gain a deeper understanding of the geological structure of the moon. China has completed two lunar exploration missions and plans to conduct more exploration and scientific experiments in the future; the United States plans to land on the moon again in 2024 and establish a lunar test base in the next few years; the European Union and Russia are also studying and developing lunar probes to gain a better understanding of the geological structure and history of the moon. The lunar exploration mission is a challenging and important scientific task, which will help us to have a deeper understanding of the structure and evolution of the moon during its formation [4]. It can even help us understand the history of the formation and evolution of the solar system.

3. The geological treasures of the moon in recent years, with the progress of technology, human beings have carried out more in-depth and detailed exploration through lunar rovers and lunar probes. These explorations enable us to have a deeper understanding of the formation and evolution of lunar craters, discover more geomorphological features, and provide more information and clues for future lunar exploration.

In addition to Campanus crater, there are many famous geomorphological features on the moon:

1. Tycho Crater: located in the south pole of the moon, it is a beautiful crater. Tycho Crater has very distinctive features, such as its bright rock accumulation and walls above the surrounding ground. These characteristics make Tycho Crater a conspicuous geomorphic feature on the lunar surface and an important place for scientists to study the lunar surface geomorphology.

(source: NASA) 2. Aristarchus Plateau: located in the northwest of the moon, it is a large plateau with an area of about 350 x 50 kilometers and a height of about 3 kilometers. Aristarchus Plateau is one of the brightest and most active regions on the lunar surface and has high scientific value. The plateau has distinct geomorphological features, such as faults, mountains, ravines and canyons. It is formed by geological processes such as volcanic activity, impact and glacial rivers. Aristarchus Plateau is also a region rich in uranium, lead and tin on the moon, and may be an important site for exploring lunar resources.

(source: NASA) 3. Mountain Rima Ariadaeus: located in the equatorial region of the moon, it is a very unique linear groove. Some scientists believe that the linear rill may have formed after a large impact event, while others believe that the rill was formed as a surface manifestation of a deep dike system while the moon was still volcanic. A few scholars even think that this proves that the moon is formed by the combination of two small stars. In short, the unique linear structure gives scientists a lot of room to imagine.

(source: NASA) 4. Kepler Crater: located in the south of the moon, it is a very eye-catching crater. It is most famous for covering the surrounding ray system (ray system). The rays extend for more than 300 kilometers and overlap with rays from other craters. A small spray around the outer edge of the Kepler Crater, the outer wall is slightly polygonal, the inner wall is tilted and slightly stepped, like a blooming flower, it can be said to be a more artistic landscape on the moon.

(source: NASA) conclusion the Campanus Ring Mountain on the moon is evidence that cannot be ignored in exploring the mysteries of the universe. The universe is a huge map on which we try to find our place and open a skylight that looks into the universe. In the science fiction perspective of "wandering Earth Ⅱ", science and aesthetics are intertwined and integrated, drawing the imaginary world of man's development and utilization of the moon. It not only helps us recall our journey of exploration, but also brings us unlimited imagination and scientific inspiration.

References:

[1] BASILEVSKY A, KOZLOVA N, ZAVYALOV I Y, et al. Morphometric studies of the Copernicus and Tycho secondary craters on the moon: Dependence of crater degradation rate on crater size [J]. Planetary and Space Science, 2018: 31-40.

[2] GAST P, GORNITZ V, JASTROW R, et al. Lunar science prior to Apollo 11 [R]: NASA, 1969.

[3] TERADA K, MOROTA T, KATO M. Asteroid shower on the Earth-Moon system immediately before the Cryogenian period revealed by KAGUYA [J]. Nature Communications, 2020, 11 (1): 3453.

[4] WILHELMS D E, MCCAULEY J F, TRASK N J. The geologic history of the Moon [R], 1987.

[5] HARTMANN W K. Paleocratering of the Moon: Review of post-Apollo data [J]. Astrophysics and Space Science, 1972, 17: 48-64.

This article is from the official account of Wechat: stone Science Popularization Studio (ID:Dr__Stone), by Shao Jingying

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