Shulou(Shulou.com)11/24 Report--

As the head of the "new infrastructure" and the pillar of the digital economy, 5G is changing people's way of production and life, making cities smarter, villages more comfortable, driving smarter and audio-visual more enjoyable. And help to open up the information "artery" of China's economic and social development, and promote economic and social development to coruscate new vigor and vitality.

In 2022, the construction of a new type of infrastructure represented by 5G will become the main theme. With the joint efforts of various industries such as "politics, industry, learning, research and application", China's 5G construction has further accelerated and improved quality, and the application type has realized "letting a hundred flowers blossom", injecting new momentum into the economic and social development of our country.

To build 2.25 million 5G base stations and let 5G reach every corner connection is the initial mission of 5G. Over the past three years of commercial use, China has built a 5G independent network with the largest scale and the most advanced technology in the world. The 5G network has basically covered the whole country, and "county access" has been realized. By the end of October 2022, a total of 2.25 million 5G base stations have been built and opened in China. On the basis of realizing the coverage of all cities at or above the prefecture level in the country, the 5G network has been further extended to cover all county towns and key towns and towns in the country.

In order to improve the efficiency of network construction, 5G network co-construction and sharing has been further deepened. Over the past eight years, the sharing rate of new base stations in China has increased significantly from 14% in history to 82%. The proportion of new sites sharing social resources such as towers, road management, electricity and other social resources has reached 28.4%. The proportion of 5G base stations has reached 96.2%. Among them, China Telecom and China Unicom pioneered a new construction and operation mode of 5G access network "one physical network, two logical networks", opening more than 870000 5G shared base stations, saving more than 10 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity and reducing carbon emissions by 6 million tons.

It takes a lot of investment to build such a large-scale 5G network. In 2022, the scale of network investment in China continued to expand, with construction investment exceeding 400 billion yuan for two consecutive years. From January to September 2022, China's telecom fixed asset investment reached 294.87 billion yuan, an increase of 7.3% over the same period last year, reaching 139.09 billion yuan. At the same time, enterprise R & D investment continues to increase. Basic telecommunications enterprises, Internet enterprises, and communications equipment manufacturers will strengthen their technological research in the fields of 5G/6G, cloud-network convergence, artificial intelligence, and so on.

At the same time, more spectrum resources are being reused for 5G. In November 2022, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology approved China Unicom to re-use the frequency resources of 904MHz-915MHz / 949MHz-960MHz band (900MHz band) currently used in 2G / 3G / 4G systems for 5G systems, which is beneficial for China Unicom to rapidly promote 5G coverage in rural and remote areas with less investment, and the cost of network construction is expected to be significantly lower than that of 3.5GHz, 2.1GHz and other frequency bands.

More 5G code resources are also available to the public. On June 27, 2022, China Radio and Television Section 192 was released to the public, and the official website of China Radio and Television was officially launched on the same day, and users can handle 5G packages and other business on the official website.

With more than 10,000 virtual private networks, 5G has made positive progress in user scale, new terminals and new applications. Among them, new applications cover ultra-high definition video, sports events, residential services, shopping and other key areas. Personal applications such as virtual digital human, 5G messages, 5G new calls, AR (augmented reality) and VR (virtual reality) are developing rapidly. Bring new experiences to consumers. 5G, gigabit optical network accelerated penetration in education, medical, entertainment, family and other scenes. 5G Wisdom View, 4K/8K live broadcast, long-distance unmanned mixed interview and other technologies have been applied in large-scale sports events such as the 14th National Games and Beijing Winter Olympic Games.

New ways of calling are also going to the market. In January 2022, China Telecom announced that 5G message was officially put into commercial use, and 5G messaging platforms of the three major operators were officially interconnected. In April, China Mobile officially released 5G new call products. China Telecom and China Unicom have realized the interconnected 5G new call ultra-clear video voice call service.

The application of 5G industry is also expanding, and the effect of "one industry with all industries" is remarkable. By the end of September 2022, there were more than 10,000 virtual private networks in 5G industry. 5G has been widely used in more than 200 smart mines, more than 1700 smart factories and more than 250 smart grid projects. Typical application scenarios with commercial value have covered more than 40% of the national economy. 5G private network as a whole is in the early pilot stage, but with the introduction of 5G private network service products by telecom operators, cloud manufacturers, system integrators, telecom equipment vendors and industrial equipment vendors combined with their own resource advantages, the ability of 5G private network flexible deployment and intelligent services will continue to be enhanced.

In order to encourage more 5G applications, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology has held the "Blossom Cup" 5G application solicitation contest for five consecutive years, collecting more than 50,000 innovative application cases, and excavating a number of 5G typical applications in key fields such as industry, medical care, energy, education, and so on. More innovative seeds are about to sprout.

R17 version of the standard freeze, so that 5G to high-speed ubiquitous evolution in 2022, 5G has also taken an important step in the standard field. The freeze in 3GPPPRI 5G R17 standard provides an important basis for further industrialization of 5G.

R17 enriches the connotation of 5G network from the aspects of terminal, network, frequency band and so on. Based on the application requirements of 5G in to B and to C scenarios since commercial use, R17 continues to enhance and evolve in key technologies such as multi-antenna, dynamic spectrum sharing (DSS) and terminal energy saving. R17 proposes lightweight (RedCap) technology to continuously expand 5G application scenarios with low-power and low-cost terminals. To further expand the 5G millimeter wave band, R17 studies key technologies such as physical layer parameters and access mechanisms from 52.6GHz to 71GHz, continuously releasing 5G potential.

5G will support more Internet of things devices to access the network at lower power consumption, especially as the maturity of the technology industry such as 5G NR and 5G RedCap increases and the terminal cost decreases, 5G connection will accelerate the extension from mobile phones to general objects such as smart wear, machines, equipment and cars, giving birth to medium-and high-speed application scenarios such as video surveillance, industrial sensing, medical monitoring and so on. And high-speed application scenarios such as industrial Internet, smart medicine, intelligent transportation, sports and entertainment continue to empower the Internet of everything.

At the same time, the 5G technical standard has been upgraded to 5G-Advanced. As an upgraded version of 5G, 5G-Advanced will further expand and explore the vertical industry, intelligent operation and maintenance and other fields on the basis of enhanced mobile bandwidth, ultra-high reliability, low latency and massive machine communication capabilities, providing ubiquitous 10 Gigabit experience and 100 billion connection capabilities. 5G Advanced includes R18, R19 and R20, of which R18 has been basically established and is expected to be frozen by the end of 2023, which will achieve the following performance improvements: first, the continuous enhancement of broadband to provide a better user experience for new services such as XR; second, the enhancement of vertical industry proprietary scenarios to better meet the needs of typical large uplink Internet of things applications such as production line monitoring and smart city management. Third, integration with artificial intelligence to improve the level of network intelligence and support for artificial intelligence applications; fourth, communication perception fusion, the use of perceptual algorithms to extract environmental information from channel information, to enhance the ability of network architecture and access network technology to support synaesthesia fusion.

In 2022, China has made gratifying achievements in 5G construction, which has laid a good foundation for further realizing the vision of "5G changing society". In the future, we also need to strengthen innovation in application and technological development, so as to promote the development of 5G in China to a new level and provide greater help for the development of digital economy.

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